spring-data-redis实例应用

[b]spring-data-redis实例应用[/b]

1.对Redis的Key-Value数据存储操作提供了更高层次的抽象，类似于Spring Framework对JDBC支持一样。
2.如果不用这个你就要自己进行redis连接的连接与关闭操作，这个要小心的进行关闭，因为不关闭连接
就会太多，甚至用完(连接池方式)不能连接
3.RedisTemplate是线程安全的(spring-data-redis的操作接口)
4.ObjectMapper是线程安全的(外部序列化用到的)


[b]spring-data-redis Operations[/b]
spring-data-redis针对jedis提供了如下功能：
1. 连接池自动管理，提供了一个高度封装的“RedisTemplate”类
2. 针对jedis客户端中大量api进行了归类封装,将同一类型操作封装为operation接口
ValueOperations：简单K-V操作
SetOperations：set类型数据操作
ZSetOperations：zset类型数据操作
HashOperations：针对map类型的数据操作
ListOperations：针对list类型的数据操作
3. 提供了对key的“bound”(绑定)便捷化操作API，可以通过bound封装指定的key，然后进行一系列的操作而无须“显式”的再次指定Key.
BoundValueOperations
BoundSetOperations
BoundListOperations
BoundSetOperations
BoundHashOperations

两者区别是一个进行set时要写key值（里面可以进行多个key的操作），一个不用（里面只可以进行一个key的操作）

ValueOperations<String, User> valueOper = redisTemplate.opsForValue(); //取得一个新的ValueOperations

[b]Spring-data-redis: serializer（序列化方式）[/b]
设置序列化方式（可以用内置的,也可以用别的）

spring-data-redis提供了多种serializer策略，这对使用jedis的开发者而言，实在是非常便捷。sdr提供了4种内置的serializer：
1.JdkSerializationRedisSerializer：使用JDK的序列化手段(serializable接口，ObjectInputStrean，ObjectOutputStream)，数据以字节流存储
2.StringRedisSerializer：字符串编码，数据以string存储
3.JacksonJsonRedisSerializer：json格式存储
4.OxmSerializer：xml格式存储

[b]注意：[/b]
1.其中JdkSerializationRedisSerializer和StringRedisSerializer是最基础的序列化策略。
2.其中“JacksonJsonRedisSerializer”与“OxmSerializer”都是基于stirng存储，因此它们是较为“高级”的序列化(最终还是使用string解析以及构建java对象)。


RedisTemplate中需要声明4种serializer，默认为“JdkSerializationRedisSerializer”：
1) keySerializer ：对于普通K-V操作时，key采取的序列化策略
2) valueSerializer：value采取的序列化策略
3) hashKeySerializer： 在hash数据结构中，hash-key的序列化策略
4) hashValueSerializer：hash-value的序列化策略

[b]注意：[/b]无论如何，建议key/hashKey采用StringRedisSerializer。


[b]例子：[/b]
redis.properties

# Redis settings
redis.host=127.0.0.1
redis.port=6379
redis.pass=

redis.maxIdle=300
redis.maxTotal=600
redis.maxWaitMillis=1000
redis.testOnBorrow=true

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">


	<context:annotation-config />
	<!-- <task:annotation-driven /> -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.*" />

	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:redis.properties" />
	<bean id="poolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig">
		<property name="maxIdle" value="${redis.maxIdle}" />
		<property name="maxTotal" value="${redis.maxTotal}" />
		<property name="maxWaitMillis" value="${redis.maxWaitMillis}" />
		<property name="testOnBorrow" value="${redis.testOnBorrow}" />
	</bean>

	<bean id="connectionFactory"
		class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory"
		p:host-name="${redis.host}" p:port="${redis.port}" p:password="${redis.pass}"
		p:pool-config-ref="poolConfig" />

	<bean id="redisTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate">
		<property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory" />
		<property name="keySerializer">
			<bean
				class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer" />
		</property>
		<property name="valueSerializer">
			<bean
				class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.JdkSerializationRedisSerializer" />
		</property>
		<!-- <property name="enableTransactionSupport" value="true" /> -->

