Vulkan Samples 阅读 -- Basics（五）: Input Attachments & Sub Passes & Offscreen Renderings

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-22 17:12:24 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-03-22 17:12:24 发布

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分类专栏：图形文章标签： vulkan

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/jiamada/article/details/118353179

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Input Attachments

prepare

loadAssets: 加载模型
prepareUniformBuffers
- updateUniformBuffers

setupRenderPass: 重写了父类的方法, 创建 Attachment

创建的数量是: swapChain.imageCount
每个 Attachment 都需要创建 color 和 depth 附件
- VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT
- VK_IMAGE_USAGE_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_BIT
初始化每个 Attachment 的参数
创建subpass： std::array<VkSubpassDescription,2> subpassDescriptions
- VkAttachmentReference
- 创建一个给 Attachment 填充颜色和深度的subpass
- 创建一个swap chain 填充颜色的 subpass
- 再创建两个引用 VkAttachmentReference inputReferences
  - 将 fragment shader 中的输出写入Attachment : InputAttachments
- swap chain 的subpass 中引入 InputAttachments, 填充颜色

创建 VkSubpassDependency

	dependencies[0].srcSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL;
	dependencies[0].dstSubpass = 0;
	//源为管线
	dependencies[0].srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_BOTTOM_OF_PIPE_BIT;
	//输出到 color attachment 中
	dependencies[0].dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT;
	//读取方式
	dependencies[0].srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_MEMORY_READ_BIT;
	dependencies[0].dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_READ_BIT | VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
	dependencies[0].dependencyFlags = VK_DEPENDENCY_BY_REGION_BIT;

	// This dependency transitions the input attachment from color attachment to shader read
	dependencies[1].srcSubpass = 0;
	dependencies[1].dstSubpass = 1;
	//源为 color attachment
	dependencies[1].srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT;
	//输出到 fragment shader 中
	dependencies[1].dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT;
	dependencies[1].srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
	//读取方式
	dependencies[1].dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT;
	dependencies[1].dependencyFlags = VK_DEPENDENCY_BY_REGION_BIT;

	dependencies[2].srcSubpass = 0;
	dependencies[2].dstSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL;
	//源为 color attachment 
	dependencies[2].srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT;
	// 输出到管线中
	dependencies[2].dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_BOTTOM_OF_PIPE_BIT;
	dependencies[2].srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_READ_BIT | VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
	dependencies[2].dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_MEMORY_READ_BIT;
	dependencies[2].dependencyFlags = VK_DEPENDENCY_BY_REGION_BIT;

vkCreateRenderPass

setupDescriptors
- 创建3个pool
  - VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER
  - VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER
  - VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_INPUT_ATTACHMENT
- Attachment write
  - vkCreateDescriptorSetLayout
  - vkCreatePipelineLayout
  - vkAllocateDescriptorSets
  - vkUpdateDescriptorSets
- Attachment read
  - descriptorSetLayoutBinding: 三个
    - VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_INPUT_ATTACHMENT: 颜色
    - VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_INPUT_ATTACHMENT: 深度
    - VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER
  - vkCreateDescriptorSetLayout
  - vkCreatePipelineLayout
  - vkAllocateDescriptorSets
  - vkUpdateDescriptorSets
preparePipelines: attachment 需创建两个pipeline, 一个写 Attachment, 一个读 attachment
- VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo: 多出了为Attachment配置的代码
  - pipelineCI.renderPass = renderPass;
  - Attachment write
    - pipelineCI.subpass = 0;
    - pipelineCI.layout = pipelineLayouts.attachmentWrite;
  - vkCreateGraphicsPipelines
  - Attachment read
    - pipelineCI.subpass = 1
    - pipelineCI.layout = pipelineLayouts.attachmentRead;
  - vkCreateGraphicsPipelines

buildCommandBuffers: 分别为两个 subpass 创建 CommandBuffer

	/*
	First sub pass
		Fills the attachments
	*/
	{
		vks::debugmarker::beginRegion(drawCmdBuffers[i], "Subpass 0: Writing attachments", glm::vec4(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f));

		vkCmdBindPipeline(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelines.attachmentWrite);
		vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelineLayouts.attachmentWrite, 0, 1, &descriptorSets.attachmentWrite, 0, NULL);
		scene.draw(drawCmdBuffers[i]);

		vks::debugmarker::endRegion(drawCmdBuffers[i]);
	}

	/*
		Second sub pass
		Render a full screen quad, reading from the previously written attachments via input attachments
	*/
	{
		vks::debugmarker::beginRegion(drawCmdBuffers[i], "Subpass 1: Reading attachments", glm::vec4(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f));

		vkCmdNextSubpass(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);

		vkCmdBindPipeline(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelines.attachmentRead);
		vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelineLayouts.attachmentRead, 0, 1, &descriptorSets.attachmentRead[i], 0, NULL);
		vkCmdDraw(drawCmdBuffers[i], 3, 1, 0, 0);

		vks::debugmarker::endRegion(drawCmdBuffers[i]);
	}

render

draw
updateUniformBuffers

小结

本节主要讲怎样使用 Attachments 进行渲染. 但是我觉得这里的重点是怎样使用subpass进行渲染.

