涉及知识点：
1.VLAN划分 和通信
2.HSRP 热备技术 ：HSRP（Hot Standby Router Protocol，热备路由协议）是一种网络协议，用于在一组路由器中创建一个虚拟路由器，以提供高可用性。当主路由器失效时，HSRP会自动将网络流量切换到备份路由器，从而确保网络连接的连续性。HSRP主要应用于Cisco设备，是Cisco提出的一种负载均衡和故障转移方案。HSRP是早期的负载均衡和故障恢复技术。
3.MSTP 多生成树 ：MSTP（Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol，多生成树协议）是IEEE 802.1s标准定义的一种桥接协议，用于解决传统的STP（Spanning Tree Protocol，生成树协议）在网络中可能导致的带宽浪费和路径冗余问题。STP虽然可以防止环路，但它仅能形成一个单一的生成树，可能会导致一些物理链路未被使用。MSTP通过创建多个逻辑上的生成树实例（MST Instance）来解决这个问题，每个实例可以独立地处理不同部分的流量，从而提高了网络的带宽利用率和路径选择的灵活性。
4.路由重发布：路由重分布（Route Redistribution）是路由器之间交换路由信息的一种方法，允许不同路由协议（如RIP、OSPF、BGP等）之间的路由信息互相传播。路由重分布的主要目的是让一个协议的路由信息能够在另一个协议中可见，从而实现不同路由协议域之间的路由可达性。
5.默认路由跳转
6.NAT端口复用 ：NAT（Network Address Translation，网络地址转换）是一种网络技术，用于将私有IP地址转换为公共IP地址，以便在互联网上进行通信。在NAT中，端口复用（Port Overloading或PAT，Port Address Translation）是一种节省公共IP地址的方法，它允许多个私有IP地址和端口映射到同一个公共IP地址的不同端口上。这样，多个内部网络设备可以共享一个外部IP地址，从而减少了对公共IP地址的需求。
7.端口映射 ：端口映射（Port Mapping）是NAT（网络地址转换）技术的一部分，它允许内部网络的私有IP地址与外部网络的公共IP地址之间建立连接。端口映射通常用于将外部网络的特定端口请求映射到内部网络的特定设备和服务上，即使内部设备使用的是私有IP地址，也可以通过公共IP地址访问。
项目二：
项目背景
某校园网为了保障网络的安全性和可用性，防止核心设置出现故障时导致网络瘫痪，在学校的核心层采用两台核心交换机分担网络负载，当其中1台核心交换机出现故障时另外1台核心交换机能够继续保障网络的正常工作，其网络拓扑图如下图所示，请根据要求对网络进行规划和配置，实现其功能。
项目拓扑图
项目任务
1、校园网网络设备配置
校园网中存在VLAN10、Vlan20、Vlan30和Vlan100，根据IP地址和VLAN规划表，在校园网中配置以太网通道、VLAN划分、VLAN间通信、HSRP（热备技术）、MSTP等，实现1台核心交换机故障，另外1台能够保障网络正常通信。Vlan10、Vlan20、Vlan30、Vlan100的虚拟网关为192.168.10.254、192.168.20.254、192.168.30.254、192.168.100.254。
2、校园网接入外网配置
校园网内部采用RIP技术，使Router0、核心交换机0和核心交换机1之间局域网互通；校园网接入广域网采用NAT中的端口复用技术，将所有的内网地址转换成Router0的Se0/3/0口地址；校园网中的Server 1为WEB服务器，采用端口映射的方法使外网的Server2可以访问server1的WEB网页。
3、在广域网中配置动态路由协议OSPF，广域网之间可以互相访问。
实验拓扑图
基础vlan ip地址配置
1.Router0 基础配置
Router>ena
Router#
Router#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#host
Router(config)#hostname Router0
Router0(config)#int se 0/3/0
Router0(config-if)#ip add 200.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
Router0(config-if)#no sh
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/3/0, changed state to down
Router0(config-if)#int fa0/0
Router0(config-if)#ip add 192.168.40.1 255.255.255.0
Router0(config-if)#no sh
Router0(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
Router0(config-if)#int fa0/1
Router0(config-if)#ip add 192.168.50.1 255.255.255.0
Router0(config-if)#no sh
Router0(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
核心交换机Switch0配置：
Switch>
Switch>ena
Switch#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#host
Switch(config)#hostname Switch0
Switch0(config)#int fa0/1
Switch0(config-if)#no swit
Switch0(config-if)#no switchport
Switch0(config-if)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
Switch0(config-if)#ip add 192.168.40.2 255.255.255.0
Switch0(config-if)#no sh
Switch0(config-if)#vlan 10
Switch0(config-vlan)#vlan 20
Switch0(config-vlan)#vlan 30
Switch0(config-vlan)#vlan 40
Switch0(config-vlan)#no vlan 40
Switch0(config)#vlan 100
Switch0(config-vlan)#int vlan 10
Switch0(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan10, changed state to up
Switch0(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
Switch0(config-if)#no sh
Switch0(config-if)#int vlan 20
Switch0(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan20, changed state to u
Switch0(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
Switch0(config-if)#no sh
Switch0(config-if)#
Switch0(config-if)#int vlan 30
Switch0(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan30, changed state to up
Switch0(config-if)#ip add 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0
Switch0(config-if)#no sh
Switch0(config-if)#int vlan 100
Switch0(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan100, changed state to up
Switch0(config-if)#ip add 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0