	</bean>
</beans>

User.java

package com.redis;
import java.io.Serializable;

public class User implements Serializable{
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	private long id;
	private String name;

	public long getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";
	}

	public User(long id, String name) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
	}

	public User() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
}

[b]使用内部JdkSerializationRedisSerializer工具进行序列化[/b]
main

package com.redis;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ValueOperations;

public class SpringDataRedisTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:/applicationContext.xml");

		RedisTemplate redisTemplate = (RedisTemplate) applicationContext.getBean("redisTemplate");
		System.out.println("redisTemplate == " + redisTemplate);

		ValueOperations<String, User> valueOper = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
		User u1 = new User(10, "zhangsan");
		User u2 = new User(11, "lisi");
		valueOper.set("u:u1", u1);
		valueOper.set("u:u2", u2);

		User User = valueOper.get("u:u1");
		System.out.println("User == " + User.toString());
		User User2 = valueOper.get("u:u2");
		System.out.println("User2 == " + User2.toString());
	}
}

[b]使用外部jackson工具进行序列化[/b]
1.因为使用内部的序列化工具创建ValueOperations时要指定对象的ClassType,用外部序列化工具可以全部基于String(接口统一),如

ValueOperations<String, User> valueOper = redisTemplate.opsForValue(); //取得一个新的ValueOperations,要指定User

main

package com.redis;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class SpringDataRedisOtherJsonTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:/applicationContext.xml");

		RedisClientTest redisClientTest = (RedisClientTest) applicationContext.getBean("redisClientTest");
		System.out.println("redisClientTest == " + redisClientTest);

		User user1 = new User();
		user1.setId(21);
		user1.setName("obama21");
		redisClientTest.insertUser(user1);
		System.out.println("insertUser");

		User user2 = redisClientTest.getUser(21);
		System.out.println("user2 == " + user2.toString());

	}
}

JsonRedisSeriaziler.java

package com.redis;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonGenerationException;
import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonParseException;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.JsonMappingException;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service("jsonRedisSeriaziler")
public class JsonRedisSeriaziler {
	private ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();

	/**
	 * java-object as json-string
	 *
	 * @param object
	 * @return
	 */
	public String seriazileAsString(Object object) {
		if (object == null) {
			return null;
		}

		try {
			return this.objectMapper.writeValueAsString(object);
		} catch (JsonGenerationException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (JsonMappingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * json-string to java-object
	 *
	 * @param str
	 * @return
	 */
	public <T> T deserializeAsObject(String str, Class<T> clazz) {
		if (str == null || clazz == null) {
			return null;
		}
		try {
			return this.objectMapper.readValue(str, clazz);
		} catch (JsonParseException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (JsonMappingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		return null;
	}
}

RedisClientTest.java

package com.redis;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ValueOperations;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service("redisClientTest")
public class RedisClientTest {

	@Resource(name = "jsonRedisSeriaziler")
	private JsonRedisSeriaziler seriaziler;

	@Resource(name = "redisTemplate")
	private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;

	public void insertUser(User user) {
		ValueOperations<String, String> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
		operations.set("user:" + user.getId(), seriaziler.seriazileAsString(user));
	}

	public User getUser(long id) {
		ValueOperations<String, String> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
		String json = operations.get("user:" + id);
		System.out.println("json ==" + json);
		return seriaziler.deserializeAsObject(json, User.class);
	}
}

参考原文：[url]http://shift-alt-ctrl.iteye.com/blog/1886831[/url]


[b]Spring-data-redis事务[/b]
1.enableTransactionSupport：是否启用事务支持。要在XML文件中进行配置(StringRedisTemplate的属性)
2.enableTransactionSupport为true时，系统自动帮我们拿到了事务中绑定的连接。可以在一个方法的多次对Redis增删该查中，始终使用同一个连接。
但是，即使使用了同样的连接，没有进行connection.multi()和connection.exec()，依然是无法启用事务的。
3.sdr提供SessionCallback接口用于同线程的多操作执行。（同一个连接）

非连接池环境下，事务操作；对于sdr而言，每次操作(例如，get，set)都有会从pool中获取connection；
因此在连接池环境下，使用事务需要注意。

public void saveNoPoolUser(final User user) {
	redisTemplate.watch("user:" + user.getId());
	redisTemplate.multi();
	ValueOperations<String, String> tvo = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
	tvo.set("user:" + user.getId(), seriaziler.seriazileAsString(user));
	redisTemplate.exec();
}

