Centos7 源码安装 MySQL5.7与一键脚本安装

1.手动下载安装

# 具体版本可在 https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html 页面查看
cd /root
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

# 解压
tar xvfz mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

# 移动
mv mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql

# 补全一些目录
mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data
mkdir /var/log/mysql

# 创建用户
useradd mysql

# 修改权限
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql

# 安装依赖,否则报 libaio.so.1 找不到
yum -y install libaio*

# 安装
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize

配置 /etc/my.cnf

cat <<EOF > /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
user=mysql
port=3306
character-set-server=utf8
# 取消密码验证
skip-grant-tables
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
EOF

 快捷方式和自动重启

# 添加快捷方式
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump /usr/bin

# 将mysql加入服务
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

# 开机自启
chkconfig mysql on

# 开启
systemctl start mysql

# 进入MySQL，设置密码
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p

重设密码

开始MySQL操作

use mysql;
update user set authentication_string=password('root') where user='root';
flush privileges;
exit;

调整配置文件 /etc/my.cnf

将/etc/my.cnf中的skip-grant-tables删除

vi /etc/my.cnf

:%s/skip-grant-tables/# skip-grant-tables/g
:wq

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -proot

登录再次设置一次

登录再次设置一次，不执行这一步好像有登录不了的问题

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root';
exit;

允许root用户在一个特定的IP进行远程登录，并具有所有库任何操作权限，具体操作如下：

在本机先使用root用户登录mysql：

mysql -u root -p"youpassword"

进行授权操作：

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"172.16.16.152" IDENTIFIED BY "youpassword" WITH GRANT OPTION;

重载授权表：

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

退出mysql数据库：

exit

允许root用户在任何IP进行远程登录，并具有所有库任何操作权限，具体操作如下：

在本机先使用root用户登录mysql：

mysql -u root -p"youpassword"

进行授权操作：

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "youpassword" WITH GRANT OPTION;

重载授权表：

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

退出mysql数据库：

exit

重启下服务
systemctl restart mysql
创建一个非 root 账号，允许远程连接
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -proot
-- 创建业务数据库
CREATE DATABASE ${db_name} CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;

-- 创建一个远程查询的的账号
CREATE USER ${user_name} IDENTIFIED BY '${user_password}';
-- 授权所有 IP 可以访问
GRANT SELECT ON ${db_name}.* TO '${user_name}'@'%';

-- 创建一个局域网访问的账号
CREATE USER '${local_user_name}'@'192.168.0.%' IDENTIFIED BY '${local_user_password}';

GRANT ALL ON ${db_name}.* TO '${local_user_name}'@'192.168.0.%';
-- 刷新用户权限
flush privileges;

mysql备份

yum -y install holland-mysqldump.noarch    #下载备份插件

mysqldump -h 127.0.0.1 -uroot -p"Gd*(53#SALE" -R -E --all-databases  >back.sql

2.在线一键安装mysql5.7和mysql8.0二进制包的脚本

[root@cent8_yzil ~]# cat install_mysql5.7or8.0_for_centos.sh 
#!/bin/bash
. /etc/init.d/functions
SRC_DIR=`pwd`
MYSQL='mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz'
#MYSQL='mysql-8.0.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz'
URL=http://mirrors.163.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-5.7
COLOR='echo -e \E[01;31m'
END='\E[0m'
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=liujia
 
 
check (){
 
if [ $UID -ne 0 ]; then
  action "当前用户不是root,安装失败" false
  exit 1
fi
 
cd  $SRC_DIR
rpm -q wget || yum -y -q install wget
wget $URL/$MYSQL
if [ !  -e $MYSQL ];then
        $COLOR"缺少${MYSQL}文件"$END
		$COLOR"请将相关软件放在${SRC_DIR}目录下"$END
        exit
elif [ -e /usr/local/mysql ];then
        action "数据库已存在，安装失败" false
        exit
else
	return
fi
} 
 
