86.配置IPV6过渡技术——隧道技术: 手动隧道IPv6 over IPv4

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前言

在这里插入图片描述

一、实验目的

R1的Lo 0的IPV6地址穿越手动隧道与R3的Lo 0的IPV6地址通信
置 IPv6 over IPv4 手动隧道
在这里插入图片描述

二、基础配置

1.路由器相关地址

R1

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]int g0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 30

[Huawei]ipv6 
[Huawei]int lo 0
[Huawei-LoopBack0]ipv	
[Huawei-LoopBack0]ipv6 add	
[Huawei-LoopBack0]ipv6 address 3001:DB8:1::1/128

[Huawei-Tunnel0/0/0]ip 	
[Huawei-Tunnel0/0/0]ipv6 enable 
[Huawei-Tunnel0/0/0]ipv6 address 2001:DB8:1::1/64

R3

[Huawei]int lo 0
[Huawei-LoopBack0]ipv6 address 3002:DB9:1::1/128

[Huawei]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[Huawei-Tunnel0/0/0]ipv6 enable 
[Huawei-Tunnel0/0/0]ipv6  address 2001:DB8:1::2/64

2.配置 IPv6 over IPv4 手动隧道

R1

建立R1-R3的隧道
[Huawei]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[Huawei-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol ipv6-ipv4
[Huawei-Tunnel0/0/0]source 12.1.1.1
[Huawei-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 23.1.1.2

静态路由
[Huawei]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 12.1.1.2

让目的地IPv6地址走隧道
[Huawei]ipv6 route-static 3002:DB9:1::1 128 Tunnel 0/0/0

R3

Huawei]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[Huawei-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol ipv6-ipv4 
[Huawei-Tunnel0/0/0]source 23.1.1.2 
[Huawei-Tunnel0/0/0]description 12.1.1.1

[Huawei]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 23.1.1.1
[Huawei]ipv6 route-static 3001:DB8:1::1 128 Tunnel 0/0/0


[Huawei]ping ipv6 -a 3002:DB9:1::1 3001:DB8:1::1
  PING 3001:DB8:1::1 : 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 3001:DB8:1::1 
    bytes=56 Sequence=1 hop limit=64  time = 50 ms
    Reply from 3001:DB8:1::1 
    bytes=56 Sequence=2 hop limit=64  time = 20 ms
    Reply from 3001:DB8:1::1 
    bytes=56 Sequence=3 hop limit=64  time = 20 ms
    Reply from 3001:DB8:1::1 
    bytes=56 Sequence=4 hop limit=64  time = 20 ms
    Reply from 3001:DB8:1::1 
    bytes=56 Sequence=5 hop limit=64  time = 20 ms
---
<Huawei>dis ipv6 routing-table 3002:DB9:1::1
Routing Table : 
Summary Count : 1

 Destination  : 3002:DB9:1::1                   PrefixLength : 128
 NextHop      : 2001:DB8:1::1                   Preference   : 60
 Cost         : 0                               Protocol     : Static
 RelayNextHop : ::                              TunnelID     : 0x0
 Interface    : Tunnel0/0/0                     Flags        : D


总结 又是一天的ping不通

查看配置没看到问题,查看两编路由表
R1可以查看到路由

<Huawei>dis ipv6 routing-table 3002:DB9:1::1
Routing Table : 
Summary Count : 1

 Destination  : 3002:DB9:1::1                   PrefixLength : 128
 NextHop      : 2001:DB8:1::1                   Preference   : 60
 Cost         : 0                               Protocol     : Static
 RelayNextHop : ::                              TunnelID     : 0x0
 Interface    : Tunnel0/0/0                     Flags        : D

R3却没看到对端的R1的路由。可以ping下tunnel帮助排障,没ping通最后其实还是没发现问题,怀疑R3的tunnel配置,重新配置 +静态 好了………………(可能是地址问题 )
ping下tunnel

[Huawei]ping ipv6 2001:DB8:1::2
  PING 2001:DB8:1::2 : 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 2001:DB8:1::2 
    bytes=56 Sequence=1 hop limit=64  time = 1 ms
    Reply from 2001:DB8:1::2 
    bytes=56 Sequence=2 hop limit=64  time = 1 ms
    Reply from 2001:DB8:1::2 
    bytes=56 Sequence=3 hop limit=64  time = 1 ms
    Reply from 2001:DB8:1::2 
    bytes=56 Sequence=4 hop limit=64  time = 1 ms
    Reply from 2001:DB8:1::2 
    bytes=56 Sequence=5 hop limit=64  time = 1 ms

[Huawei]ping ipv6 -a 2001:DB8:1::2 2001:DB8:1::1
  PING 2001:DB8:1::1 : 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 2001:DB8:1::1 
    bytes=56 Sequence=1 hop limit=64  time = 30 ms
    Reply from 2001:DB8:1::1 
    bytes=56 Sequence=2 hop limit=64  time = 40 ms
    Reply from 2001:DB8:1::1 
    bytes=56 Sequence=3 hop limit=64  time = 30 ms
    Reply from 2001:DB8:1::1 
    bytes=56 Sequence=4 hop limit=64  time = 30 ms
    Reply from 2001:DB8:1::1 
    bytes=56 Sequence=5 hop limit=64  time = 30 ms

