C#对象的初始化顺序

当构造一个c#对象时,理解对象的字段和构造函数的顺序是非常重要的:

1. Derived static fields//派生类静态字段
2. Derived static constructor//派生来静态构造函数
3. Derived instance fields//派生类实例字段
4. Base static fields//基类静态字段
5. Base static constructor//基类静态构造函数
6. Base instance fields//基类实例字段
7. Base instance constructor//基类实例构造函数
8. Derived instance constructor//派生类实例构造函数

下面是简单的代码:

using System;

namespace ObjectInit
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main( string[] args )
        {
            Derived d = new Derived();
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
    class Base
    {
        public Base()
        {
            Console.WriteLine( "Base.Instance.Constructor" );
            this.m_Field3 = new Tracker( "Base.Instance.Field3″ );
            this.Virtual();
        }
        static Base()
        {
            Console.WriteLine( "Base.Static.Constructor" );
        }
        private Tracker m_Field1 = new Tracker( "Base.Instance.Field1″ );
        private Tracker m_Field2 = new Tracker( "Base.Instance.Field2″ );
        private Tracker m_Field3;
        static private Tracker s_Field1 = new Tracker( "Base.Static.Field1″ );
        static private Tracker s_Field2 = new Tracker( "Base.Static.Field2″ );
        virtual public void Virtual()
        {
            Console.WriteLine( "Base.Instance.Virtual" );
        }
    }
    class Derived : Base
    {
        public Derived()
        {
            Console.WriteLine( "Derived.Instance.Constructor" );
            this.m_Field3 = new Tracker( "Derived.Instance.Field3″ );
        }
        static Derived()
        {
            Console.WriteLine( "Derived.Static.Constructor" );
        }
        private Tracker m_Field1 = new Tracker( "Derived.Instance.Field1″ );
        private Tracker m_Field2 = new Tracker( "Derived.Instance.Field2″ );
        private Tracker m_Field3;
        static private Tracker s_Field1 = new Tracker( "Derived.Static.Field1″ );
        static private Tracker s_Field2 = new Tracker( "Derived.Static.Field2″ );
        override public void Virtual()
        {
            Console.WriteLine( "Derived.Instance.Virtual" );
        }
    }
    class Tracker
    {
        public Tracker( string text )
        {
            Console.WriteLine( text );
        }
    }
}

下面是程序执行结果:

Derived.Static.Field1
Derived.Static.Field2
Derived.Static.Constructor
Derived.Instance.Field1
Derived.Instance.Field2
Base.Static.Field1
Base.Static.Field2
Base.Static.Constructor
Base.Instance.Field1
Base.Instance.Field2
Base.Instance.Constructor
Base.Instance.Field3