classmates = ['Michael', 'Bob', 'Tracy']
L = ['Michael', 100, True]
empty_list = []
L = ['Adam', 'Lisa', 'Bart']
print L[0]
Adam
print L[1]
Lisa
print L[3]
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
IndexError: list index out of range
L = ['Adam', 'Lisa', 'Bart']
print L[-2]
Lisa
print L[-3]
Adam
print L[-4]
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
IndexError: list index out of range
L = ['Adam', 'Lisa', 'Bart']
L.append('Paul')
print L
['Adam', 'Lisa', 'Bart', 'Paul']
L = ['Adam', 'Lisa', 'Bart']
L.insert(0, 'Paul')
print L
['Paul', 'Adam', 'Lisa', 'Bart']
L = ['Adam', 'Lisa', 'Bart', 'Paul']
L.pop()
'Paul'
L = ['Adam', 'Lisa', 'Paul', 'Bart']
L.pop(2)
'Paul'
L = ['Adam', 'Lisa', 'Bart']
L[2] = 'Paul'
print L
L = ['Adam', 'Lisa', 'Paul']
t = ('Adam', 'Lisa', 'Bart')
t = (1,) #防止和t=(1)混淆
print t
(1,)
t = () #空tuple
print t
()
t = ('a', 'b', ['A', 'B'])
L = t[2]#获取tuple的第三个元素
L[0] = 'X' #修改list的元素
L[1] = 'Y'
print t
('a', 'b', ['X', 'Y'])
d = {
'Adam': 95,
'Lisa': 85,
'Bart': 59
}
len(d) #使用len()函数计算集合的大小
3
d = {
'Adam': 95,
'Lisa': 85,
'Bart': 59
}
print d['Adam']
95
print d['Paul'] #注意:key不存在时,会报错
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "index.py", line 11, in <module>
print d['Paul']
KeyError: 'Paul'
if 'Paul' in d:
print d['Paul']
d = {
'Adam': 95,
'Lisa': 85,
'Bart': 59
}
print d.get('Bart')
59
print d.get('Paul')
None
{
'123': [1, 2, 3], # key 是 str,value是list
123: '123', # key 是 int,value 是 str
('a', 'b'): True # key 是 tuple,并且tuple的每个元素都是不可变对象,value是 boolean
}
d = {
'Adam': 95,
'Lisa': 85,
'Bart': 59
}
d['Paul'] = 72
print d
{'Lisa': 85, 'Paul': 72, 'Adam': 95, 'Bart': 59}
d['Bart'] = 60 #key已经存在
print d
{'Lisa': 85, 'Paul': 72, 'Adam': 95, 'Bart': 60}
d = {
'Adam': 95,
'Lisa': 85,
'Bart': 59
}
for key in d:
print key,':',d[key]
s = set(['A', 'B', 'C'])
print s
set(['A', 'C', 'B'])
s = set(['A', 'B', 'C', 'C'])
print s
set(['A', 'C', 'B'])
len(s)
3
s = set(['Adam', 'Lisa', 'Bart', 'Paul'])
'Bart' in s
True
'Bill' in s
False
'bart' in s #注意大小写
False
weekdays = set(['MON', 'TUE', 'WED', 'THU', 'FRI', 'SAT', 'SUN'])
x = '???' # 用户输入的字符串
if x in weekdays:
print 'input ok'
else:
print 'input error'
s = set(['Adam', 'Lisa', 'Bart'])
for name in s:
print name
Lisa
Adam
Bart #元素顺序是不同的
s = set([('Adam', 95), ('Lisa', 85), ('Bart', 59)])
for name,score in s:
print name,':',score
s = set([1, 2, 3])
s.add(4)
print s
set([1, 2, 3, 4])
s = set([1, 2, 3])
s.add(3) #如果添加元素已存在,add()不会报错,但是不会加入进去
print s
set([1, 2, 3])
s = set([1, 2, 3, 4])
s.remove(4)
print s
set([1, 2, 3])
s = set([1, 2, 3])
s.remove(4) #删除不存在则会报错
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
KeyError: 4
总结:用add()可以直接添加,用remove()前需要判断
译者介绍:家华,从事mysqlDBA的工作,记录自己的一些总结