linux中离线安装mysql5.7

离线安装mysql5.7

1.检查是否安装其他的mysql

rpm -qa|grep -i mysql
# 卸载命令：rpm –ev {包名}
# 查找老版本mysql相关的安装目录命令：find / -name mysql
# 若查找到相关目录使用命令删除目录：rm –rf {目录名}：

2.检查是否有mariadb数据库

rpm -qa|grep mariadb
# 删除
rpm -e --nodeps ************** 

3.mysql存放目录/usr/local/mysql

• 下载源码

  • https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads
  • 选择5.7.24-linux-Generic-64bit
  • Compressed TAR Archive-Download

• 查看系统环境uname -a

• 查看是几位系统getconf LONG_BIT

• 创建文件夹放置

mkdir /sdtech
cd /sdtech
# 解压
tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
# 移动并修改名字
 mv mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

4.创建主目录(data:存储目录)

mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data

5.主目录权限处理

• 创建mysql用户和组
  • 保证了mysql服务的独立性，即便mysql服务被黑掉，得到了mysql用户权限，也不会影响整个系统的安全
• 查看组和用户情况cat /etc/group | grep mysql
  查看组和用户情况：cat /etc/passwd |grep mysql
  • 存在则删除原mysql用户userdel -r mysql
  • 再依次查看
• 创建mysql组groupadd mysql
• 创建mysql用户useradd -r -g mysql mysql
• 修改目录拥有者chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

6.配置文件及相关目录

• vi /etc/my.cnf
  • 不存在则创建/etc/my.cnf
  • 保存退出wq!

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It‘s a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

port = 3306

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

pid-file=/tmp/mysqld/mysqld.pid

character-set-server = utf8

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

• 创建文件/tmp/mysql.sock
  • cd /tmp/
  • touch mysql.sock
  • chown mysql:mysql mysql.sock
  • chmod 755 mysql.sock
• 创建文件/tmp/mysqld/mysqld.pid
  • mkdir mysqld
  • touch /tmp/mysqld/mysqld.pid
  • chown -R mysql:mysql mysqld
  • cd mysqld
  • chmod 755 mysqld.pid
• 创建文件/var/log/mysqld.log
  • touch /var/log/mysqld.log
  • chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log
  • cd /var/log
  • chmod 755 mysqld.log

6.安装和初始化数据库

6.1.进入mysql的bin目录下

+ cd /usr/local/mysql/bin

6.2.初始化数据库

./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data 

6.2.1如果报错

./mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

• 到该网站下载缺少的rpm文件
  • Ctrl+F 查看libaio
• 缺啥补啥
• 删除mysql的data目录下的文件后再执行初始化

7.安全启动

• 启动
  • cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
  • ./mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
  • 查看是否成功ps -ef | grep mysql
• 查看密码cat /var/log/mysqld.log
  • 其中root@localhost:后面的即密码
• 登陆msyql
  • ./mysql -uroot -p密码
• 修改密码(必须)
  • set password=password(“root”);

8.设置开机自启

• 添加到开机自启

cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
# 查看是否成功
ll /etc/init.d/
# 查看mysql服务是否在服务配置中
chkconfig --list mysql

• 若不成功则注册为开机启动服务
  • chkconfig --add mysql
  • chkconfig --list mysql
• 启动或者停止
  • systemctl mysql start
  • systemctl mysql stop

9.mysql全局使用

• ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin