c#面向对象基础-CSDN博客

多态性.cs

using System;
class Car
{
public virtual void Drive()
{ Console.WriteLine("Drive Car"); }
}
class Truck : Car
{
public override void Drive()
{ Console.WriteLine("Drive Truck"); }
}
class Client
{
public static void Main()
{
Car c = new Truck();
c.Drive(); //多态性决定着将调用Truck的Drive方法
}
}
字段与属性.cs

using System;

class Account
{
private double balance = 0;  //字段
public double Balance   //属性
{
  get { return balance; }
  //set { balance = value;}
   set { }
}
/*=============================================================
* 我们可以通过修改get、set方法达到控制存取的目的。
* 例如：
*
* 1)只读属性
* public double Balance   //属性
* {
*    get { return balance; }
*    set { }
* }
*
* 2)读写控制
* public double Balance
* {
*    get
*    {
*       if(Console.ReadLine()=="1234")
*          return balance;
*       else
*          return -9999999;
*    }
*    set { }
* }
* =============================================================
*/

public void Deposit(double n)
{ this.balance += n; }

public void WithDraw(double n)
{ this.balance -= n; }
}

class Client
{
public static void Main()
{
  Account a = new Account();
  a.Balance = 1000; // 可以读写属性，因为属性Balance是public型的
  //a.balance = 1000; //不可以读写字段，因为字段balance是private型的

  a.WithDraw(500);
  a.Deposit(2000);
  Console.WriteLine(a.Balance);
}
}
使用接口排序(1).cs

using System;

using System.Collections;

public class Person : IComparable

{

public int ID;

public string Rank;

public Person(int id, string rank)

{ this.ID=id; this.Rank = rank; }

#region IComparable Members

* IComparable 接口只有一个方法: CompareTo。CompareTo方法

* 只接收一个object类型的参数，这意味着它可以接收任何类

* 型的数据（object是所有类的父类），这个方法会返回一

* 整型数值，含义如下：

* 1) 小于零，当前实例（this）小于obj对象

* 2) 等于零，当前实例（this）等于obj对象

* 3) 大于零，当前实例（this）大于obj对象

* Int32,Int16...,String,Decimal等数据类型都已经实现了IComparable接口

public int CompareTo(object obj)

{

Person p = (Person)obj;

return this.ID.CompareTo(p.ID);

}

#endregion

}

class SortArrayList

{

static void Main(string[] args)

{

ArrayList list = new ArrayList();

list.Add(new Person(6, "排长"));

list.Add(new Person(3, "团长"));

list.Add(new Person(4, "司令"));

list.Add(new Person(5, "旅长"));

list.Add(new Person(7, "连长"));

list.Add(new Person(1, "军长"));

list.Add(new Person(2, "营长"));

list.Add(new Person(8, "师长"));

list.Sort();

Console.WriteLine("After Sorting");

foreach (Person person in list)

{

Console.WriteLine("ID: " + person.ID.ToString() + ", Rank: " + person.Rank);

}

使用接口排序(2).cs

using System;

using System.Collections;

public enum enuSortOrder

{IDAsc, IDDesc, RankAsc, RankDesc}

public class Person : IComparable

{

public static enuSortOrder intSortOrder = enuSortOrder.IDAsc;

public int ID;

public string Rank;

public Person(int id, string rank)

{ this.ID=id; this.Rank = rank; }

#region IComparable Members

* IComparable 接口只有一个方法: CompareTo。CompareTo方法

* 只接收一个object类型的参数，这意味着它可以接收任何类

* 型的数据（object是所有类的父类），这个方法会返回一

* 整型数值，含义如下：

* 1) 小于零，当前实例（this）小于obj对象

* 2) 等于零，当前实例（this）等于obj对象

* 3) 大于零，当前实例（this）大于obj对象

* Int32,Int16...,String,Decimal等数据类型都已经实现了IComparable接口

public int CompareTo(object obj)

{

Person p = (Person)obj;

switch ((int)intSortOrder)

{

case (int)enuSortOrder.IDAsc:

return this.ID.CompareTo(p.ID);

case (int)enuSortOrder.IDDesc:

return p.ID.CompareTo(this.ID);

case (int)enuSortOrder.RankAsc:

return RankCompare(this.Rank, p.Rank);

case (int)enuSortOrder.RankDesc:

return RankCompare(p.Rank, this.Rank);

default:

return this.ID.CompareTo(p.ID);

}

private int RankCompare(string rank1, string rank2)

{

int intRank1 = ConvertRankToInt(rank1);

int intRank2 = ConvertRankToInt(rank2);

if(intRank1 < intRank2)

return -1;

else if(intRank1 == intRank2)

return 0;

else

return 1;

}

private int ConvertRankToInt(string rank)

{

if(rank == "司令")

return 8;

else if(rank == "军长")

return 7;

else if(rank == "师长")

return 6;

else if(rank == "旅长")

return 5;

else if(rank == "团长")

return 4;

else if(rank == "营长")

return 3;

else if(rank == "连长")

return 2;

else

return 1;

}

#endregion

}

class SortArrayList

{

static void Main(string[] args)

