责任链(Chain Of Resonsibility)
角色:
抽象处理者角色:定义出一个处理请求的接口,接口可以定义出一个或多个方法,以设定具体处理者所做的动作。
具体处理角色:具体处理者接到请求后,可以选择地将请求处理掉,或者将请求传递给下一个具体处理角色。
类图:
下面是我写的扩展实例,可以增加自定义的链,以便用字符串处理,原代码:
接口:
package com.design.chain;
public interface Filter
{
public String doFilter(String target);
}
两个具体处理类:
package com.design.chain;
public class ServiceFilter implements Filter
{
@Override
public String doFilter(String target)
{
String str = target;
if(null!=target)
{
str =str.replace("服务", "已处理服务");
}
return str;
}
}
package com.design.chain;
public class JodFilter implements Filter
{
@Override
public String doFilter(String target)
{
String str = target;
if(null!=target)
{
str =str.replace("被就业", "就业");
}
return str;
}
}
自定义封装的处理链:
package com.design.chain;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class FilterChain
{
ArrayList<Filter> filters = new ArrayList<Filter>();
public FilterChain addFilter(Filter filter)
{
this.filters.add(filter);
return this;
}
public String doFilter(String target)
{
String str = target;
for(Filter f : filters)
{
str=f.doFilter(str);
}
return str;
}
}
可以设置不同的链:
package com.design.chain;
public class ManagerFilter
{
private String message;
private FilterChain filterChain;
public String getMessage()
{
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message)
{
this.message = message;
}
public FilterChain getFilterChain()
{
return filterChain;
}
public void setFilterChain(FilterChain filterChain)
{
this.filterChain = filterChain;
}
public String process()
{
return filterChain.doFilter(message);
}
}
测试类:
package com.design.chain;
public class Client
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String message = "服务,,,被就业";
ManagerFilter manager =new ManagerFilter();
FilterChain chain = new FilterChain();
manager.setMessage(message);
chain.addFilter(new JodFilter()).addFilter(new ServiceFilter());
manager.setFilterChain(chain);
String result=manager.process();
System.out.println(result);
}
}
结果:
已处理服务,,,就业
责任链应用比较典型的例子就是struts2的拦截器了,当然还有Servlet中的过滤器,struts2的接截器就是基于过滤器来实现的,下面是过滤器原理图: