Ubuntu20.4安装mysql5.7

1. 创建MySQL用户

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

 2. 安装依赖

apt install libncurses5 -y

3. 下载MySQL5.7.33安装包，并解压

cd /usr/local/ && wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

tar zxvf /root/mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

4. 创建mysql-files 并更改权限等

ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
cd mysql
mkdir mysql-files
chown mysql:mysql mysql-files
chmod 750 mysql-files

5. 创建MySQL配置文件my.cnf

echo "[client]
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
key_buffer_size=16M
max_allowed_packet=8M

log_error                     = /usr/local/mysql/logs/error.log
log_error_verbosity           = 2
general_log                   = 0
general_log_file              = /usr/local/mysql/logs/mysql_query.log
slow_query_log                = 1
slow_query_log_file           = /usr/local/mysql/logs/mysql_slow.log
log_queries_not_using_indexes = 1
long_query_time               = 2
slow_launch_time              = 2
log-slow-admin-statements     = 1

[mysqldump]
quick" > /etc/my.cnf

6. 创建日志路径

mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/logs
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/logs

7. 初始化MySQL，由于提前已经把配置文件编辑好所以初始化这里基本不需要卸载太多参数

bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

 8. SSL/TLS密钥和证书加密

bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup

9. 使用mysqld_safe启动MySQL并配置环境变量，设置init启动方式

bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin' >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
/etc/init.d/mysql.server restart

 10.检查MySQL服务是否正常启动

ps -ef | grep mysql

11. MySQL初始化后会在日志中生成一个随机密码，使用如何方式查询

cat /usr/local/mysql/logs/error.log | grep "temporary"

至此，MySQL5.7安装完成。
如果是通过公网方式连接mysql服务，需要登录数据库中进行额外授权

#授权前需要先改密码，我们把密码改为自己想要的密码

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '>_Fx2_QZz8U!!!';
use mysql;
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO root@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '>_Fx2_QZz8U!!!';
flush privileges;

测试链接即可。