使用wait/notify方法实现线程间通信。这两个方法都是object类的方法,也就是说java为所有的对象都提供了中两个方法
1.wait和notify必须配合synchronized关键字使用
2.wait方法释放锁,notify方法不释放锁
wait方法有三种形式
1.无时间参数的wait(一直等待,直到其它线程通知)
2.带毫秒、毫微妙参数的wait(),这两种方法都是等待指定时间后自动苏醒
notify():唤醒在此同步监视器上等待的单个线程。如果所有线程都在此同步监视器上等待,则会唤醒其中一个线程。选择是任意性的。只有当前线程放弃对该同步监视器的锁定后(使用wait()方法),才可以执行被唤醒的线程。
notifyAll():唤醒在此同步监视器上等待的所有线程。只有当前线程放弃对该同步监视器的锁定后,才可以执行唤醒的线程。
实例1:
package com.aruisi.innofarm;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class AddList {
private volatile static List<Object> list = new ArrayList<>();
public void add(){
list.add("zzzz");
}
public int size(){
return list.size();
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
final AddList addList = new AddList();
final Object lock = new Object();//对象锁
Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
synchronized (lock) {
System.out.println("t1启动..");
for(int i = 0; i <10; i++){
addList.add();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "----新添加了一个元素..");
Thread.sleep(500);
if(addList.size() == 5){
System.out.println("已经向t2线程发出通知..");
lock.notify();
}
}
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}, "t1线程");
Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
synchronized (lock) {
System.out.println("t2启动..");
if(addList.size() != 5){
try {
lock.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "收到通知,线程停止..");
throw new RuntimeException();
}
}
}, "t2线程");
t2.start();
t1.start();
}
}
运行结果:
在实际开发中,我们想让t2线程收到通知时,就立即停止,而不是让t1线程执行完后,t2再停止。修改代码
package com.aruisi.innofarm;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public class ListAdd1 {
private volatile static List list = new ArrayList();
public void add(){
list.add("bjsxt");
}
public int size(){
return list.size();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
final ListAdd1 list1 = new ListAdd1();
Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println("进入t1线程。。。");
for(int i = 0; i <10; i++){
list1.add();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "----新添加了一个元素..");
Thread.sleep(500);
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}, "t1线程");
Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("进入t2线程。。。");
while(true){
if(list1.size() == 5){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " list size = 5 线程停止..");
throw new RuntimeException();
}
}
}
}, "t2线程");
t1.start();
t2.start();
}
}
运行结果:
实现了预期效果。
还可以使用CountDownLatch对象的方法来实现
package com.aruisi.innofarm;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
/**
* @author zmk
*
*/
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public class ListAdd2 {
private volatile static List list = new ArrayList();
public void add(){
list.add("zzzz");
}
public int size(){
return list.size();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
final ListAdd2 list2 = new ListAdd2();
final CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println("t1启动..");
for(int i = 0; i <10; i++){
list2.add();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "----新添加了一个元素..");
Thread.sleep(500);
if(list2.size() == 5){
System.out.println("已经向t2线程发出通知..");
countDownLatch.countDown();
}
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}, "t1线程");
Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("t2启动..");
if(list2.size() != 5){
try {
countDownLatch.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "收到通知,线程停止..");
throw new RuntimeException();
}
}, "t2线程");
t2.start();
t1.start();
}
}