SpringBoot关于跨域问题配置WebMvcConfigurer (详解)

1.简介

• WebMvcConfigurer配置类其实是Spring内部的一种配置方式，采用JavaBean的形式来代替传统的xml配置文件形式进行针对框架个性化定制，可以自定义一些Handler，Interceptor，ViewResolver，MessageConverter。基于java-based方式的spring mvc配置，需要创建一个配置类并实现WebMvcConfigurer 接口；
• 在Spring Boot 1.5版本都是靠重写WebMvcConfigurerAdapter的方法来添加自定义拦截器，消息转换器等。SpringBoot 2.0 后，该类被标记为@Deprecated（弃用）。官方推荐直接实现WebMvcConfigurer或者直接继承WebMvcConfigurationSupport，方式一实现WebMvcConfigurer接口（推荐），方式二继承WebMvcConfigurationSupport类

2.WebMvcConfigurer 接口

public interface WebMvcConfigurer {
    void configurePathMatch(PathMatchConfigurer var1);
 
    void configureContentNegotiation(ContentNegotiationConfigurer var1);
 
    void configureAsyncSupport(AsyncSupportConfigurer var1);
 
    void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer var1);
 
    void addFormatters(FormatterRegistry var1);
 
    void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry var1);
 
    void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry var1);
 
    void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry var1);
 
    void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry var1);
 
    void configureViewResolvers(ViewResolverRegistry var1);
 
    void addArgumentResolvers(List<HandlerMethodArgumentResolver> var1);
 
    void addReturnValueHandlers(List<HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler> var1);
 
    void configureMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> var1);
 
    void extendMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> var1);
 
    void configureHandlerExceptionResolvers(List<HandlerExceptionResolver> var1);
 
    void extendHandlerExceptionResolvers(List<HandlerExceptionResolver> var1);
 
    Validator getValidator();
 
    MessageCodesResolver getMessageCodesResolver();
}

3.解决跨域问题所需配置

创建一个config类 加入以下代码 即可实现重写

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.CorsRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

// 配置文件注解
@Configuration
public class CorsConfig {

    @Bean
    public WebMvcConfigurer corsConfigurer() {
        return new WebMvcConfigurer() {
		     /**
		     * 跨域支持
		     */
            @Override
            public void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry) {
                registry.addMapping("/**")
                .allowedOrigins("*") //浏览器允许所有的域访问 / 注意 * 不能满足带有cookie的访问,Origin 必须是全匹配
                .allowedMethods("*")
                .allowCredentials(true)  // 允许带cookie访问
                .allowedHeaders("token")
                .maxAge(3600);
            }
        };
    }
}

4.扩展

addInterceptors：拦截器

addInterceptor：需要一个实现HandlerInterceptor接口的拦截器实例
addPathPatterns：用于设置拦截器的过滤路径规则；addPathPatterns("/**")对所有请求都拦截
excludePathPatterns：用于设置不需要拦截的过滤规则
拦截器主要用途：进行用户登录状态的拦截，日志的拦截等

@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
    super.addInterceptors(registry);
    registry.addInterceptor(new TestInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**").excludePathPatterns("/emp/toLogin","/emp/login","/js/**","/css/**","/images/**");
}

拦截器实现

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.HandlerInterceptorAdapter;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * l拦截器实现
 */
public class ReqInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Interceptor preHandler method is running !");
        return super.preHandle(request, response, handler);
    }

    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Interceptor postHandler method is running !");
        super.postHandle(request, response, handler, modelAndView);
    }

    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Interceptor afterCompletion method is running !");
        super.afterCompletion(request, response, handler, ex);
    }

    @Override
    public void afterConcurrentHandlingStarted(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Interceptor afterConcurrentHandlingStarted method is running !");
        super.afterConcurrentHandlingStarted(request, response, handler);
    }
}

addViewControllers：页面跳转

以前写SpringMVC的时候，如果需要访问一个页面，必须要写Controller类，然后再写一个方法跳转到页面，感觉好麻烦，其实重写WebMvcConfigurer中的addViewControllers方法即可达到效果了

 @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addViewController("/toLogin").setViewName("login");
    }

addResourceHandlers：静态资源

比如，我们想自定义静态资源映射目录的话，只需重写addResourceHandlers方法即可。
addResoureHandler：指的是对外暴露的访问路径
addResourceLocations：指的是内部文件放置的目录

/**
     * 配置静态访问资源
     * @param registry
     */
    @Override
    public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addResourceHandler("/my/**").addResourceLocations("classpath:/my/");
    }

configureViewResolvers：视图解析器

这个方法是用来配置视图解析器的，该方法的参数ViewResolverRegistry 是一个注册器，用来注册你想自定义的视图解析器等。

/**
 * 配置请求视图映射
 * @return
 */
@Bean
public InternalResourceViewResolver resourceViewResolver()
{
    InternalResourceViewResolver internalResourceViewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
    //请求视图文件的前缀地址
    internalResourceViewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/jsp/");
    //请求视图文件的后缀
    internalResourceViewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
    return internalResourceViewResolver;
}
 
/**
 * 视图配置
 * @param registry
 */
@Override
public void configureViewResolvers(ViewResolverRegistry registry) {
    super.configureViewResolvers(registry);
    registry.viewResolver(resourceViewResolver());
    /*registry.jsp("/WEB-INF/jsp/",".jsp");*/
}

configureMessageConverters：信息转换器

 
/**
* 消息内容转换配置
 * 配置fastJson返回json转换
 * @param converters
 */
@Override
public void configureMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) {
    //调用父类的配置
    super.configureMessageConverters(converters);
    //创建fastJson消息转换器
    FastJsonHttpMessageConverter fastConverter = new FastJsonHttpMessageConverter();
    //创建配置类
    FastJsonConfig fastJsonConfig = new FastJsonConfig();
    //修改配置返回内容的过滤
    fastJsonConfig.setSerializerFeatures(
            SerializerFeature.DisableCircularReferenceDetect,
            SerializerFeature.WriteMapNullValue,
            SerializerFeature.WriteNullStringAsEmpty
    );
    fastConverter.setFastJsonConfig(fastJsonConfig);
    //将fastjson添加到视图消息转换器列表内
    converters.add(fastConverter);
 
}