等待和通知的标准范式
等待方:
- 获取对象的锁;
- 循环里判断条件是否满足,不满足调用wait方法,
- 条件满足执行业务逻辑
通知方:
- 获取对象的锁;
- 改变条件
- 通知所有等待在对象的线程
wait和notify简单使用示例
package cc.zxf.owner.vip.waitNotify;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
public class WN {
private Boolean onOff;
public WN(Boolean onOff) {
this.onOff = onOff;
}
public Boolean getOnOff() {
return onOff;
}
public void setOnOff(Boolean onOff) {
this.onOff = onOff;
}
/**
* 循环判断线程是否符合继续执行的条件,如果不符合则线程继续等待
* @param downLatch
*/
public synchronized void doSomeThing(CountDownLatch downLatch){
while (!onOff){
downLatch.countDown();
System.out.println("wait!!!!! ==>"+Thread.currentThread().getId());
try {
wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("线程:"+Thread.currentThread().getId()+" 开始doing!!!!! ==>");
}
/**
* 改变信号量的状态,并唤醒所有在该对象上等待的线程
*/
public synchronized void changeState(){
System.out.println("开始改变状态");
this.onOff = true;
notifyAll();
System.out.println("唤醒等待线程");
}
}
测试类
package cc.zxf.owner.vip.waitNotify;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
public class WNTest {
private static WN wn = new WN(false);
private static class WNDoing implements Runnable{
private CountDownLatch downLatch;
public WNDoing(CountDownLatch downLatch){
this.downLatch = downLatch;
}
@Override
public void run() {
wn.doSomeThing(downLatch);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args){
Integer cut = 10;
/**
* 使用CountDownLatch是为了确保所有线程都执行完毕处于等待状态后
* 再继续执行主线程改变信号量的操作
*/
CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(cut);
for(int i = 0 ; i < 10 ; i ++){
WNDoing wnDo = new WNDoing(countDownLatch);
Thread thread = new Thread(wnDo);
thread.start();
}
try {
countDownLatch.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
wn.changeState();
}
}
执行结果
说明:
notify和notifyAll应该用谁?
应该尽量使用notifyAll,使用notify因为有可能发生信号丢失的的情况
-
notify( )方法只会通知等待队列中的第一个相关线程(不会通知优先级比较高的线程)
-
notifyAll( )通知所有等待该竞争资源的线程(也不会按照线程的优先级来执行)
在while循环里而不是if语句下使用wait,这样,会在线程暂停恢复后都检查wait的条件,并在条件实际上并未改变的情况下处理唤醒通知