应用启动的一些常用adb命令

am命令格式如下

通过在adb直接输入am命令可看到说明信息，分为两个部分，一个是命令，一个是Intent参数。

Activity manager (activity) commands:
  help
      Print this help text.
  start-activity [-D] [-N] [-W] [-P <FILE>] [--start-profiler <FILE>]
          [--sampling INTERVAL] [--streaming] [-R COUNT] [-S]
          [--track-allocation] [--user <USER_ID> | current] <INTENT>
      Start an Activity.  Options are:
      -D: enable debugging
      -N: enable native debugging
      -W: wait for launch to complete
      --start-profiler <FILE>: start profiler and send results to <FILE>
      --sampling INTERVAL: use sample profiling with INTERVAL microseconds
          between samples (use with --start-profiler)
      --streaming: stream the profiling output to the specified file
          (use with --start-profiler)
      -P <FILE>: like above, but profiling stops when app goes idle
      --attach-agent <agent>: attach the given agent before binding
      --attach-agent-bind <agent>: attach the given agent during binding
      -R: repeat the activity launch <COUNT> times.  Prior to each repeat,
          the top activity will be finished.
      -S: force stop the target app before starting the activity
      --track-allocation: enable tracking of object allocations
      --user <USER_ID> | current: Specify which user to run as; if not
          specified then run as the current user.
      --windowingMode <WINDOWING_MODE>: The windowing mode to launch the activity into.
      --activityType <ACTIVITY_TYPE>: The activity type to launch the activity as.
      --display <DISPLAY_ID>: The display to launch the activity into.
  start-service [--user <USER_ID> | current] <INTENT>
      Start a Service.  Options are:
      --user <USER_ID> | current: Specify which user to run as; if not
          specified then run as the current user.
  start-foreground-service [--user <USER_ID> | current] <INTENT>
      Start a foreground Service.  Options are:
      --user <USER_ID> | current: Specify which user to run as; if not
          specified then run as the current user.
  stop-service [--user <USER_ID> | current] <INTENT>
      Stop a Service.  Options are:
      --user <USER_ID> | current: Specify which user to run as; if not
          specified then run as the current user.
  broadcast [--user <USER_ID> | all | current] <INTENT>
      Send a broadcast Intent.  Options are:
      --user <USER_ID> | all | current: Specify which user to send to; if not
          specified then send to all users.
      --receiver-permission <PERMISSION>: Require receiver to hold permission.
      --allow-background-activity-starts: The receiver may start activities
          even if in the background.
  instrument [-r] [-e <NAME> <VALUE>] [-p <FILE>] [-w]
          [--user <USER_ID> | current]
          [--no-hidden-api-checks [--no-test-api-access]]
          [--no-isolated-storage]
          [--no-window-animation] [--abi <ABI>] <COMPONENT>
      Start an Instrumentation.  Typically this target <COMPONENT> is in the
      form <TEST_PACKAGE>/<RUNNER_CLASS> or only <TEST_PACKAGE> if there
      is only one instrumentation.  Options are:
      -r: print raw results (otherwise decode REPORT_KEY_STREAMRESULT).  Use with
          [-e perf true] to generate raw output for performance measurements.
      -e <NAME> <VALUE>: set argument <NAME> to <VALUE>.  For test runners a
          common form is [-e <testrunner_flag> <value>[,<value>...]].
      -p <FILE>: write profiling data to <FILE>
      -m: Write output as protobuf to stdout (machine readable)
      -f <Optional PATH/TO/FILE>: Write output as protobuf to a file (machine
          readable). If path is not specified, default directory and file name will
          be used: /sdcard/instrument-logs/log-yyyyMMdd-hhmmss-SSS.instrumentation_data_proto
      -w: wait for instrumentation to finish before returning.  Required for
          test runners.
      --user <USER_ID> | current: Specify user instrumentation runs in;
          current user if not specified.
      --no-hidden-api-checks: disable restrictions on use of hidden API.
      --no-test-api-access: do not allow access to test APIs, if hidden
          API checks are enabled.
      --no-isolated-storage: don't use isolated storage sandbox and 
          mount full external storage
      --no-window-animation: turn off window animations while running.
      --abi <ABI>: Launch the instrumented process with the selected ABI.
          This assumes that the process supports the selected ABI.
  trace-ipc [start|stop] [--dump-file <FILE>]
      Trace IPC transactions.
      start: start tracing IPC transactions.
      stop: stop tracing IPC transactions and dump the results to file.
      --dump-file <FILE>: Specify the file the trace should be dumped to.
  profile start [--user <USER_ID> current]
          [--sampling INTERVAL | --streaming] <PROCESS> <FILE>
      Start profiler on a process.  The given <PROCESS> argument
        may be either a process name or pid.  Options are:
      --user <USER_ID> | current: When supplying a process name,
          specify user of process to profile; uses current user if not
          specified.
      --sampling INTERVAL: use sample profiling with INTERVAL microseconds
          between samples.
      --streaming: stream the profiling output to the specified file.
  profile stop [--user <USER_ID> current] <PROCESS>
      Stop profiler on a process.  The given <PROCESS> argument
        may be either a process name or pid.  Options are:
      --user <USER_ID> | current: When supplying a process name,
          specify user of process to profile; uses current user if not
          specified.
  dumpheap [--user <USER_ID> current] [-n] [-g] <PROCESS> <FILE>
      Dump the heap of a process.  The given <PROCESS> argument may
        be either a process name or pid.  Options are:
      -n: dump native heap instead of managed heap
      -g: force GC before dumping the heap
      --user <USER_ID> | current: When supplying a process name,
          specify user of process to dump; uses current user if not specified.
  set-debug-app [-w] [--persistent] <PACKAGE>
      Set application <PACKAGE> to debug.  Options are:
      -w: wait for debugger when application starts
      --persistent: retain this value
  clear-debug-app
      Clear the previously set-debug-app.
  set-watch-heap <PROCESS> <MEM-LIMIT>
      Start monitoring pss size of <PROCESS>, if it is at or
      above <HEAP-LIMIT> then a heap dump is collected for the user to report.
  clear-watch-heap
      Clear the previously set-watch-heap.
  clear-exit-info [--user <USER_ID> | all | current] [package]
      Clear the process exit-info for given package
  bug-report [--progress | --telephony]
      Request bug report generation; will launch a notification
        when done to select where it should be delivered. Options are:
     --progress: will launch a notification right away to show its progress.
     --telephony: will dump only telephony sections.
  force-stop [--user <USER_ID> | all | current] <PACKAGE>
