python—基础—列表（list）

list 

 

  取0到2的数据

  a[开始位:结束位:模式]

  模式为“1”：从左到右一位一位的取

  模式为“2”：从左到右隔一位的取

  模式为“-1”：从右到左一位一位的取

  模式为“-2”：从右到左隔一位的取

Python

# __author:"jiangmin"
# __date: 2019-06-05

a = ['zhangsa','lisi','wangwu','maliu''chenqi','zhouba','gejiu']

#  列表功能 增删改查

#  切片
print(a[0:3])

   程序输出效果如下：

Python

['zhangsa', 'lisi', 'wangwu']

     从左到右取到最后

Python

a = ['zhangsa','lisi','wangwu','maliu''chenqi','zhouba','gejiu']
print(a[1:])

    从左到右取到倒数第二个值

Python

a = ['zhangsa','lisi','wangwu','maliu''chenqi','zhouba','gejiu']
print(a[1:-1])

    从左到右一个一个的取

Python

a = ['zhangsa','lisi','wangwu','maliu''chenqi','zhouba','gejiu']
print(a[1::1])

   从左到右隔一个值去取

Python

a = ['zhangsa','lisi','wangwu','maliu''chenqi','zhouba','gejiu']
print(a[1::2])

   从右到左

Python

a = ['zhangsa','lisi','wangwu','maliu''chenqi','zhouba','gejiu']
print(a[5::-1])

 

添加     append，insert

 

    append   将数据添加到列表“a“的最后一个位置

Python

a = ['zhangsa','lisi','wangwu','maliu''chenqi','zhouba','gejiu']
print(a)
a.append('wangyiyi')
print(a)

    insert   将数据添加到列表的任意位置

Python

a = ['zhangsa','lisi','wangwu','maliu''chenqi','zhouba','gejiu']
print(a)
insert(1,'wangyiyi')
print(a)

修改   

     修改单个值

Python

a = ['zhangsa','lisi','wangwu','maliu''chenqi','zhouba','gejiu']
print(a)
a[1]='wangyiyi'
print(a)

     修改某个范围的值

     a

Python

a = ['zhangsa','lisi','wangwu','maliu''chenqi','zhouba','gejiu']
print(a)
a[1:3] = ['a','b']
print(a)

删除     remove   pop   del

 

    remove 第一种

Python

a = ['zhangsa','lisi','wangwu','maliu''chenqi','zhouba','gejiu']
print(a)
a.remove(a[0])
print(a)

    remove 第二种

Python

a = ['zhangsa','lisi','wangwu','maliu''chenqi','zhouba','gejiu']
print(a)
a.remove('zhangsan')
print(a)

    pop  删除列表中的某个值并将值返回

Python

a = ['zhangsa','lisi','wangwu','maliu''chenqi','zhouba','gejiu']
print(a)
b = a.pop(1)
print(a)

    del  可以删除列表中的某个值也可以删除整个列表

Python

a = ['zhangsa','lisi','wangwu','maliu''chenqi','zhouba','gejiu']
print(a)
del a[0]
print(a)
del a
print(a)

 

 

判断是否是列表

Python

a = ['wangyiyi','lier','zhangsan','lisi','wangwu','chengliu','lier']
type(a) is list

 

统计某个数据在列表中出现的次数   count

Python

a = ['to','to','or','not','be','or'].count（'to'）     #count  计数
print(a)
a = ['to','to','or','not','be','or']
print(a)
b = a.count('to')
print(b)

将列表b的数据添加到列表a    extend

Python

a = [1,2,3]
b = [4,5,6]
print(a)
print(b)
a.extend(b)
print(a)
print(b)

查询某个元素在列表中的位置  index

Python

a = ['wangyiyi','liuer','zhangsan','lisi','wangwu','chengliu','liuer']
print(a.index('wangyiyi'))
#在有重复数据的列表中取第二个数据
a = ['wangyiyi','lier','zhangsan','lisi','wangwu','chengliu','lier']
first_le_index = a.index('lier')        #first 第一 ，第一个李二的位置
print('first_lg_index',first_le_index)
little_list = a[first_le_index+1:]          #little小，小列表   小列表的数据从列表第2位开始
print(little_list)
second_le_index = little_list.index('lier')
print('second_le_index',second_le_index)

second_le_index_in_big_list =first_le_index + second_le_index +1       #将小列表加上第一个李二位置数加1等于第二个李二的位置
print('second le:',second_le_index_in_big_list)

将列表数据逆序排序

Python

a = ['wangyiyi','lier','zhangsan','lisi','wangwu','chengliu','lier']
print(a)
a.reverse()
print(a)

Python

将数据进行排序   x = [1,5,3,4,2]
a = ['wangyiyi','lier','zhangsan','lisi','wangwu','chengliu','lier']
a.sort()
x.sort()
print(x)
x.sort(reverse = True)           #从小到大排序
print(x)
print(a)

查询某个数据是否在列表    print

Python

a = ['wangyiyi','lier','zhangsan','lisi','wangwu','chengliu','lier']
print('lier' in a)        #查‘李二’在不在列表里面

Python

a = ['wangyiyi','lier','zhangsan','lisi','wangwu','chengliu','lier']
print(type(a) is list)

查询列表有多少个元素   len

Python

a = ['wangyiyi','lier','zhangsan','lisi','wangwu','chengliu','lier']
print(len(a))

 

列表的嵌套

例如：

例1

Python

a = [[1,2,3,4],['b','c','d']]
print(a)

效果

Python

[[1, 2, 3, 4], ['b', 'c', 'd']]

例2 （将列表‘a’的第一个列表内第1位数据打印出来）

Python

a = [[1,2,3,4],['b','c','d']]
print(a[0][1])

效果如下：

Python

2