可以查看到有两个IP报头,V4在外面
在这里插入图片描述

第1章 IPv6基础配置.............................................................................................................1-1 1.1 IPv6简介............................................................................................................................1-1 1.1.1 IPv6协议特点..........................................................................................................1-1 1.1.2 IPv6地址介绍..........................................................................................................1-3 1.1.3 IPv6邻居发现协议介绍...........................................................................................1-6 1.1.4 IPv6 PMTU发现.......................................................................................................1-8 1.1.5 IPv6 DNS简介.........................................................................................................1-9 1.1.6 协议规范..................................................................................................................1-9 1.2 配置IPv6基本功能...........................................................................................................1-10 1.2.1 使能IPv6功能........................................................................................................1-10 1.2.2 配置IPv6单播地址.................................................................................................1-10 1.3 配置IPv6邻居发现协议....................................................................................................1-12 1.3.1 配置静态邻居表项..................................................................................................1-12 1.3.2 配置接口上允许动态学习的邻居的最大个数..........................................................1-12 1.3.3 配置RA消息的相关参数.........................................................................................1-12 1.3.4 配置重复地址检测时发送邻居请求消息的次数......................................................1-15 1.4 配置PMTU发现................................................................................................................1-15 1.4.1 配置指定地址的静态PMTU....................................................................................1-15 1.4.2 配置PMTU老化时间..............................................................................................1-15 1.5 配置TCP6.........................................................................................................................1-16 1.6 配置IPv6 FIB转发功能.....................................................................................................1-17 1.7 配置指定时间内发送ICMPv6差错报文的最大个数..........................................................1-17 1.8 配置IPv6 DNS..................................................................................................................1-18 1.8.1 配置静态IPv6 DNS................................................................................................1-18 1.8.2 配置动态IPv6 DNS................................................................................................1-18 1.9 IPv6基础显示和维护........................................................................................................1-19 1.10 IPv6基础典型配置举例..................................................................................................1-20 第2章 IPv6应用配置.............................................................................................................2-1 2.1 IPv6应用简介.....................................................................................................................2-1 2.2 Ping IPv6操作....................................................................................................................2-1 2.3 Traceroute IPv6操作.........................................................................................................2-1 2.4 TFTP IPv6操作..................................................................................................................2-2 2.4.1 配置准备..................................................................................................................2-3 2.4.2 TFTP配置................................................................................................................2-3 H3C S3610&S5510 系列以太网交换机 操作手册 IPv6 配置 目 录 ii 2.5 Telnet IPv6操作.................................................................................................................2-4 2.5.1 配置准备..................................................................................................................2-4 2.5.2 建立IPv6 Telnet连接................................................................................................2-4 2.5.3 IPv6 Telnet显示.......................................................................................................2-4 2.6 IPv6应用典型配置举例......................................................................................................2-5 2.6.1 组网需求..................................................................................................................2-5 2.6.2 组网图......................................................................................................................2-5 2.6.3 配置步骤..................................................................................................................2-5 2.7 IPv6应用故障诊断与排除..................................................................................................2-7 2.7.1 无法Ping通远端的目的地址.....................................................................................2-7 2.7.2 无法实现Traceroute................................................................................................2-7 2.7.3 无法实现TFTP.........................................................................................................2-7 2.7.4 无法实现Telnet........................................................................................................2-8 第3章 双协议栈配置..............................................................................................................3-1 3.1 过渡技术简介.....................................................................................................................3-1 3.2 双协议栈简介.....................................................................................................................3-1 3.3 配置双协议栈.....................................................................................................................3-2 3.3.1 配置设备运行时支持IPv4/IPv6双协议栈模式..........................................................3-2 3.3.2 配置双协议栈...........................................................................................................3-2 3.4 显示设备运行模式..............................................................................................................3-3 第4章 隧道技术配置..............................................................................................................4-1 4.1 隧道技术简介.....................................................................................................................4-1 4.1.1 IPv6 in iPv4隧道原理..............................................................................................4-1 4.1.2 配置隧道和自动隧道................................................................................................4-2 4.1.3 IPv6 in IPv4隧道模式..............................................................................................4-2 4.1.4 快速终结..................................................................................................................4-3 4.2 隧道技术配置任务简介.......................................................................................................4-4 4.3 配置手动隧道.....................................................................................................................4-4 4.3.1 配置准备..................................................................................................................4-4 4.3.2 配置手动隧道...........................................................................................................4-5 4.3.3 配置举例..................................................................................................................4-6 4.4 配置IPv4兼容IPv6自动隧道..............................................................................................4-8 4.4.1 配置准备..................................................................................................................4-8 4.4.2 配置IPv4兼容IPv6自动隧道...................................................................................4-8 4.4.3 配置举例..................................................................................................................4-9 4.5 配置6to4隧道..................................................................................................................4-12 4.5.1 配置准备................................................................................................................4-12 4.5.2 配置6to4隧道.......................................................................................................4-12 4.5.3 配置举例................................................................................................................4-13 H3C S3610&S5510 系列以太网交换机 操作手册 IPv6 配置 目 录 iii 4.6 配置ISATAP隧道..............................................................................................................4-16 4.6.1 配置准备................................................................................................................4-16 4.6.2 配置ISATAP隧道...................................................................................................4-16 4.6.3 配置举例................................................................................................................4-18 4.7 隧道技术显示...................................................................................................................4-20 4.8 常见错误配置举例............................................................................................................4-20
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