install_mysql(){
    $COLOR"开始安装MySQL数据库..."$END
	yum  -y -q install libaio numactl-libs   libaio &> /dev/null
    cd $SRC_DIR
    tar xf $MYSQL -C /usr/local/
    MYSQL_DIR=`echo $MYSQL| sed -nr 's/^(.*[0-9]).*/\1/p'`
    ln -s  /usr/local/$MYSQL_DIR /usr/local/mysql
    ln -s /usr/lib64/libtinfo.so.6.1 /usr/lib64/libtinfo.so.5
    mkdir -p /data/mysql
    id mysql &> /dev/null || { useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r  mysql ; action "创建mysql用户"; }
    chown mysql.mysql /data/mysql
    chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/
    echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin/:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
    .  /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
	ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/bin/
    cat > /etc/my.cnf <<-EOF
[mysqld]
user=mysql
server-id=1
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
                                                                                                  
log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.log
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid
character-set-server=utf8mb4
[mysql]
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8mb4      
prompt="\\r:\\m:\\s(\\u@\\h) [\\d]>\\_"    #修改提示符
#!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
EOF
 
   cat > /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
EOF
 
    mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
    cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
    chkconfig --add mysqld
    systemctl restart mysqld
    systemctl enable --now mysqld
    
 
    [ $? -ne 0 ] && { $COLOR"数据库启动失败，退出!"$END;exit; }
 
    sleep 5
    ln -s /data/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
    MYSQL_OLDPASSWORD=`awk '/A temporary password/{print $NF}' /data/mysql/mysql.log`
    mysqladmin  -uroot -p$MYSQL_OLDPASSWORD password $MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
    action "数据库安装完成" 
}
 
 
check
 
install_mysql
[root@cent8_yzil ~]# 

3. 离线一键安装mysql5.7和mysql8.0二进制包的脚本

[root@cent8_yzil ~]# cat install_mysql5.7or8.0_for_centos.sh 
#!/bin/bash
. /etc/init.d/functions
SRC_DIR=`pwd`
MYSQL='mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz'
#MYSQL='mysql-8.0.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz'
URL=http://mirrors.163.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-5.7
COLOR='echo -e \E[01;31m'
END='\E[0m'
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=liujia
 
 
check (){
 
if [ $UID -ne 0 ]; then
  action "当前用户不是root,安装失败" false
  exit 1
fi
 
cd  $SRC_DIR
rpm -q wget || yum -y -q install wget
#wget $URL/$MYSQL
if [ !  -e $MYSQL ];then
        $COLOR"缺少${MYSQL}文件"$END
		$COLOR"请将相关软件放在${SRC_DIR}目录下"$END
        exit
elif [ -e /usr/local/mysql ];then
        action "数据库已存在，安装失败" false
        exit
else
	return
fi
} 
 
install_mysql(){
    $COLOR"开始安装MySQL数据库..."$END
	yum  -y -q install libaio numactl-libs   libaio &> /dev/null
    cd $SRC_DIR
    tar xf $MYSQL -C /usr/local/
    MYSQL_DIR=`echo $MYSQL| sed -nr 's/^(.*[0-9]).*/\1/p'`
    ln -s  /usr/local/$MYSQL_DIR /usr/local/mysql
    ln -s /usr/lib64/libtinfo.so.6.1 /usr/lib64/libtinfo.so.5
    mkdir -p /data/mysql
    id mysql &> /dev/null || { useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r  mysql ; action "创建mysql用户"; }
    chown mysql.mysql /data/mysql
    chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/
    echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin/:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
    .  /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
	ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/bin/
    cat > /etc/my.cnf <<-EOF
[mysqld]
user=mysql
server-id=1
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
                                                                                                  
log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.log
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid
character-set-server=utf8mb4
[mysql]
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8mb4      
prompt="\\r:\\m:\\s(\\u@\\h) [\\d]>\\_"    #修改提示符
#!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
EOF
 
   cat > /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
EOF
 
    mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
    cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
    chkconfig --add mysqld
    systemctl restart mysqld
    systemctl enable --now mysqld
    
 
    [ $? -ne 0 ] && { $COLOR"数据库启动失败，退出!"$END;exit; }
 
    sleep 5
    ln -s /data/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
    MYSQL_OLDPASSWORD=`awk '/A temporary password/{print $NF}' /data/mysql/mysql.log`
    mysqladmin  -uroot -p$MYSQL_OLDPASSWORD password $MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
    action "数据库安装完成" 
}
 
 
check
 
install_mysql
[root@cent8_yzil ~]#