Sub Passes

prepare

loadAssets: 加载模型和纹理
initLights: 设置光源
prepareUniformBuffers
- updateUniformBufferDeferredMatrices
- updateUniformBufferDeferredLights
setupFrameBuffer: 重写父类方法
- 当屏幕大小发生遍布重写设置Gbuffer: createGBufferAttachments
- writeDescriptorSets
- vkUpdateDescriptorSets
- 正向渲染
- writeDescriptorSets
- vkUpdateDescriptorSets
- vkCreateFramebuffer
setupRenderPass: 重写父类方法
- createGBufferAttachments: 创建Gbuffer
  - createAttachment – position
  - createAttachment – normal
  - createAttachment – albedo
- VkAttachmentDescription: 有5个, 与上一节相似,主要设置,怎么写入gbuffer,怎么从gbuffer读数据
- vkCreateRenderPass
setupDescriptorSetLayout
- vkCreateDescriptorSetLayout
- vkCreatePipelineLayout
preparePipelines: 中增加了 blendAttachmentStates
- colorBlendState.attachmentCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(blendAttachmentStates.size());
- colorBlendState.pAttachments = blendAttachmentStates.data();
setupDescriptorPool
- 创建3个pool
  - VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER
  - VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER
  - VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_INPUT_ATTACHMENT
setupDescriptorSet
- vkAllocateDescriptorSets
- writeDescriptorSets
prepareCompositionPass:
- Descriptor set layout
  - descriptorSetLayoutBinding
    - Position input attachment
    - Normal input attachment
    - Albedo input attachment
    - Light positions
      -vkCreateDescriptorSetLayout
- Pipeline layout
  - vkCreatePipelineLayout
- Descriptor sets
  - vkAllocateDescriptorSets
  - writeDescriptorSets
    - writeDescriptorSet
      - Position texture target
      - Normals texture target
      - Albedo texture target
      - Fragment shader lights
        -vkUpdateDescriptorSets
- Pipeline
  - pipelineCreateInfo
  - vkCreateGraphicsPipelines
- Transparent (forward) pipeline
  - vkCreateDescriptorSetLayout
  - vkCreatePipelineLayout
  - vkAllocateDescriptorSets
  - vkUpdateDescriptorSets
  - vkCreateGraphicsPipelines
buildCommandBuffers: subpass有3个
- 第一个将场景数据写入Gbuffer
- 第二个用gbuffer数据渲染到attachment中
- 第三个正向渲染

render

draw
updateUniformBufferDeferredMatrices
updateUniformBufferDeferredLights

小结

本节主要讲延迟渲染的方法. 总体来说就是更详细介绍了subpass的使用方法.

Offscreen Renderings

prepare

loadAssets: 加载模型
prepareOffscreen: 准备离屏渲染资源
- 准备的资源如下
```
	struct OffscreenPass {
		int32_t width, height;
		VkFramebuffer frameBuffer;
		FrameBufferAttachment color, depth;
		VkRenderPass renderPass;
		VkSampler sampler;
		VkDescriptorImageInfo descriptor;
	} offscreenPass;
```
- vkCreateImage(color)
- vkGetImageMemoryRequirements
- vkAllocateMemory
- vkBindImageMemory
- vkCreateImageView
- vkCreateSampler
- vkCreateImage(depth)
- vkGetImageMemoryRequirements
- vkAllocateMemory
- vkBindImageMemory
- vkCreateImageView
- attchmentDescriptions: 分别为color和depth
- subpassDescription: 附加Attachment引用
- vkCreateRenderPass
- vkCreateFramebuffer: 将渲染后的资源写入 frame buffer
prepareUniformBuffers
- updateUniformBuffers
- updateUniformBufferOffscreen: 离屏pass更新uniform
setupDescriptorSetLayout
- vkCreateDescriptorSetLayout
- vkCreatePipelineLayout
preparePipelines: 新建四个pipelines
- Render-target debug display
- Mirror
- Phong shading pipelines
- Offscreen
setupDescriptorPool
setupDescriptorSet: 为三个pipeline设置
- Mirror plane descriptor set (Mirror)
- Shaded descriptor sets (Phong shading pipelines)
- Offscreen
buildCommandBuffers: subpass有2个
- First render pass: Offscreen rendering
- Scene rendering with applied radial blur

render

draw
updateUniformBuffers
updateUniformBufferOffscreen

小结

离屏渲染也就是将渲染结果写入 attachment中 . 是 attachment 结合 subpass的一种实用方法.

七Du°C糊涂

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Vulkan Samples 阅读 -- Basics（五）: Input Attachments & Sub Passes & Offscreen Renderings

目录Input Attachmentspreparerender小结Sub Passespreparerender小结Input AttachmentsprepareloadAssets: 加载模型prepareUniformBuffersupdateUniformBufferssetupRenderPass: 重写了父类的方法, 创建 Attachment创建的数量是: swapChain.imageCount每个 Attachment 都需要创建 color 和 dept
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