- 前言
最近做微信支付,调到特约商户入驻(提交申请单接口)时遇到了一些问题,主要是微信似乎没有对应的java完整demo,至少我没找到(可能我太笨了QAQ),特此记录一下
-
准备工作
要准备的东西有:
1、服务商公钥证书(即apiclient_cert.pem这个文件)
2、服务商私钥证书(即apiclient_key.pem这个文件)
以上2个文件没有的,看这里->什么是API证书?如何获取API证书?
3、微信平台公钥证书(即wechatpay_xxxxxx.pem这个文件,xxxxx为随机字符串)
这个文件没有的,可以看这里->这是一个超链接o(∩_∩)o 哈哈
4、服务商的MCH_ID
这个可以在微信服务商平台找到,具体地址为
账户中心–>>商户信息–>>基本商户信息–>>微信支付商户号 -
引用的jar包
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.pay.wechat.tpay.PayKit; //自己的工具包 后面有代码
import org.pay.wechat.tpay.RsaKit; //自己的工具包 后面有代码
import org.pay.wechat.utils.ConstantsLoader;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import cn.hutool.core.io.FileUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.util.StrUtil;
import cn.hutool.json.JSONUtil;
- 主要代码
//根据接口文档组装的JSON报文 怎么拼接的我就不写了 就是JSON使劲套呗
String body = json.toJSONString();
try {
//时间戳
long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000;
//随机字符串(用UUID去掉-就行)
String nonce = IdUtil.fastSimpleUUID().toUpperCase();
//拼接要签名的字符串
String orgSignText = "POST\n"
+ "/v3/applyment4sub/applyment/\n"
+ timestamp + "\n"
+ nonce + "\n"
+ body + "\n";
// 获取商户私钥
PrivateKey privateKey = PayKit.getPrivateKey("这里填写私钥路径 也就是apiclient_key.pem这个文件的路径");
// 生成签名
String sign = RsaKit.encryptByPrivateKey(orgSignText, privateKey);
//要放在HttpHeader中的auth信息
String auth = "WECHATPAY2-SHA256-RSA2048 "
+ "mchid=\"你的MCH_ID\",nonce_str=\""
+ nonce + "\",timestamp=\"" + timestamp
+ "\",serial_no=\"" + getSerialNumber() + "\",signature=\"" + sign +"\"";
String url = "https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/v3/applyment4sub/applyment/";
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url);
String res = "";
try {
StringEntity strEntity = new StringEntity(body, "utf-8");
strEntity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
strEntity.setContentType("application/json");
//下面几个Header必须设置
httppost.addHeader("Authorization", auth);
httppost.addHeader("Content-Type","application/json");
httppost.addHeader("Accept", "application/json");
//这里的User-Agent根据自己的实际情况来
httppost.addHeader("User-Agent", "WeChatPay-IJPay-HttpClient/4.5 (Windows 10/10.0) Java/1.8.0_221");
//微信平台证书序列号
httppost.addHeader("Wechatpay-Serial", getPlatSerialNumber());
httppost.setEntity(strEntity);
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
try {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (entity != null) {
System.out.println("--------------------------------------");
res = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
System.out.println("Response content: " + res);
System.out.println("--------------------------------------");
}
} finally {
response.close();
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 关闭连接,释放资源
try {
httpclient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
log.info("响应信息->");
log.info(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(res));
JSONObject respJson = JSONObject.parseObject(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(res));
Map<String, String> respMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
for(Object key : respJson.keySet()) {
respMap.put(key.toString(), respJson.get(key).toString());
}
return respMap;
} catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
- 以上代码中用到的方法 ↓↓↓↓↓
//获取商户证书序列号
private String getSerialNumber() {
if (StrUtil.isEmpty(serialNo)) {
// 获取商户证书序列号
X509Certificate certificate = PayKit.getCertificate(FileUtil.getInputStream("这里填写公钥路径 也就是apiclient_cert.pem这个文件的路径"));
serialNo = certificate.getSerialNumber().toString(16).toUpperCase();
}
//log.info("serialNo:" + serialNo);
return serialNo;
}
//获取平台证书序列号
private String getPlatSerialNumber() {
if (StrUtil.isEmpty(platSerialNo)) {
// 获取平台证书序列号
X509Certificate certificate = PayKit.getCertificate(FileUtil.getInputStream("这里填写微信平台的公钥证书路径 也就是wechatpay_XXXXX.pem这个文件的路径"));
platSerialNo = certificate.getSerialNumber().toString(16).toUpperCase();
}
//log.info("platSerialNo:" + platSerialNo);
return platSerialNo;
}
- 以上代码中用到的工具类 ↓↓↓↓
RsaKit.java
package org.pay.wechat.tpay;
import cn.hutool.core.codec.Base64;
import cn.hutool.core.util.StrUtil;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
public class RsaKit {
/**
* 加密算法RSA
*/
private static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA";
/**
* 私钥签名
*
* @param data 需要加密的数据
* @param privateKey 私钥
* @return 加密后的数据
* @throws Exception 异常信息
*/
public static String encryptByPrivateKey(String data, PrivateKey privateKey) throws Exception {
