Additive Number | Leetcode

Additive number is a positive integer whose digits can form additive sequence.

A valid additive sequence should contain at least three numbers. Except for the first two numbers, each subsequent number in the sequence must be the sum of the preceding two.

For example:
"112358" is an additive number because the digits can form an additive sequence: 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8.

1 + 1 = 2, 1 + 2 = 3, 2 + 3 = 5, 3 + 5 = 8

"199100199"  is also an additive number, the additive sequence is:  1, 99, 100, 199 .

1 + 99 = 100, 99 + 100 = 199

Note: Numbers in the additive sequence cannot have leading zeros, so sequence 1, 2, 03 or 1, 02, 3 is invalid.

Given a string represents an integer, write a function to determine if it's an additive number.

Follow up:
How would you handle overflow for very large input integers?

Credits:
Special thanks to @jeantimex for adding this problem and creating all test cases.

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使用深度搜索，可以很容易解决这道题，代码如下，为了防止越界，需要使用long类型来存储中间值。构建一个辅助函数进行递归判断，传入每次的前两个数，如果后面的数值不论是最小还是最大，都不能等于传入值的和，那么说前一步的取数方式是错误的，需要重新取。

主函数中就是枚举第一次的两个输入。参考代码如下：

{CSDN:CODE:class Solution {
public:
//dfs
    bool isAdditiveNumber(string num) {
        //return isAdditiveHelper(num,10,1,2147483647,0);
        if(num.length()<3)
            return false;
        int step=0;
        //防止越界
        long front=0,second=0;
        for(int i=0;i<num.length()-1;){
            front=front*10+num[i]-'0';
            int j=i+1;
            second=0;
            for(;j<num.length();){
                if(j==i+1&&num[j]=='0'){
                    second=0;
                    if(isAdditiveHelper(num,j,front,second,0))
                        return true;
                    else
                        break;
                }else{
                    second=second*10+num[j]-'0';
                    if(isAdditiveHelper(num,j,front,second,0))
                        return true;
                    ++j;
                }
            }
            ++i;
        }
        return false;
    }
    
    bool isAdditiveHelper(string num,int step,long front,long second,int depth){
        if(depth==0&&step==num.length()-1)
            return false;
        else if(depth>0&&step==num.length()-1){
            return true;
        }
        string temp=num.substr(step+1,num.length()-step-1);
        long result_should=front+second;
        long res_get=0;
        int i=0;
        for(;i<temp.length();){
            if(i==0&&temp[i]=='0'){
                return false;
            }
            res_get=res_get*10+temp[i]-'0';
            if(res_get>result_should)
                return false;
            else if(res_get==result_should){
                return isAdditiveHelper(num,i+step+1,second,result_should,depth+1);
            }
            ++i;
        }
        return false;
    }
};}