      Completely stop the given application package.
  crash [--user <USER_ID>] <PACKAGE|PID>
      Induce a VM crash in the specified package or process
  kill [--user <USER_ID> | all | current] <PACKAGE>
      Kill all background processes associated with the given application.
  kill-all
      Kill all processes that are safe to kill (cached, etc).
  make-uid-idle [--user <USER_ID> | all | current] <PACKAGE>
      If the given application's uid is in the background and waiting to
      become idle (not allowing background services), do that now.
  monitor [--gdb <port>]
      Start monitoring for crashes or ANRs.
      --gdb: start gdbserv on the given port at crash/ANR
  watch-uids [--oom <uid>]
      Start watching for and reporting uid state changes.
      --oom: specify a uid for which to report detailed change messages.
  hang [--allow-restart]
      Hang the system.
      --allow-restart: allow watchdog to perform normal system restart
  restart
      Restart the user-space system.
  idle-maintenance
      Perform idle maintenance now.
  screen-compat [on|off] <PACKAGE>
      Control screen compatibility mode of <PACKAGE>.
  package-importance <PACKAGE>
      Print current importance of <PACKAGE>.
  to-uri [INTENT]
      Print the given Intent specification as a URI.
  to-intent-uri [INTENT]
      Print the given Intent specification as an intent: URI.
  to-app-uri [INTENT]
      Print the given Intent specification as an android-app: URI.
  switch-user <USER_ID>
      Switch to put USER_ID in the foreground, starting
      execution of that user if it is currently stopped.
  get-current-user
      Returns id of the current foreground user.
  start-user [-w] <USER_ID>
      Start USER_ID in background if it is currently stopped;
      use switch-user if you want to start the user in foreground.
      -w: wait for start-user to complete and the user to be unlocked.
  unlock-user <USER_ID> [TOKEN_HEX]
      Attempt to unlock the given user using the given authorization token.
  stop-user [-w] [-f] <USER_ID>
      Stop execution of USER_ID, not allowing it to run any
      code until a later explicit start or switch to it.
      -w: wait for stop-user to complete.
      -f: force stop even if there are related users that cannot be stopped.
  is-user-stopped <USER_ID>
      Returns whether <USER_ID> has been stopped or not.
  get-started-user-state <USER_ID>
      Gets the current state of the given started user.
  track-associations
      Enable association tracking.
  untrack-associations
      Disable and clear association tracking.
  get-uid-state <UID>
      Gets the process state of an app given its <UID>.
  attach-agent <PROCESS> <FILE>
    Attach an agent to the specified <PROCESS>, which may be either a process name or a PID.
  get-config [--days N] [--device] [--proto] [--display <DISPLAY_ID>]
      Retrieve the configuration and any recent configurations of the device.
      --days: also return last N days of configurations that have been seen.
      --device: also output global device configuration info.
      --proto: return result as a proto; does not include --days info.
      --display: Specify for which display to run the command; if not 
          specified then run for the default display.
  supports-multiwindow
      Returns true if the device supports multiwindow.
  supports-split-screen-multi-window
      Returns true if the device supports split screen multiwindow.
  suppress-resize-config-changes <true|false>
      Suppresses configuration changes due to user resizing an activity/task.
  set-inactive [--user <USER_ID>] <PACKAGE> true|false
      Sets the inactive state of an app.
  get-inactive [--user <USER_ID>] <PACKAGE>
      Returns the inactive state of an app.
  set-standby-bucket [--user <USER_ID>] <PACKAGE> active|working_set|frequent|rare
      Puts an app in the standby bucket.
  get-standby-bucket [--user <USER_ID>] <PACKAGE>
      Returns the standby bucket of an app.
  send-trim-memory [--user <USER_ID>] <PROCESS>
          [HIDDEN|RUNNING_MODERATE|BACKGROUND|RUNNING_LOW|MODERATE|RUNNING_CRITICAL|COMPLETE]
      Send a memory trim event to a <PROCESS>.  May also supply a raw trim int level.
  display [COMMAND] [...]: sub-commands for operating on displays.
       move-stack <STACK_ID> <DISPLAY_ID>
           Move <STACK_ID> from its current display to <DISPLAY_ID>.
  stack [COMMAND] [...]: sub-commands for operating on activity stacks.
       move-task <TASK_ID> <STACK_ID> [true|false]
           Move <TASK_ID> from its current stack to the top (true) or
           bottom (false) of <STACK_ID>.
       resize-docked-stack <LEFT,TOP,RIGHT,BOTTOM> [<TASK_LEFT,TASK_TOP,TASK_RIGHT,TASK_BOTTOM>]
           Change docked stack to <LEFT,TOP,RIGHT,BOTTOM>
           and supplying temporary different task bounds indicated by
           <TASK_LEFT,TOP,RIGHT,BOTTOM>
       move-top-activity-to-pinned-stack: <STACK_ID> <LEFT,TOP,RIGHT,BOTTOM>
           Moves the top activity from
           <STACK_ID> to the pinned stack using <LEFT,TOP,RIGHT,BOTTOM> for the
           bounds of the pinned stack.
       positiontask <TASK_ID> <STACK_ID> <POSITION>
           Place <TASK_ID> in <STACK_ID> at <POSITION>
       list
           List all of the activity stacks and their sizes.
       info <WINDOWING_MODE> <ACTIVITY_TYPE>
           Display the information about activity stack in <WINDOWING_MODE> and <ACTIVITY_TYPE>.
       remove <STACK_ID>
           Remove stack <STACK_ID>.
  task [COMMAND] [...]: sub-commands for operating on activity tasks.
       lock <TASK_ID>
           Bring <TASK_ID> to the front and don't allow other tasks to run.
       lock stop
           End the current task lock.
       resizeable <TASK_ID> [0|1|2|3]
           Change resizeable mode of <TASK_ID> to one of the following:
           0: unresizeable
           1: crop_windows
           2: resizeable
           3: resizeable_and_pipable
       resize <TASK_ID> <LEFT,TOP,RIGHT,BOTTOM>
           Makes sure <TASK_ID> is in a stack with the specified bounds.
           Forces the task to be resizeable and creates a stack if no existing stack
           has the specified bounds.
  update-appinfo <USER_ID> <PACKAGE_NAME> [<PACKAGE_NAME>...]
      Update the ApplicationInfo objects of the listed packages for <USER_ID>
      without restarting any processes.
  write
      Write all pending state to storage.
  compat [COMMAND] [...]: sub-commands for toggling app-compat changes.
         enable|disable|reset <CHANGE_ID|CHANGE_NAME> <PACKAGE_NAME>
            Toggles a change either by id or by name for <PACKAGE_NAME>.
            It kills <PACKAGE_NAME> (to allow the toggle to take effect).
         enable-all|disable-all <targetSdkVersion> <PACKAGE_NAME
            Toggles all changes that are gated by <targetSdkVersion>.
         reset-all <PACKAGE_NAME>
            Removes all existing overrides for all changes for 
            <PACKAGE_NAME> (back to default behaviour).
            It kills <PACKAGE_NAME> (to allow the toggle to take effect).