{

ArrayList list = new ArrayList();

list.Add(new Person(6, "排长"));

list.Add(new Person(3, "团长"));

list.Add(new Person(4, "司令"));

list.Add(new Person(5, "旅长"));

list.Add(new Person(7, "连长"));

list.Add(new Person(1, "军长"));

list.Add(new Person(2, "营长"));

list.Add(new Person(8, "师长"));

list.Sort();

Console.WriteLine("Sort By ID Asc:");

foreach (Person person in list)

{

Console.WriteLine("ID: " + person.ID.ToString() + ", Rank: " + person.Rank);

}

Console.WriteLine("----------------------------");

Console.WriteLine("Sort By ID Desc:");

Person.intSortOrder = enuSortOrder.IDDesc;

list.Sort();

foreach (Person person in list)

{

Console.WriteLine("ID: " + person.ID.ToString() + ", Rank: " + person.Rank);

}

Console.WriteLine("----------------------------");

Console.WriteLine("Sort By Rank Asc:");

Person.intSortOrder = enuSortOrder.RankAsc;

list.Sort();

foreach (Person person in list)

{

Console.WriteLine("ID: " + person.ID.ToString() + ", Rank: " + person.Rank);

}

Console.WriteLine("----------------------------");

Console.WriteLine("Sort By Rank Desc:");

Person.intSortOrder = enuSortOrder.RankDesc;

list.Sort();

foreach (Person person in list)

{

Console.WriteLine("ID: " + person.ID.ToString() + ", Rank: " + person.Rank);

}

构造函数.cs

using System;

public class Person

{

public string name = "";

public int age = 0;

//默认构造函数

public Person()

{

}

//构造函数重载(1)

public Person(int Age)

{

this.age = Age;

}

//构造函数重载(2)

public Person(int Age, string Name)

{

this.age = Age;

this.name = Name;

}

public void ShowInfo()

{

Console.WriteLine("The name is : " + name);

Console.WriteLine("The age is:" + age);

}

class Client

{

public static void Main()

{

Person p1 = new Person();

p1.ShowInfo();

Console.WriteLine("==========================");

Person p2 = new Person(30);

p2.ShowInfo();

Console.WriteLine("==========================");

Person p3 = new Person(30, "Tom");

p3.ShowInfo();

}

传值调用与引用调用.cs

using System;

class MethodCall
{
public static void Main()
{
/

   * 参数类型分为 in, ref, out 三种，默认为 in。
   * in 类型在子方法中修改了对应变量后，主方法中的值不会发生改变。
   * ref 类型在子方法中修改了对应变量后，主方法中的值也会发生改变。
   * out 主方法中对应的变量不需要初始化。
  *
  */
  int a = 3, b = 4, c;
  Console.WriteLine("Before Method Call : a = {0}, b = {1}, c 未赋值", a, b);
  AMethod(a, ref b, out c);
  Console.WriteLine("After Method Call : a = {0}, b = {1}, c = {2}", a, b, c);
}

public static void AMethod(int x, ref int y, out int z)
{
  x = 7;
  y = 8;
  z = 9;
}
}

属性、方法作用范围.cs

using System;

class Base

{

* public 的可访问范围是所有类

* private 的可访问范围是当前类

* protected 的可访问范围是当前类及其子类

public string name = "Tom";

private double salary = 1500;

protected int age = 20;

public virtual void ShowInfo()

{

Console.WriteLine(this.name); //可以，因为name是 public 型的

Console.WriteLine(this.salary); //可以，salary是private型，在Base类中可以访问

Console.WriteLine(this.age); //可以，因为age是protected型，在子类中可以访问

}

class Derived : Base

{

public override void ShowInfo()

{

Console.WriteLine(this.name); //可以，因为name是 public 型的

//Console.WriteLine(this.salary); //不可以，salary是private型，超出Base就无法访问

Console.WriteLine(this.age); //可以，因为age是protected型，在子类中可以访问

}

class Client

{

public static void Main()

{

Base b = new Base();

Console.WriteLine(b.name); //可以，因为name是 public 型的

//Console.WriteLine(this.salary); //不可以，salary是private型，超出Base就无法访问

//Console.WriteLine(this.age); //不可以，因为age是protected型，Client不是Base的子类

Console.WriteLine("==========================");

b.ShowInfo();

Console.WriteLine("==========================");

Derived d = new Derived();

d.ShowInfo();

}

静态与非静态.cs

using System;

class StaticHello

{

public static void SayHello()

{ Console.WriteLine("Static Hello"); }

}

class NonStaticHello

{

public void SayHello()

{ Console.WriteLine("Non Static Hello"); }

}

class Client

{

public static void Main()

{

//静态方法调用应当使用 “类名.方法”

StaticHello.SayHello();

//非静态方法调用应当使用 “实例名称.方法”

NonStaticHello h = new NonStaticHello();

h.SayHello();

}

一加到一百.cs

using System;

class SumToHundred
{
public static void Main()
{
  int sum=0;
  for(int i=1; i<=100; i++)
   sum += i;
  Console.WriteLine(sum);
}
}
九九表.cs

using System;

public class JiuJiuBiao
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
  int i,j;
  for(i=1; i<10; i++)
  {
   for(j=1; j<10; j++)
   {
    Console.Write("{0:D1}*{1:D1}={2,2} ", i, j, i*j);
   }
   Console.WriteLine("");
  }
  Console.ReadLine();
}
}