原
从零搭建springboot+springcloud+euerka+feign项目
前言
最近准备写个小项目，想用springboot+springcloud，注册中心选用euerka，对于服务调用选用了风格比较符合平时开发习惯的feign，选择的原因很简单，之前没用过练习一下（手动滑稽），内容比较全，遇到的各种小坑都找到了对应的解决方案，本次搭建过程中遇见的坑全部红色加粗提示，废话不说，开始搭建。
准备
1. maven: 3.5.3
2. jdk: 1.8
3. 开发工具: Idea
目录结构
虽然四个project放在一起了，但我是各自维护pom.xml的
一、搭建注册中心euerka（这步没有坑，很简单就搭好了）
1. 修改pom.xml
-
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
-
xmlns:xsi=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-
xsi:schemaLocation=
"http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
-
<modelVersion>4.0.0
</modelVersion>
-
-
<groupId>com.joab.anime
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>one-for-all-eureka
</artifactId>
-
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT
</version>
-
-
<parent>
-
<groupId>org.springframework.boot
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent
</artifactId>
-
<version>2.0.3.RELEASE
</version>
-
<relativePath/>
-
</parent>
-
-
<properties>
-
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8
</project.build.sourceEncoding>
-
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8
</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
-
<java.version>1.8
</java.version>
-
<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE
</spring-cloud.version>
-
</properties>
-
-
<dependencies>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server
</artifactId>
-
</dependency>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.springframework.boot
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test
</artifactId>
-
<scope>test
</scope>
-
</dependency>
-
</dependencies>
-
-
<dependencyManagement>
-
<dependencies>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies
</artifactId>
-
<version>${spring-cloud.version}
</version>
-
<type>pom
</type>
-
<scope>import
</scope>
-
</dependency>
-
</dependencies>
-
</dependencyManagement>
-
-
<build>
-
<plugins>
-
<plugin>
-
<groupId>org.springframework.boot
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin
</artifactId>
-
</plugin>
-
</plugins>
-
</build>
-
-
</project>
2. 编辑application.yml
-
server:
-
port:
8761
-
-
eureka:
-
instance:
-
hostname: localhost
-
client:
-
registerWithEureka:
false
-
fetchRegistry:
false
-
serviceUrl:
-
defaultZone: http:
//${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/
-
-
spring:
-
application:
-
name: demo-eureka
3. 编辑EurekaApplication.java
-
@EnableEurekaServer
-
@SpringBootApplication
-
public
class EurekaApplication {
-
public static void main(String[] args) {
-
SpringApplication.run(EurekaApplication.class);
-
}
-
}
4. 启动EurekaApplication，浏览器输入http://localhost:8761/，显示如下证明euerka搭建成功
二、提供服务接口api（该步骤目的是接口与实现分离）
1. 修改pom.xml
-
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
-
xmlns:xsi=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-
xsi:schemaLocation=
"http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
-
<modelVersion>4.0.0
</modelVersion>
-
-
<groupId>com.joaby.springclouddemo
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>api
</artifactId>
-
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT
</version>
-
-
<parent>
-
<groupId>org.springframework.boot
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent
</artifactId>
-
<version>2.0.3.RELEASE
</version>
-
<relativePath/>
-
</parent>
-
-
<properties>
-
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8
</project.build.sourceEncoding>
-
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8
</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
-
<java.version>1.8
</java.version>
-
</properties>
-
-
<dependencies>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.springframework.boot
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web
</artifactId>
-
</dependency>
-
</dependencies>
-
-
</project>
2. 提供api接口
-
public
interface IDemoApi {
-
/**
-
* 入参为字段，返回值为字段
-
*/
-
@RequestMapping(value=
"/demo-api/test", method=RequestMethod.GET)
-
String test(@RequestParam(value = "test") String test);
-
/**
-
* 入参为对象，返回值为对象
-
*/
-
@RequestMapping(value=
"/demo-api/user", method=RequestMethod.POST)
-
User user(@RequestBody User user);
-
}
注意：
1）不支持@GetMapping @PostMapping，只能用@RequestMapping，通过method指定请求方式；
2）参数传递必须用@RequestParam(value = "test") 注解修饰；
3）传递的参数为对象，必须用@RequestBody修饰；
4）返回值若为对象，对象必须序列化，且必须提供public修饰的无参构造方法（默认是提供的），会报错com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.exc.InvalidDefinitionException，原因是jackson的反序列化需要无参构造函数；
*5）尽管路径均为“/demo-api/xxx”，但是笔者在类上使用注解@RequestMapping(value="/demo-api")就无法调通，请读者补充
二、提供服务提供者实现
1. 修改pom.xml
-
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
-
xmlns:xsi=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-
xsi:schemaLocation=
"http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
-
<modelVersion>4.0.0
</modelVersion>
-
-
<groupId>com.joaby.springclouddemo
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>provider
</artifactId>
-
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT
</version>
-
-
<parent>
-
<groupId>org.springframework.boot
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent
</artifactId>
-
<version>2.0.3.RELEASE
</version>
-
<relativePath/>
-
</parent>
-
-
<properties>
-
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8
</project.build.sourceEncoding>
-
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8
</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
-
<java.version>1.8
</java.version>
-
<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE
</spring-cloud.version>
-
</properties>
-
-
<dependencies>
-
<dependency>
-
<!-- 依赖的api -->
-
<groupId>com.joaby.springclouddemo
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>api
</artifactId>
-
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT
</version>
-
