OCP 1Z0 053 90

90.View the exhibit and examine the output. Which statement can be an inference from the output? 
Exhibit: 

A. The FRA disk group has an asynchronous I/O bottleneck 
B. The least number of I/Os are performed on the last data file in the list 
C. The number of times that the backup or restore process directed the OS to wait until an I/O was 
complete is the highest for the last data file in the list 
D. The number of times that the backup or restore process made an OS call to poll for I/O completion in 
Nonblocking mode is the least for the FRA disk group 

Answer: A 

图太模糊了，只有先补充下异步I/O的相关的一点知识。

http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/backup.112/e10642/rcmtunin.htm#BRADV90068

Synchronous and Asynchronous Disk I/O

When a channel reads from or writes to disk, the I/O is either synchronous I/O or asynchronous I/O. When the disk I/O is synchronous, a server process can perform only one task at a time. When the disk I/O is asynchronous, a server process can begin an I/O operation and then perform other work while waiting for the I/O to complete. RMAN can also begin multiple I/O operations before waiting for the first to complete.

When reading from an ASM disk group, you should use asynchronous disk I/O if possible. Also, if a channel reads from a raw device managed with a volume manager, then asynchronous disk I/O also works well. Some operating systems support native asynchronous disk I/O. The database takes advantage of this feature if it is available.