Objective-C------NSString、NSMutableString 基本用法总结

NSString
创建
空字符串：NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] init];
基本：NSString *astring = @"This is a String!";
格式化：NSString *astring = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"格式化",字符串];


NSString *str  = @"123456789";
NSString *str1 = @"987456321";


增加：
(1)基本添加
NSString *astring = [str stringByAppendingString:@"qq"]; // 123456789qq
(2)格式化添加
NSString *astring = [str stringByAppendingFormat:@"#%@-%@"，@"A",@"B"]; // 123456789#A-B

修改：
1. 截取
(1)字符串截取
NSString *astring = [str substringFromIndex:1]; //23456789
NSString *astring = [str substringToIndex:1]; //1
NSString *astring = [str substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(1,2)]; //23
(2)字符截取
char ch = [str characterAtIndex:2]//3  长度类型是MUInteger
(3)去掉两端的空格
username = [@" sdfasdf " stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:[NSCharacterSet whitespaceAndNewlineCharacterSet]];


2.替换
NSString *astring = [str stringByReplcingOccurencesOfString:@"23" withString:@"99"];//199456789
3.改类型
int a = [str intValue];
float a = [str floatValue];
4.大小写控制
NSString *astring = [string1 uppercaseString];//大写
    NSString *astring = [string2 lowercaseString];//小写
    NSString *astring = [string2 capitalizedString];//首字母大小




查找：
(1)查两个字符串的大小
int a = [str compare:str1];
int a = [str compare:str1 options:参数1|参数2|参数3]; 
  NSCaseInsensitiveSearch:不区分大小写
  NSLiteralSearch:区分大小写
  NSNumericSearch:比较两个字符串的字符个数
(2)比较两个字符串是否相等
BOOL bo = [str isEquralToString:str1];
(3)前缀，后缀查找
BOOL bo = [str hasPrefix:str1];
BOOL bo = [str hasSuffix:str1];
(4)中间查找
NSRange range = [str rangeOfString:str2]; //判断有没有找到：range.location == NSNotFound
(5)字符串长度
int len = astring.length; 


写入文件
BOOL bo = [str writeToFile:filepath atnomic:YES/NO encoding:1 error:nil];
从文件中读取
NSString *astring = [NSString stringWithContentsOfFile:filepath encoding:1 error:nil];




NSMutableString
创建：
NSMutableString *astring = [NSMutableString string];

NSMutableString *astring = [NSMutableString string];
string = str;

NSMutableString *astring = [NSMutableString stringWithFormat:str];


增加：
NSMutableString *str = [str appendingString:str1];
NSMutableString *str = [str appendingFormat:@"#%@-%@",@"a",@"b"];
NSMutableString *str = [str insertString:str1 atIndex:3];


修改:
替换：
NSRange rang = [str rangeOfString:str2];
NSMutableString *str = [str replaceCharacterInRange:range WithString:str3];


删除：
范围删除
    NSRange rang = {2,3};
    NSMutableString *str = [str deleteCharacterInRange:rang];
字符串删除
    NSRange rang = [str rangeOfString:str2];
    NSMutableString *str = [str deleteCharacterOfIndex:rang];