以下是使用Apache Flink完成热门商品统计,窗口大小为一分钟的示例代码:
```java
import org.apache.flink.api.common.functions.FlatMapFunction;
import org.apache.flink.api.java.tuple.Tuple2;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.TimeCharacteristic;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStream;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.KeyedProcessFunction;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.windowing.WindowFunction;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.windowing.time.Time;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.windowing.windows.TimeWindow;
import org.apache.flink.util.Collector;
public class HotItems {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 创建执行环境
StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
env.setStreamTimeCharacteristic(TimeCharacteristic.EventTime);
// 读取数据,转换成Tuple2<String, Long>类型,表示商品ID和发生时间
DataStream<Tuple2<String, Long>> dataStream = env.readTextFile("path/to/data")
.map(line -> {
String[] fields = line.split(",");
return Tuple2.of(fields[0], Long.parseLong(fields[1]));
})
.assignAscendingTimestamps(tuple -> tuple.f1);
// 按照商品ID分组,开窗,聚合
DataStream<String> resultStream = dataStream
.keyBy(tuple -> tuple.f0)
.timeWindow(Time.minutes(1))
.apply(new CountAgg())
.keyBy(tuple -> tuple.f0)
.process(new TopNHotItems(3));
resultStream.print();
env.execute("Hot Items Analysis");
}
// 自定义预聚合函数,用于计算每个商品在当前窗口中的购买次数
public static class CountAgg implements WindowFunction<Tuple2<String, Long>, Tuple2<String, Long>, String, TimeWindow> {
@Override
public void apply(String itemId, TimeWindow window, Iterable<Tuple2<String, Long>> input, Collector<Tuple2<String, Long>> out) throws Exception {
long count = 0L;
for (Tuple2<String, Long> tuple : input) {
count++;
}
out.collect(Tuple2.of(itemId, count));
}
}
// 自定义处理函数,用于获取每个商品的购买次数并输出前N个热门商品
public static class TopNHotItems extends KeyedProcessFunction<String, Tuple2<String, Long>, String> {
private final int topSize;
public TopNHotItems(int topSize) {
this.topSize = topSize;
}
@Override
public void processElement(Tuple2<String, Long> input, Context context, Collector<String> out) throws Exception {
// 将每个商品的购买次数存储到状态中
context.timerService().registerEventTimeTimer(context.window().getEnd());
context.getState().update(input);
}
@Override
public void onTimer(long timestamp, OnTimerContext ctx, Collector<String> out) throws Exception {
// 从状态中获取所有商品的购买次数
Iterable<Tuple2<String, Long>> allItems = ctx.getState().getAll();
// 排序并取前N个热门商品
List<Tuple2<String, Long>> topItems = new ArrayList<>();
for (Tuple2<String, Long> item : allItems) {
topItems.add(item);
}
topItems.sort((o1, o2) -> o2.f1.intValue() - o1.f1.intValue());
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
result.append("==========\n");
result.append("时间: ").append(new Timestamp(timestamp - 1)).append("\n");
for (int i = 0; i < topSize && i < topItems.size(); i++) {
Tuple2<String, Long> currentItem = topItems.get(i);
result.append("No.").append(i + 1).append(": ")
.append("商品ID=").append(currentItem.f0)
.append(", 购买次数=").append(currentItem.f1)
.append("\n");
}
result.append("==========\n\n");
out.collect(result.toString());
}
}
}
```
在上述代码中,我们首先读取了商品ID和发生时间的数据流,并将其转换成Tuple2<String, Long>类型。然后按照商品ID进行分组,开窗,通过CountAgg计算每个商品在当前窗口中的购买次数。接着再次按照商品ID进行分组,通过TopNHotItems获取每个商品的购买次数并输出前N个热门商品。
在TopNHotItems中,我们使用了Flink的状态编程功能,将每个商品的购买次数存储到状态中。在窗口计算结束时,我们从状态中获取所有商品的购买次数,并进行排序和取前N个操作,最终输出前N个热门商品。同时,我们使用了Flink的定时器功能,在窗口计算结束时触发输出操作。