一、that 引导定语从句,在从句中充当成分。
1. that 在定语从句中作宾语时,往往可省略。如
John once talked to his mom about the cities ( that) he had visited around。
在从句中that作visit的宾语,故可以省略。
2. that在定语从句中作主语时,不可省略。如:
(1) The teacher that is kind to us goes back home very late every day.在从句中that 作主语,故不可以省略。
在从句中that作主语,故不可以省略。
3.that在引导限定性定语从句时,有时相当于in which, at which, for which或onwhich,并且在从句中可以省略。如:
(1 ) Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way(that ) (in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed.
二、that 引导名词性从句时,充当连词,本身无实际意义。
1. that在引导宾语从句时,通常可省略。如:
We know (that) sound can travel through air.
that引导的从句在主句中充当know 的宾语,故为宾语从句,此时that可以省略。但:
( 1)在介词短语后的宾语从句中that 常不可省略,且前面往往有个形式宾语it。如:
You may depend on it that they will support your plan.
(2)两个宾语从句连用时,即使省略了第一个that , 也不可省略第二个that。 如:I believe (that) you' ve done your best and that things will get better.(3)在双宾语结构中,that 从句充当直接宾语或是间接宾语时,不可以省略that。
He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.
2. that引导主语从句、同位语从句及表语从句时,正规语中,通常不可省略。( 1 ) We heard the news that our team had won.
that引导同位语从句,that 不可以省略。
(2) The fact is that we have lost the game.
that引导表语从句,that 不可以省略。
(3) That you didn' t go to the party was a pity.
that引导主语从句,that 不可以省略。
不过,如果it作形式主语,that从句放在句末,可以省略that。如:
(4 ) It was a pity (that) you didn' t go to the party.
三、that引导状语从句时,充当连词,有时也可省略。
1.在结果状语从句中,that 有时可以省略。如:
The sound is so weak (that) you can' t hear it.