Switch0(config-if)#no sh
Switch0(config-if)#
核心交换机Switch1配置：
Switch>
Switch>ena
Switch#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#host
Switch(config)#hostname Switch1
Switch1(config)#int fa0/1
Switch1(config-if)#no swi
Switch1(config-if)#no switchport
Switch1(config-if)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
Switch1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.50.2 255.255.255.0
Switch1(config-if)#no sh
Switch1(config-if)#vlan 10
Switch1(config-vlan)#vlan 20
Switch1(config-vlan)#vlan 30
Switch1(config-vlan)#vlan 100
Switch1(config-vlan)#int vlan 10
Switch1(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan10, changed state to up
Switch1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0
Switch1(config-if)#no sh
Switch1(config-if)#int vlan 20
Switch1(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan20, changed state to up
Switch1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.0
Switch1(config-if)#mo sh
^
% Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
Switch1(config-if)#no sh
Switch1(config-if)#int vlan 30
Switch1(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan30, changed state to up
Switch1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.30.2 255.255.255.0
Switch1(config-if)#no sh
Switch1(config-if)#int vlan 100
Switch1(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan100, changed state to up
Switch1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.100.2 255.255.255.0
Switch1(config-if)#no sh
服务器Server1配置地址：
服务器Server2配置地址：
二层交换机SW3配置：
Switch>
Switch>ena
Switch#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#host
Switch(config)#hostname SW3
SW3(config)#vlan 100
SW3(config-vlan)#exit
SW3(config)#int ran
SW3(config)#int range fa0/1-2
SW3(config-if-range)#sw mo acc
SW3(config-if-range)#sw acc vlan 100
SW3(config-if-range)#exit
SW3(config)#int ran
SW3(config)#int range fa0/5-6
SW3(config-if-range)#sw mo t
SW3(config-if-range)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/6, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/6, changed state to up
二层交换机SW0配置：
Switch>ena
Switch#
Switch#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#host
Switch(config)#hostname SW0
SW0(config)#vlan 10
SW0(config-vlan)#vlan 20
SW0(config-vlan)#vlan 30
SW0(config-vlan)#int fa0/4
SW0(config-if)#sw mo acc
SW0(config-if)#sw acc vlan 10
SW0(config-if)#int fa0/5
SW0(config-if)#sw mo acc
SW0(config-if)#sw acc vlan 20
SW0(config-if)#int fa0/6
SW0(config-if)#sw mo acc
SW0(config-if)#sw acc vlan 30
SW0(config-if)#exit
SW0(config)#int ran
SW0(config)#int range fa0/2-3
SW0(config-if-range)#sw mo t
SW0(config-if-range)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/3, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/3, changed state to up
二层交换机SW1配置：
Switch>
Switch>ena
Switch#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#host
Switch(config)#hostname SW1
SW1(config)#vlan 10
SW1(config-vlan)#vlan 20
SW1(config-vlan)#vlan 30
SW1(config-vlan)#int fa0/5
SW1(config-if)#sw mo acc
SW1(config-if)#sw acc vlan 10
SW1(config-if)#int fa0/6
SW1(config-if)#sw mo acc
SW1(config-if)#sw acc vlan 20
SW1(config-if)#int fa0/7
SW1(config-if)#sw mo acc
SW1(config-if)#sw acc vlan 30
SW1(config-if)#exit
SW1(config)#int ran
SW1(config)#int range fa0/3-4
SW1(config-if-range)#sw mo t
SW1(config-if-range)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/3, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/3, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/4, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/4, changed state to up
二层交换机SW2配置：
Switch>
Switch>ena
Switch#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#host
Switch(config)#hostname SW2
SW2(config)#vlan 10
SW2(config-vlan)#vlan 20
