c语言socket之select模型开发服务器与客户端。

c语言socket之select模型开发服务器与客户端

select模型和poll差不多（只是poll简化了select的一些参数，本质是没有什么区别的）

 

服务端:

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    int server_sockfd, client_sockfd;
    int server_len, client_len;
    struct sockaddr_in server_address;
    struct sockaddr_in client_address;
    int result;
    fd_set readfds, testfds;
    server_sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);//建立服务器端socket 
    server_address.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_address.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    server_address.sin_port = htons(8008);
    server_len = sizeof(server_address);
    bind(server_sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&server_address, server_len);
    listen(server_sockfd, 5); //监听队列最多容纳5个 
    FD_ZERO(&readfds);
    FD_SET(server_sockfd, &readfds);//将服务器端socket加入到集合中
    while(1)
    {
        char ch;
        int fd;
        int nread;
        testfds = readfds;//将需要监视的描述符集copy到select查询队列中，select会对其修改，所以一定要分开使用变量 
        printf("server waiting\n");

        /*无限期阻塞，并测试文件描述符变动 */
        result = select(FD_SETSIZE, &testfds, (fd_set *)0,(fd_set *)0, (struct timeval *) 0); //FD_SETSIZE：系统默认的最大文件描述符
        if(result < 1)
        {
            perror("server5");
            exit(1);
        }

        /*扫描所有的文件描述符*/
        for(fd = 0; fd < FD_SETSIZE; fd++)
        {
            /*找到相关文件描述符*/
            if(FD_ISSET(fd,&testfds))
            {
                /*判断是否为服务器套接字，是则表示为客户请求连接。*/
                if(fd == server_sockfd)
                {
                    client_len = sizeof(client_address);
                    client_sockfd = accept(server_sockfd,
                                           (struct sockaddr *)&client_address, &client_len);
                    FD_SET(client_sockfd, &readfds);//将客户端socket加入到集合中
                    printf("adding client on fd %d\n", client_sockfd);
                }
                    /*客户端socket中有数据请求时*/
                else
                {
                    ioctl(fd, FIONREAD, &nread);//取得数据量交给nread

                    /*客户数据请求完毕，关闭套接字，从集合中清除相应描述符 */
                    if(nread == 0)
                    {
                        close(fd);
                        FD_CLR(fd, &readfds); //去掉关闭的fd
                        printf("removing client on fd %d\n", fd);
                    }
                        /*处理客户数据请求*/
                    else
                    {
                        read(fd, &ch, 1);
                        sleep(5);
                        printf("serving client on fd %d\n", fd);
                        ch++;
                        write(fd, &ch, 1);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

客户端:

//客户端
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/time.h>

int main()
{
    int client_sockfd;
    int len;
    struct sockaddr_in address;//服务器端网络地址结构体
    int result;
    char ch = 'A';
    client_sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);//建立客户端socket
    address.sin_family = AF_INET;
    address.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
    address.sin_port = htons(8008);
    len = sizeof(address);
    result = connect(client_sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, len);
    if(result == -1)
    {
        perror("oops: client2");
        exit(1);
    }
    //第一次读写
    write(client_sockfd, &ch, 1);
    read(client_sockfd, &ch, 1);
    printf("the first time: char from server = %c\n", ch);
    sleep(5);

    //第二次读写
    write(client_sockfd, &ch, 1);
    read(client_sockfd, &ch, 1);
    printf("the second time: char from server = %c\n", ch);

    close(client_sockfd);

    return 0;
}