Springboot 自动装配@EnableAutoConfiguration 学习

Springboot 能自动配置。零配置功能由@EnableAutoConfiguration 实现的。 学习EnableAutoConfiguration  注解。

整个链路是

@EnableAutoConfiguration   >>   @AutoConfigurationImportSelector  >>  SpringFactoriesLoader >> META-INF/spring.factories

//由这个注解实现业务
@AutoConfigurationImportSelector

@Override
	public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
		if (!isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
			return NO_IMPORTS;
		}
		AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata = AutoConfigurationMetadataLoader
				.loadMetadata(this.beanClassLoader);
		AnnotationAttributes attributes = getAttributes(annotationMetadata);
        //加载配置spring.factory 
		List<String> configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata,
				attributes);
		configurations = removeDuplicates(configurations);
		Set<String> exclusions = getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);
		checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);
		configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
		configurations = filter(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata);
		fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
		return StringUtils.toStringArray(configurations);
	}

 进入 getCandidateConfigurations 方法

/**
	 * Return the auto-configuration class names that should be considered. By default
	 * this method will load candidates using {@link SpringFactoriesLoader} with
	 * {@link #getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass()}.
	 * @param metadata the source metadata
	 * @param attributes the {@link #getAttributes(AnnotationMetadata) annotation
	 * attributes}
	 * @return a list of candidate configurations
       返回自动配置的那些类，默认情况由SpringFactoriesLoader类处理。 
       SpringFactoriesLoader类会处理 META-INF/spring.factories 文件。     
	 */
	protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata,
			AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
		List<String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(
				getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), getBeanClassLoader());
		Assert.notEmpty(configurations,
				"No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you "
						+ "are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
		return configurations;
	}

 进入SpringFactoriesLoader类看！主要是loadSpringFactories 方法操作。读取META-INF/spring.factories文件

 private static Map<String, List<String>> loadSpringFactories(@Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
        MultiValueMap<String, String> result = (MultiValueMap)cache.get(classLoader);
        if (result != null) {
            return result;
        } else {
            try {
                Enumeration<URL> urls = classLoader != null ? classLoader.getResources("META-INF/spring.factories") : ClassLoader.getSystemResources("META-INF/spring.factories");
                LinkedMultiValueMap result = new LinkedMultiValueMap();

                while(urls.hasMoreElements()) {
                    URL url = (URL)urls.nextElement();
                    UrlResource resource = new UrlResource(url);
                    Properties properties = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(resource);
                    Iterator var6 = properties.entrySet().iterator();

                    while(var6.hasNext()) {
                        Entry<?, ?> entry = (Entry)var6.next();
                        List<String> factoryClassNames = Arrays.asList(StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray((String)entry.getValue()));
                        result.addAll((String)entry.getKey(), factoryClassNames);
                    }
                }

                cache.put(classLoader, result);
                return result;
            } catch (IOException var9) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unable to load factories from location [META-INF/spring.factories]", var9);
            }
        }
    }

 

实例，动手搭建一个springboot starter

//标志这个配置。
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass(PubService.class)
@EnableConfigurationProperties(PubProperties.class)
public class PubClientConfiguration {





    @Bean
    public PubClient buildPubClient(PubProperties pubProperties){

        InitConfig.init(pubProperties.getUrl());
        return PubClient.getInstance();

    }


    @Bean
    public PubService buildPubService(PubClient pubClient, RestTemplate restTemplate){
        return new PubServiceImpl(pubClient, restTemplate);
    }

}

spring.factories

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
  com.hzrys.pub.client.PubClientConfiguration