在连接池环境中，需要借助sessionCallback来绑定connection

public void savePoolUser(final User user) {
	SessionCallback<User> sessionCallback = new SessionCallback<User>() {
    @Override
    public User execute(RedisOperations operations) throws DataAccessException {
        operations.multi();
        String key = "user:" + user.getId();
        ValueOperations<String, String> oper = operations.opsForValue();
        oper.set(key,seriaziler.seriazileAsString(user));
        operations.exec();
        return user;
    }
};
redisTemplate.execute(sessionCallback);
}

SpringDataRedisTransactional.java

package com.redis;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class SpringDataRedisTransactional {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:/applicationContext.xml");

		RedisClientTest redisClientTest = (RedisClientTest) applicationContext.getBean("redisClientTest");
		System.out.println("redisClientTest == " + redisClientTest);

		User user1 = new User();
		user1.setId(33);
		user1.setName("obama31 55");
		redisClientTest.savePoolUser(user1);
		System.out.println("insertUser");

		User user2 = redisClientTest.getUser(33);
		System.out.println("user2 == " + user2.toString());

	}
}

RedisClientTest.java

package com.redis;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisOperations;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.SessionCallback;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ValueOperations;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@Service("redisClientTest")
public class RedisClientTest {

	@Resource(name = "jsonRedisSeriaziler")
	private JsonRedisSeriaziler seriaziler;

	@Resource(name = "redisTemplate")
	private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;

	public void insertUser(User user) {
		ValueOperations<String, String> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
		operations.set("user:" + user.getId(), seriaziler.seriazileAsString(user));
	}

	public User getUser(long id) {
		ValueOperations<String, String> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
		String json = operations.get("user:" + id);
		System.out.println("json ==" + json);
		return seriaziler.deserializeAsObject(json, User.class);
	}

	public void savePoolUser(final User user) {
		SessionCallback<User> sessionCallback = new SessionCallback<User>() {
			@Override
			public User execute(RedisOperations operations) throws DataAccessException {
				operations.multi();
				String key = "user:" + user.getId();
				ValueOperations<String, String> oper = operations.opsForValue();
				oper.set(key, seriaziler.seriazileAsString(user));
				operations.exec();
				return user;
			}
		};
		redisTemplate.execute(sessionCallback);
	}

	public void saveNoPoolUser(final User user) {
		redisTemplate.watch("user:" + user.getId());
		redisTemplate.multi();
		ValueOperations<String, String> tvo = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
		tvo.set("user:" + user.getId(), seriaziler.seriazileAsString(user));
		redisTemplate.exec();
	}
}

[b]Pipeline[/b]
1.就是先将命令缓存起来，到时一次打包发送到redis服务器进行处理
2.通过pipeline方式当有大批量的操作时候，我们可以节省很多原来浪费在网络延迟的时间，需要注意到是用pipeline方式打包命令发送，
redis必须在处理完所有命令前先缓存起所有命令的处理结果。打包的命令越多，缓存消耗内存也越多。所以并不是打包的命令越多越好。


[b]如果存储的是数字（当然值的序列化方式要先用StringRedisSerializer否则不能用increment）[/b]

package com.redis;

import java.io.Serializable;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ValueOperations;

public class SpringDataRedisTestLong {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:/applicationContext.xml");

		RedisTemplate redisTemplate = (RedisTemplate) applicationContext.getBean("redisTemplate");
		System.out.println("redisTemplate == " + redisTemplate);

		ValueOperations<String, Serializable> valueOper = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
		long i = 10245;
		valueOper.set("u:u53", String.valueOf(i));

		System.out.println("redisTemplate == 100");
		valueOper.increment("u:u53", 3L);//负数实现减操作
		System.out.println("redisTemplate == 100");

		String User = (String) valueOper.get("u:u53");
		System.out.println("User == " + User);

		long j =Long.parseLong(User);
		System.out.println("j == " + j);
	}
}

参考原文：[url]http://www.cnblogs.com/luochengqiuse/p/4640932.html[/b][/url]
参考原文：[url]http://shift-alt-ctrl.iteye.com/blog/1887370[/url]
参考原文：[url]http://shift-alt-ctrl.iteye.com/blog/1886831[/url]
参考原文（性能对比）：[url]http://blog.csdn.net/u010739551/article/details/48165063[/url]

[b]所用到的jar包如下：[/b]