1 系统需求
Linux环境:rhel-5.3-server-i386-dvd.iso
Oracle: Oracle 10g
2 Linux环境安装
2.1 内核版本要求
[oracle@localhost ~]$ uname -r
2.6.18-128.el5
2.2 检查计算机配置
[root@localhost home]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 1035244 kB
[root@localhost home]# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
SwapTotal: 2096472 kB
[root@localhost home]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda2 15G 2.7G 11G 20% /
/dev/sda5 12G 160M 12G 2% /home
/dev/sda1 996M 39M 906M 5% /boot
tmpfs 506M 0 506M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/hdc 2.9G 2.9G 0 100% /media/RHEL_5.3 i386 DVD
/dev/hdc 2.9G 2.9G 0 100% /mnt
2.3 程序包安装和更新
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q gcc make binutils openmotif setarch compat-db compat-gcc openmotif compat-gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++ compat-libstdc++-devel
gcc-4.1.2-44.el5
make-3.81-3.el5
binutils-2.17.50.0.6-9.el5
package openmotif is not installed
setarch-2.0-1.1
package compat-db is not installed
package compat-gcc is not installed
package openmotif is not installed
package compat-gcc-c++ is not installed
package compat-libstdc++ is not installed
package compat-libstdc++-devel is not installed
挂载ISO镜像
mount –o loop –t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt
安装package openmotif
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -Uvh openmotif-2.3.1-2.el5.i386.rpm warning: openmotif-2.3.1-2.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186 error: Failed dependencies: libXp.so.6 is needed by openmotif-2.3.1-2.el5.i386 [root@localhost Server]# rpm -Uvh libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm warning: libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186 Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:libXp ########################################### [100%] [root@localhost Server]# rpm -Uvh openmotif-2.3.1-2.el5.i386.rpm warning: openmotif-2.3.1-2.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186 Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:openmotif ########################################### [100%] |
安装package compat-db
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -Uvh compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.i386.rpm warning: compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:compat-db ########################################### [100%] |
安装package compat-gcc
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -ivh compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm warning: compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186 Preparing... ########################################### [100%] package compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.i386 is already installed |
安装package openmotif
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -ivh openmotif22-2.2.3-18.i386.rpm warning: openmotif22-2.2.3-18.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 3 7017186 Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:openmotif22 ########################################### [100%] |
安装package compat-gcc-c++
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm warning: compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186 Preparing... ########################################### [100%] package compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-4.i386 is already installed |
package compat-libstdc++
|
package compat-libstdc++-devel
|
2.4 遗留问题
还有3个包没有装上
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q gcc make binutils openmotif setarch compat-db compat-gcc openmotif compat-gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++ compat-libstdc++-devel gcc-4.1.2-44.el5 make-3.81-3.el5 binutils-2.17.50.0.6-9.el5 openmotif-2.3.1-2.el5 setarch-2.0-1.1 compat-db-4.2.52-5.1 compat-gcc-7.3-2.96.122 openmotif-2.3.1-2.el5 package compat-gcc-c++ is not installed package compat-libstdc++ is not installed package compat-libstdc++-devel is not installed |
3 Oracle环境的配置
3.1 创建Oracle用户组
创建组用户:
#/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
#/usr/sbin/groupadd dba
创建用户,并设定用户组
#/usr/sbin/useradd –g oinstall –G dba oracle
#mkdir –p /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
#chown –R oracle.oinstall /oracle
#chmod –R 775 /oracle
设定oracle用户密码
#passwd oracle
3.2 修改环境变量
编辑.bash_profile文件,由于linux默认的shell使用的是bash。
.bash_profile添加的内容
3.3 设定系统核心参数
Linux 内核非常出色。Linux 允许在系统启动和运行时修改大多数内核参数。完成内核参
数更改后不必重新启动系统。Oracle 数据库 10g 需要以下所示的内核参数设置。其中给出的是最小值,因此如果您的系统使用的值较大,则不要更改它。
[root@localhost ~]# cat >>/etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF > kernel.shmall = 2097152 > kernel.shmmax = 2147483648 > kernel.shmmni = 4096 > kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 > fs.file-max = 65536 > net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 > EOF |
保存文件后执行以下命令激活更改.