</dependency>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client
</artifactId>
-
</dependency>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.springframework.boot
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web
</artifactId>
-
</dependency>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.springframework.boot
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test
</artifactId>
-
<scope>test
</scope>
-
</dependency>
-
</dependencies>
-
-
<dependencyManagement>
-
<dependencies>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies
</artifactId>
-
<version>${spring-cloud.version}
</version>
-
<type>pom
</type>
-
<scope>import
</scope>
-
</dependency>
-
</dependencies>
-
</dependencyManagement>
-
-
<build>
-
<plugins>
-
<plugin>
-
<groupId>org.springframework.boot
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin
</artifactId>
-
</plugin>
-
</plugins>
-
</build>
-
-
</project>
2. 编辑application.yml
-
server:
-
port:
8091
-
-
eureka:
-
#eueka 主机名
-
instance:
-
hostname: localhost
-
client:
-
#提供者和消费者的注册地址
-
service-url:
-
defaultZone: http:
//${eureka.instance.hostname}:8761/eureka/
-
-
spring:
-
application:
-
name: demo-provider
3. 实现服务
-
@RestController
-
public
class DemoProvider implements IDemoApi {
-
@Override
-
public String test(String test) {
-
return
"test: " + test;
-
}
-
-
@Override
-
public User user(@RequestBody User user) {
-
if (user ==
null) {
-
user =
new User(
10,
"Joab-Y");
-
}
-
return user;
-
}
-
}
3. 编辑ProviderApplication.java
-
@SpringBootApplication
-
@EnableEurekaClient
-
public
class ProviderApplication {
-
public static void main(String[] args) {
-
SpringApplication.run(ProviderApplication.class);
-
}
-
}
4. 启动ProviderApplication，浏览器输入http://localhost:8091/demo-api/test?test=123，显示如下，服务提供成功
注意：
1）实现类必须用@RestController注解修饰，不然他会去找模板；
2）传递参数如果为对象，该对象必须再次用@RequestBody修饰，不然字段带不过来，仍为null；
四、搭建消费者
1. 修改pom.xml
-
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
-
xmlns:xsi=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-
xsi:schemaLocation=
"http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
-
<modelVersion>4.0.0
</modelVersion>
-
-
<groupId>com.joaby.springclouddemo
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>customer
</artifactId>
-
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT
</version>
-
-
<parent>
-
<groupId>org.springframework.boot
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent
</artifactId>
-
<version>2.0.3.RELEASE
</version>
-
<relativePath/>
-
</parent>
-
-
<properties>
-
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8
</project.build.sourceEncoding>
-
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8
</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
-
<java.version>1.8
</java.version>
-
<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE
</spring-cloud.version>
-
</properties>
-
-
<dependencies>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.springframework.boot
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web
</artifactId>
-
</dependency>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.springframework.boot
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test
</artifactId>
-
<scope>test
</scope>
-
</dependency>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client
</artifactId>
-
</dependency>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign
</artifactId>
-
</dependency>
-
<!-- 依赖的api -->
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>com.joaby.springclouddemo
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>api
</artifactId>
-
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT
</version>
-
</dependency>
-
</dependencies>
-
-
<dependencyManagement>
-
<dependencies>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies
</artifactId>
-
<version>${spring-cloud.version}
</version>
-
<type>pom
</type>
-
<scope>import
</scope>
-
</dependency>
-
</dependencies>
-
</dependencyManagement>
-
-
<build>
-
<plugins>
-
<plugin>
-
<groupId>org.springframework.boot
</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin
</artifactId>
-
</plugin>
-
</plugins>
-
</build>
-
-
</project>
2. 编辑application.yml
-
server:
-
port:
8081
-
-
spring:
-
application:
-
name: demo-customer
-
-
eureka:
-
#eueka 主机名
-
instance:
-
hostname: localhost
-
client:
-
#提供者和消费者的注册地址
-
serviceUrl:
-
defaultZone: http:
//${eureka.instance.hostname}:8761/eureka/
-
feign:
-
hystrix:
-
enabled:
true
3. 编辑DemoFeignService接口，继承服务api
-
// name: 服务者application.yml中的spring.application.name
-
// fallback: 断路器执行方法，即方法执行失败调用
-
@FeignClient(name=
"demo-provider", fallback = DemoServiceFallback.class)
-
public
interface DemoFeignService extends IDemoApi {
-
}
4. 实现断路器类
-
@Component
-
public
class DemoServiceFallback implements DemoFeignService {
-
@Override
-
public String test(String test) {
-
return
"error";
-
}
-
-
@Override
-
public User user(User user) {
-
return
null;
-
}
-
}
5. 前端调用
-
@RestController
-
public
class DemoController {
-
@Autowired
-
public DemoFeignService demoFeignService;
-
-
@RequestMapping(
"/test")
-
public String test() {
-
return demoFeignService.test(
"test");
-
}
-
-
@RequestMapping(
"/user")
-
public User user() {
-
User user =
new User();
-
user.setAge(
10);
-
user.setName(
"Joab-Y");
-
return demoFeignService.user(user);
-
}
-
}
6. 编辑CustomerApplicaton.java
-
@SpringBootApplication
-
@EnableEurekaClient
-
@EnableDiscoveryClient
-
@EnableFeignClients
-
public
class CustomerApplicaton {
-
public static void main(String[] args) {
-
SpringApplication.run(CustomerApplicaton.class, args);
-
}
-
}
7. 启动CustomerApplicaton
浏览器输入http://localhost:8081/test，显示如下
浏览器输入http://localhost:8081/user，显示如下
若断开provider，浏览器输入http://localhost:8081/test，显示如下（断路器生效）
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