java.security.Signature signature = java.security.Signature.getInstance("SHA256WithRSA");
signature.initSign(privateKey);
signature.update(data.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
byte[] signed = signature.sign();
return StrUtil.str(Base64.encode(signed));
}
/**
* 从字符串中加载私钥<br>
* 加载时使用的是PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(PKCS#8编码的Key指令)。
*
* @param privateKeyStr 私钥
* @return {@link PrivateKey}
* @throws Exception 异常信息
*/
public static PrivateKey loadPrivateKey(String privateKeyStr) throws Exception {
try {
byte[] buffer = Base64.decode(privateKeyStr);
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(buffer);
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
return keyFactory.generatePrivate(keySpec);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("无此算法");
} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {
throw new Exception("私钥非法");
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
throw new Exception("私钥数据为空");
}
}
/**
* 公钥验证签名
*
* @param data 需要加密的数据
* @param sign 签名
* @param publicKey 公钥
* @return 验证结果
* @throws Exception 异常信息
*/
public static boolean checkByPublicKey(String data, String sign, PublicKey publicKey) throws Exception {
java.security.Signature signature = java.security.Signature.getInstance("SHA256WithRSA");
signature.initVerify(publicKey);
signature.update(data.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
return signature.verify(Base64.decode(sign.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
}
}
PayKit.java
package org.pay.wechat.tpay;
import cn.hutool.core.codec.Base64;
import cn.hutool.core.io.FileUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.util.CharsetUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.util.StrUtil;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import org.pay.wechat.enums.RequestMethod;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.cert.*;
import java.util.*;
@Slf4j
public class PayKit {
/**
* 获取证书
*
* @param inputStream 证书文件
* @return {@link X509Certificate} 获取证书
*/
public static X509Certificate getCertificate(InputStream inputStream) {
try {
CertificateFactory cf = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X509");
X509Certificate cert = (X509Certificate) cf.generateCertificate(inputStream);
cert.checkValidity();
return cert;
} catch (CertificateExpiredException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("证书已过期", e);
} catch (CertificateNotYetValidException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("证书尚未生效", e);
} catch (CertificateException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("无效的证书", e);
}
}
/**
* 简化的UUID,去掉了横线,使用性能更好的 ThreadLocalRandom 生成UUID
*
* @return 简化的 UUID,去掉了横线
*/
public static String generateStr() {
return IdUtil.fastSimpleUUID();
}
/**
* 构造签名串
*
* @param method {@link RequestMethod} GET,POST,PUT等
* @param url 请求接口 /v3/certificates
* @param timestamp 获取发起请求时的系统当前时间戳
* @param nonceStr 随机字符串
* @param body 请求报文主体
* @return 待签名字符串
*/
public static String buildSignMessage(RequestMethod method, String url, long timestamp, String nonceStr, String body) {
ArrayList<String> arrayList = new ArrayList<>();
arrayList.add(method.toString());
arrayList.add(url);
arrayList.add(String.valueOf(timestamp));
arrayList.add(nonceStr);
arrayList.add(body);
return buildSignMessage(arrayList);
}
/**
* 构造签名串
*
* @param signMessage 待签名的参数
* @return 构造后带待签名串
*/
public static String buildSignMessage(ArrayList<String> signMessage) {
if (signMessage == null || signMessage.size() <= 0) {
return null;
}
StringBuilder sbf = new StringBuilder();
for (String str : signMessage) {
sbf.append(str).append("\n");
}
System.out.println("待签名字符串内容:" + sbf.toString());
System.out.println("待签名字符串长度:" + sbf.toString().length());
return sbf.toString();
}
/**
* v3 接口创建签名
*
* @param signMessage 待签名的参数
* @param keyPath key.pem 证书路径
* @return 生成 v3 签名
* @throws Exception 异常信息
*/
public static String createSign(String signMessage, String keyPath) throws Exception {
if (StrUtil.isEmpty(signMessage)) {
return null;
}
// 获取商户私钥
PrivateKey privateKey = PayKit.getPrivateKey(keyPath);
// 生成签名
return RsaKit.encryptByPrivateKey(signMessage, privateKey);
}
/**
* 获取商户私钥
*
* @param keyPath 商户私钥证书路径
* @return {@link PrivateKey} 商户私钥
* @throws Exception 异常信息
*/
public static PrivateKey getPrivateKey(String keyPath) throws Exception {
String originalKey = FileUtil.readUtf8String(keyPath);
String privateKey = originalKey
.replace("-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----", "")