SW2(config-vlan)#vlan 30
SW2(config-vlan)#int fa0/6
SW2(config-if)#sw mo acc
SW2(config-if)#sw acc vlan 10
SW2(config-if)#int fa0/6
SW2(config-if)#sw mo acc
SW2(config-if)#sw acc vlan 20
SW2(config-if)#sw acc vlan 10
SW2(config-if)#int fa0/7
SW2(config-if)#sw mo acc
SW2(config-if)#sw acc vlan 20
SW2(config-if)#int fa0/3
SW2(config-if)#sw mo acc
SW2(config-if)#sw acc vlan 30
SW2(config-if)#exit
SW2(config)#int ran
SW2(config)#int range fa0/4-5
SW2(config-if-range)#sw mo t
SW2(config-if-range)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/4, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/4, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to up
路由器Router1配置：
Router>ena
Router#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#int se0/3/0
Router(config-if)#ip add 200.10.10.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no sh
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/3/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#int se0/3/1
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/3/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#ip add 200.20.20.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no sh
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/3/1, changed state to down
Router(config-if)#host
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#host
Router(config)#hostname Router1
Router1(config)#
路由器Router2配置：
Router>
Router>ena
Router#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#host
Router(config)#hostname Router2
Router2(config)#int se0/3/1
Router2(config-if)#ip add 200.20.20.2 255.255.255.0
Router2(config-if)#no sh
Router2(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/3/1, changed state to up
Router2(config-if)#int
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/3/1, changed state to up
fa0/0
Router2(config-if)#ip add 200.30.30.1 255.255.255.0
Router2(config-if)#no sh
Router2(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
服务器Server0配置：
核心交换机Switch0配置链路聚合和Trunk：
Switch0#
Switch0#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch0(config)#int ran
Switch0(config)#int range gi 0/1-2
Switch0(config-if-range)#channel-g
Switch0(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mo on
Switch0(config-if-range)#
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 1
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/2, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/2, changed state to up
Switch0(config-if-range)#int port
Switch0(config-if-range)#int port-c
Switch0(config-if-range)#exit
Switch0(config)#int port-c
Switch0(config)#int port-channel 1
Switch0(config-if)#sw t e d
Switch0(config-if)#sw t e dot1q
Switch0(config-if)#sw mo t
Switch0(config-if)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/2, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/2, changed state to up
核心交换机Switch0配置链路聚合和Trunk：
Switch1>ena
Switch1#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch1(config)#int ran
Switch1(config)#int range gi 0/1-2
Switch1(config-if-range)#channel-g
Switch1(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mo on
Switch1(config-if-range)#
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 1
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/2, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/2, changed state to up
Switch1(config-if-range)#exit
Switch1(config)#
Switch1(config)#int port-c
Switch1(config)#int port-channel 1
Switch1(config-if)#sw t e d
Switch1(config-if)#sw mo t
Switch1(config-if)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to dow
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up
核心交换机配置Switch0配置热备（HSRP）：
Switch0(config)#
Switch0(config)#int vlan 10
Switch0(config-if)#stan
Switch0(config-if)#standby 10 ip 192.168.10.254
