数组是基本的数据结构,C,C++中均有,特点很鲜明,大小固定,在内存中占有一连串的存储空间,java中用下标轻易快速地访问。但是由于其大小固定,故,在定义时必须声明其大小。尽管不常用,但是API还是为我们提供了java.util.Arrays类,其中有众多对Array的排序、搜索、拷贝、填充等静态方法。
测试小例子ArrayTest
package ds.collections.arr;
import java.util.Arrays;
//import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;
/**
* java.util.Arrays
* @author Hust
* @Time 2011-10-27
*/
public class ArrayTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//int[] intA = new int[]{1,3,5,2,6,3};
//asListTest(intA);
//binarySearchTest(intA);
//copyOfTest(intA);
//equesttest();
//fillTest();
sortTest();
}
/**
* 测试asList
* 返回ArrayList extends AbstractLis ,其返回结果类型的List操作功能部分受限
* @param intA
*/
public static void asListTest(int[] intA){
//不用intA数组
List<Integer> asList = Arrays.asList(1, 3, 4); //Varargs ...
for (int i = 0; i < asList.size(); i++) {
System.out.print(" "+asList.get(i)); //result is 1 3 4
}
System.out.println("\n ==");
/**
从数组中拷贝
Arrays.asList返回ArrayList但是它 ArrayList<E> extends AbstractList
AbstractList 中add与remover方法中均仅有一行代码:throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
即Arrays.asList的List不可以add与remove
*/
List<int[]> asList2 = Arrays.asList(intA);
for (int i = 0; i < asList2.size(); i++) {
int[] a = asList2.get(i);
for(int j:a){
System.out.print(" "+j); //result is 1 3 5 2 6 3
}
}
System.out.println("\n ==");
//asList2.remove(0);//java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException
asList2.set(0,new int[]{100,200});
//Arrays.asList内部类ArrayList重写了AbstractList的set方法,下面代码正常运行
for (int i = 0; i < asList2.size(); i++) {
int[] a = asList2.get(i);
for(int j:a){
System.out.print(" "+j); // result is 100 200
}
}
}
/**
* binarySearch
* 二分法查找数组中的数据
* @param intA
*/
public static void binarySearchTest(int[] intA){
//二分查找,查到即返回,故对查找的值如在数组中存在多个,则无法确定我们要哪个
System.out.println(Arrays.binarySearch(intA, 3)); //1
//指定开始查找与结束查找的位置,无则返回是个负数
System.out.println(Arrays.binarySearch(intA, 2,3,3)); //-3
}
/**
* 拷贝数组
* 指定长度拷贝与指定位置的拷贝
* @param intA
*/
public static void copyOfTest(int[] intA){
//拷贝数组,3为拷贝的长度
int[] intB = Arrays.copyOf(intA, 3);
for(int i : intB){
System.out.print(" "+i);//result is 1 3 5
}
System.out.println("\n ===");
//拷贝部分元素
int[] intC = Arrays.copyOfRange(intA,3,5);//result is 2 6
for(int i : intC){
System.out.print(" "+i);
}
System.out.println("\n ===");
}
/**
* equals hashCode toString
*/
public static void equesttest(){
Object[] a = new Object[]{1,2,3};
Object[] b = new Object[]{1,2,3};
Object[] c = Arrays.copyOf(a, 3);
Object[] d = new Object[]{1,2,3,4};
// equals比较 Object equals return (this == obj) 太狠了
System.out.println(a.equals(b));//false
System.out.println(a.equals(c));//false
System.out.println(a.equals(d));//false
// deepequals比较的是值
System.out.println(Arrays.deepEquals(a, b));//true
System.out.println(Arrays.deepEquals(a, c));//true
System.out.println(Arrays.deepEquals(a, d));//false
//hashCode toString
System.out.println(a.hashCode());//29115481
System.out.println(Arrays.deepHashCode(a));//30817 result = 31 * result + elementHash;
System.out.println(a.toString()); //[Ljava.lang.Object;@1bc4459
System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(a)); //[1, 2, 3]
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(a)); //[1, 2, 3]
}
/**
* 对数组中的元素的值进行修改,批量
*/
public static void fillTest(){
int[] intA = new int[]{1,2,3,4,5};
for(int i : intA){
System.out.print(" "+i);//result is 1 2 3 4 5
}
System.out.println("\n ===");
Arrays.fill(intA, 32);
for(int i : intA){
System.out.print(" "+i);//result is 32 32 32 32 32
}
System.out.println("\n ===");
Arrays.fill(intA, 2,4,1);
for(int i : intA){
System.out.print(" "+i);//result is 32 32 1 1 32
}
}
/**
* 对数组进行排序
*/
public static void sortTest(){
int[] intA = new int[]{1,2,5,4,3};
for(int i : intA){
System.out.print(" "+i);//result is 1 2 5 4 3
}
System.out.println("\n ===");
Arrays.sort(intA); //sort(T[],from,to)
for(int i : intA){
System.out.print(" "+i);//result is 1 2 3 4 5
}
}
}