.replace("-----END PRIVATE KEY-----", "")
.replaceAll("\\s+", "");
return RsaKit.loadPrivateKey(privateKey);
}
/**
* 获取授权认证信息
*
* @param mchId 商户号
* @param serialNo 商户API证书序列号
* @param nonceStr 请求随机串
* @param timestamp 时间戳
* @param signature 签名值
* @param authType 认证类型,目前为WECHATPAY2-SHA256-RSA2048
* @return 请求头 Authorization
*/
public static String getAuthorization(String mchId, String serialNo, String nonceStr, String timestamp, String signature, String authType) {
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>(5);
params.put("mchid", mchId);
params.put("serial_no", serialNo);
params.put("nonce_str", nonceStr);
params.put("timestamp", timestamp);
params.put("signature", signature);
return authType.concat(" ").concat(createLinkString(params, ",", false, true));
}
/**
* @param params 需要排序并参与字符拼接的参数组
* @param encode 是否进行URLEncoder
* @return 拼接后字符串
*/
public static String createLinkString(Map<String, String> params, boolean encode) {
return createLinkString(params, "&", encode);
}
/**
* @param params 需要排序并参与字符拼接的参数组
* @param connStr 连接符号
* @param encode 是否进行URLEncoder
* @return 拼接后字符串
*/
public static String createLinkString(Map<String, String> params, String connStr, boolean encode) {
return createLinkString(params, connStr, encode, false);
}
public static String createLinkString(Map<String, String> params, String connStr, boolean encode, boolean quotes) {
List<String> keys = new ArrayList<>(params.keySet());
Collections.sort(keys);
StringBuilder content = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < keys.size(); i++) {
String key = keys.get(i);
String value = params.get(key);
// 拼接时,不包括最后一个&字符
if (i == keys.size() - 1) {
if (quotes) {
content.append(key).append("=").append('"').append(encode ? urlEncode(value) : value).append('"');
} else {
content.append(key).append("=").append(encode ? urlEncode(value) : value);
}
} else {
if (quotes) {
content.append(key).append("=").append('"').append(encode ? urlEncode(value) : value).append('"').append(connStr);
} else {
content.append(key).append("=").append(encode ? urlEncode(value) : value).append(connStr);
}
}
}
return content.toString();
}
/**
* URL 编码
*
* @param src 需要编码的字符串
* @return 编码后的字符串
*/
public static String urlEncode(String src) {
try {
return URLEncoder.encode(src, CharsetUtil.UTF_8).replace("+", "%20");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
/**
* 构造签名串
*
* @param timestamp 应答时间戳
* @param nonceStr 应答随机串
* @param body 应答报文主体
* @return 应答待签名字符串
*/
public static String buildSignMessage(String timestamp, String nonceStr, String body) {
ArrayList<String> arrayList = new ArrayList<>();
arrayList.add(timestamp);
arrayList.add(nonceStr);
arrayList.add(body);
return buildSignMessage(arrayList);
}
/**
* 公钥加密
*
* @param data 待加密数据
* @param certificate 平台公钥证书
* @return 加密后的数据
* @throws Exception 异常信息
*/
public static String rsaEncryptOAEP(String data, X509Certificate certificate) throws Exception {
try {
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/OAEPWithSHA-1AndMGF1Padding");
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, certificate.getPublicKey());
byte[] dataByte = data.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
byte[] cipherData = cipher.doFinal(dataByte);
return Base64.encode(cipherData);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchPaddingException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("当前Java环境不支持RSA v1.5/OAEP", e);
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("无效的证书", e);
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException | BadPaddingException e) {
throw new IllegalBlockSizeException("加密原串的长度不能超过214字节");
}
}
/**
* 私钥解密
*
* @param cipherText 加密字符
* @param privateKey 私钥
* @return 解密后的数据
* @throws Exception 异常信息
*/
public static String rsaDecryptOAEP(String cipherText, PrivateKey privateKey) throws Exception {
try {
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/OAEPWithSHA-1AndMGF1Padding");
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
byte[] data = Base64.decode(cipherText);
return new String(cipher.doFinal(data), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException | NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("当前Java环境不支持RSA v1.5/OAEP", e);
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("无效的私钥", e);
} catch (BadPaddingException | IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
throw new BadPaddingException("解密失败");
}
}
}
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