<INTENT> specifications include these flags and arguments:
    [-a <ACTION>] [-d <DATA_URI>] [-t <MIME_TYPE>] [-i <IDENTIFIER>]
    [-c <CATEGORY> [-c <CATEGORY>] ...]
    [-n <COMPONENT_NAME>]
    [-e|--es <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_STRING_VALUE> ...]
    [--esn <EXTRA_KEY> ...]
    [--ez <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_BOOLEAN_VALUE> ...]
    [--ei <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_INT_VALUE> ...]
    [--el <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_LONG_VALUE> ...]
    [--ef <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_FLOAT_VALUE> ...]
    [--eu <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_URI_VALUE> ...]
    [--ecn <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_COMPONENT_NAME_VALUE>]
    [--eia <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_INT_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_INT_VALUE...]]
        (mutiple extras passed as Integer[])
    [--eial <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_INT_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_INT_VALUE...]]
        (mutiple extras passed as List<Integer>)
    [--ela <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_LONG_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_LONG_VALUE...]]
        (mutiple extras passed as Long[])
    [--elal <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_LONG_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_LONG_VALUE...]]
        (mutiple extras passed as List<Long>)
    [--efa <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_FLOAT_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_FLOAT_VALUE...]]
        (mutiple extras passed as Float[])
    [--efal <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_FLOAT_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_FLOAT_VALUE...]]
        (mutiple extras passed as List<Float>)
    [--esa <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_STRING_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_STRING_VALUE...]]
        (mutiple extras passed as String[]; to embed a comma into a string,
         escape it using "\,")
    [--esal <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_STRING_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_STRING_VALUE...]]
        (mutiple extras passed as List<String>; to embed a comma into a string,
         escape it using "\,")
    [-f <FLAG>]
    [--grant-read-uri-permission] [--grant-write-uri-permission]
    [--grant-persistable-uri-permission] [--grant-prefix-uri-permission]
    [--debug-log-resolution] [--exclude-stopped-packages]
    [--include-stopped-packages]
    [--activity-brought-to-front] [--activity-clear-top]
    [--activity-clear-when-task-reset] [--activity-exclude-from-recents]
    [--activity-launched-from-history] [--activity-multiple-task]
    [--activity-no-animation] [--activity-no-history]
    [--activity-no-user-action] [--activity-previous-is-top]
    [--activity-reorder-to-front] [--activity-reset-task-if-needed]
    [--activity-single-top] [--activity-clear-task]
    [--activity-task-on-home] [--activity-match-external]
    [--receiver-registered-only] [--receiver-replace-pending]
    [--receiver-foreground] [--receiver-no-abort]
    [--receiver-include-background]
    [--selector]
    [<URI> | <PACKAGE> | <COMPONENT>]

