hibernate 查询方法报死锁异常

现象

Caused by: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.MySQLTransactionRollbackException: Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction
	at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:123)

http 接口报错，查看 Java 错误日志中的异常堆栈，程序堆栈顶部是一个 service/repository 类的查询方法。

查看 MySQL 的死锁日志，发现两个事务的 update 语句造成的死锁。

疑问

从 Java 的异常来看，业务代码只是执行了查询方法，和 update 无关，而且查询的表名甚至和 MySQL 死锁日志中的更新表名都不一致。这个查询的 Java 方法为什么会触发死锁呢？

原因

进一步查看完整堆栈（前面只看了业务代码的堆栈，没有关于 hibernate 的堆栈）。发现中间确实有查询org.hibernate.query.Query.getResultList，然后往上有org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.update，其中间有一个org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultAutoFlushEventListener.onAutoFlush。

汇总起来看就是：查询时，先判断是否存在需要flush的实体对象，如果有则先执行flush（update）。

flush 的对象是当前堆栈显示代码之前执行查询的，但是这中间该对象在其它线程被修改过，导致当前线程判断出需要 flush，进而触发了 MySQL 死锁问题。

Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.LockAcquisitionException: could not execute statement
	at org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect$3.convert(MySQLDialect.java:547)
	at org.hibernate.exception.internal.StandardSQLExceptionConverter.convert(StandardSQLExceptionConverter.java:42)
	at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:113)
	at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:99)
	at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.ResultSetReturnImpl.executeUpdate(ResultSetReturnImpl.java:178)
	at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.update(AbstractEntityPersister.java:3377)
	at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.updateOrInsert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:3250)
	at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.update(AbstractEntityPersister.java:3651)
	at org.hibernate.action.internal.EntityUpdateAction.execute(EntityUpdateAction.java:146)
	at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:604)
	at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:478)
	at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractFlushingEventListener.performExecutions(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:356)
	at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultAutoFlushEventListener.onAutoFlush(DefaultAutoFlushEventListener.java:53)
	at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.autoFlushIfRequired(SessionImpl.java:1433)
	at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.list(SessionImpl.java:1519)
	at org.hibernate.query.internal.AbstractProducedQuery.doList(AbstractProducedQuery.java:1598)
	at org.hibernate.query.internal.AbstractProducedQuery.list(AbstractProducedQuery.java:1566)
	at org.hibernate.query.Query.getResultList(Query.java:132)
	at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryExecution$CollectionExecution.doExecute(JpaQueryExecution.java:126)
	at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryExecution.execute(JpaQueryExecution.java:88)
	at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.AbstractJpaQuery.doExecute(AbstractJpaQuery.java:154)
	at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.AbstractJpaQuery.execute(AbstractJpaQuery.java:142)
	at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.doInvoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:619)
	at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.invoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:606)
	at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
	at org.springframework.data.projection.DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.java:80)
	at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
	at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:367)
	at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:118)
	at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
	at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:139)
	... 185 common frames omitted

总结

终究还是要看异常堆栈，及其源码。