# /sbin/sysctl –p
[root@localhost ~]# /sbin/sysctl -p net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 kernel.sysrq = 0 kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 kernel.msgmnb = 65536 kernel.msgmax = 65536 kernel.shmmax = 4294967295 kernel.shmall = 268435456 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 2147483648 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max = 65536 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 |
3.4 创建安装目录
# mkdir -p /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
3.5 修改redhat发行标识
获得Oracle10g认证的Redhat Linux最高版本为redhat-4, 所以需要修改redhat-release文件。
# vi /etc/redhat-release
# Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.3 (Tikanga)
redhat-4
3.6 Oracle用户设置Shell限制
Oracle 建议对每个 Linux 帐户可以使用的进程数和打开的文件数设置限制。要进行这些更改,以 root 用户的身份执行下列命令:
[root@localhost ~]# cat >>/etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF > oracle soft nproc 2047 > oracle hard nproc 16384 > oracle soft nofile 1024 > oracle hard nofile 65536 > EOF |
[root@localhost ~]# cat >>/etc/pam.d/login <<EOF > session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so > EOF |
以root 用户身份运行以下命令:
[root@localhost ~]# cat >>/etc/profile <<EOF > if [ \$USER = "oracle" ]; then > if [ \$SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then > ulimit -p 16384 > ulimit -n 65536 > else > ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 > fi > umask 022 > fi > EOF |
[root@localhost ~]# cat >>/etc/csh.login <<EOF > if ( \$USER == "oracle") then > limit maxproc 16384 > limit descriptors 65536 > umask 022 > endif > EOF |
3.7 Oracle用户语言环境
以oracle用户身份运行以下命令:
$ touch .i18n $ vi .i18n LC_CTYPE="en" |
3.8 Oracle用户环境变量
以 oracle 身份登录,并通过在 .bash_profile 或 .profile(bash 或 ksh)中添加以下行,将 ORACLE_BASE 添加到登录配置文件:
$ vi .bash_profile # For Oracle TMP=/tmp; export TMP TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR ORACLE_BASE=/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID=ERP; export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH |
4 Oracle的安装
4.1 软件要求
10201_database_linux32.zip
4.2 安装Oracle过程
以ROOT用户身份进行安装
$ unzip 10201_database_linux32.zip $ cd database $ ./runInstaller |
使用root 执行如下脚本,分别执行
[root@localhost oraInventory]# ./orainstRoot.sh |
[root@localhost db_1]# ./root.sh Running Oracle10 root.sh script...
The following environment variables are set as: ORACLE_OWNER= oracle ORACLE_HOME= /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ... Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ... Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Creating /etc/oratab file... Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created Finished running generic part of root.sh script. Now product-specific root actions will be performed. |
4.3 Web下管理oracle10g数据库
执行命令:emctl status dbconsole
启动web界面:emctl start dbconsole
停止web界面:emctl stop dbconsole
默认安装完oracle之后就已经启动oracle 10g 的web的管理界面
在火狐浏览器输入http://127.0.0.1 :1158/em进入web操作界面
sys/orcl
5 Oracle 环境测试
5.1 启动监听器
$ lsnrctl start |
5.2 启动及关闭数据库
$ sqlplus /nolog SQL> connect / as sysdba Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup SQL> shutdown |
6 Oracle 用户创建及权限设置
6.1 用户创建
#sqlplus /nolog SQL> conn / as sysdba; SQL>create user cmxdb identified by cmxdb SQL> grant dba to cmxdb; SQL> conn cmxdb/cmxdb SQL> select * from user_sys_privs; |