启动Activity

• 显式启动，常规启动使用：

am start packageName/ActivityName

隐式启动：

am start -a actionName pacakgeName

• 系统应用启动

am start -W com.oppo.camera

• 普通应用想通过包名启动，分两个阶段

//1.通过monkey命令查询b得到启动activity（关注 + Using main activity这一行即可！！！）
monkey -v -v -v  -p com.example.component  -c android.intent.category.LAUNCHER 0
bash arg: -v
  bash arg: -v
  bash arg: -v
  bash arg: -p
  bash arg: com.example.component
  bash arg: -c
  bash arg: android.intent.category.LAUNCHER
  bash arg: 0
args: [-v, -v, -v, -p, com.example.component, -c, android.intent.category.LAUNCHER, 0]
 arg: "-v"
 arg: "-v"
 arg: "-v"
 arg: "-p"
 arg: "com.example.component"
 arg: "-c"
 arg: "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"
 arg: "0"
data="com.example.component"
data="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"
.ConversationList (from package com.android.mms)
//   - NOT USING main activity com.coloros.weather.main.view.WeatherMainActivity (from package com.coloros.weather2)
//   - NOT USING main activity com.dianping.v1.NovaMainActivity (from package com.dianping.v1)
//   - NOT USING main activity com.duowan.kiwi.simpleactivity.SplashActivity (from package com.duowan.kiwi)
//   - NOT USING main activity com.eg.android.AlipayGphone.AlipayLogin (from package com.eg.android.AlipayGphone)
//   + Using main activity com.example.component.MainActivity (from package com.example.component)
//   - NOT USING main activity com.mc10086.cmcc.base.StartPageActivity (from package com.greenpoint.android.mc10086.activity)
//   - NOT USING main activity com.heytap.health.oobe.LaunchActivity (from package com.heytap.health)
## Network stats: elapsed time=49ms (0ms mobile, 0ms wifi, 49ms not connected)
// Monkey finished

//2.获取activity再结合包名启动（参考前面）

启动Service

am startservice
am stopservice

发送广播

给未启动应用发送广播，用于启动

//参考intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_INCLUDE_STOPPED_PACKAGES)
am broadcast -a com.example.component.StartAction -f 32 com.example.component

//必须以静态广播方式注册
<receiver
    android:name=".StartReceiver"
    android:enabled="true"
    android:exported="true">
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="com.example.component.StartAction"/>
    </intent-filter>
</receiver>

启动instrument测试（自动化测试很多使用这里的原理）

am instrument 测试apk包名/测试apk中的Instrumentaion实现类，原生是AndroidJUnitRunner