Switch0(config-if)#stan
Switch0(config-if)#standby 10 pri
Switch0(config-if)#standby 10 priority 200
Switch0(config-if)#stan
Switch0(config-if)#standby 10 pre
Switch0(config-if)#standby 10 preempt
Switch0(config-if)#int vlan 20
Switch0(config-if)#stan
Switch0(config-if)#standby 20
%HSRP-6-STATECHANGE: Vlan10 Grp 10 state Speak -> Standby
%HSRP-6-STATECHANGE: Vlan10 Grp 10 state Standby -> Active
ip 192.168.20.254
Switch0(config-if)#stan
Switch0(config-if)#standby 20 pri
Switch0(config-if)#standby 20 priority 150
Switch0(config-if)#stan
Switch0(config-if)#standby 20 pre
Switch0(config-if)#standby 20 preempt
Switch0(config-if)#int vlan 30
Switch0(config-if)#stan
Switch0(config-if)#standby 30 ip 192.168.30.254
Switch0(config-if)#stan
Switch0(config-if)#standby 30 pri
Switch0(config-if)#standby 30 priority 200
Switch0(config-if)#stan
Switch0(config-if)#standby 30
%HSRP-6-STATECHANGE: Vlan30 Grp 30 state Speak -> Standby
%HSRP-6-STATECHANGE: Vlan30 Grp 30 state Standby -> Active
pre
%HSRP-6-STATECHANGE: Vlan20 Grp 20 state Speak -> Standby
%HSRP-6-STATECHANGE: Vlan20 Grp 20 state Standby -> Active
Switch0(config-if)#standby 30 preempt
Switch0(config-if)#int vlan 100
Switch0(config-if)#stan
Switch0(config-if)#standby 100 ip 192.168.100.254
Switch0(config-if)#stan
Switch0(config-if)#standby 100 pri
Switch0(config-if)#standby 100 priority 150
Switch0(config-if)#sta
%HSRP-6-STATECHANGE: Vlan100 Grp 100 state Speak -> Standby
n
%HSRP-6-STATECHANGE: Vlan100 Grp 100 state Standby -> Active
Switch0(config-if)#standby 100 pre
Switch0(config-if)#standby 100 preempt
Switch0(config-if)#
核心交换机配置Switch1配置热备（HSRP）：
Switch1>
Switch1>ena
Switch1#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch1(config)#int vlan 10
Switch1(config-if)#stan
Switch1(config-if)#standby 10 ip 192.168.10.254
Switch1(config-if)#stan
Switch1(config-if)#standby 10 pri
Switch1(config-if)#standby 10 priority 150
Switch1(config-if)#
%HSRP-6-STATECHANGE: Vlan10 Grp 10 state Speak -> Standby
stan
Switch1(config-if)#standby 10 pre
Switch1(config-if)#standby 10 preempt
Switch1(config-if)#int vlan 20
Switch1(config-if)#stan
Switch1(config-if)#standby 20 ip 192.168.20.254
Switch1(config-if)#stan
Switch1(config-if)#standby 20 pri
Switch1(config-if)#standby 20 priority 200
Switch1(config-if)#s
%HSRP-6-STATECHANGE: Vlan20 Grp 20 state Speak -> Standby
tan
Switch1(config-if)#standby 20 pre
Switch1(config-if)#standby 20 preempt
Switch1(config-if)#int
%HSRP-6-STATECHANGE: Vlan20 Grp 20 state Standby -> Active
vlan 30
Switch1(config-if)#stan
Switch1(config-if)#standby 30 ip 192.168.30.254
Switch1(config-if)#stan
Switch1(config-if)#standby 30 pri
Switch1(config-if)#standby 30 priority 150
Switch1(config-if)#
%HSRP-6-STATECHANGE: Vlan30 Grp 30 state Speak -> Standby
stan
Switch1(config-if)#standby 30 pre
Switch1(config-if)#standby 30 preempt
Switch1(config-if)#int vlan 100
Switch1(config-if)#stan
Switch1(config-if)#standby 100 ip 192.168.100.254
Switch1(config-if)#stan
Switch1(config-if)#standby 100 pri
Switch1(config-if)#standby 100 priority 200
Switch1(config-if)#stan
Switch1(config-if)#standby
%HSRP-6-STATECHANGE: Vlan100 Grp 100 state Speak -> Standby
100 pre
Switch1(config-if)#standby 100 preempt
Switch1(config-if)#
%HSRP-6-STATECHANGE: Vlan100 Grp 100 state Standby -> Active
核心交换机配置Switch0配置多生成树协议（MSTP）：
Switch0>
Switch0>ena
Switch0#
Switch0#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch0(config)#span
Switch0(config)#spanning-tree vlan 10 root s
Switch0(config)#spanning-tree vlan 10 root secondary
Switch0(config)#span
Switch0(config)#spanning-tree vlan 20 root pri
Switch0(config)#spanning-tree vlan 20 root primary
Switch0(config)#span
Switch0(config)#spanning-tree vlan 30 root s
Switch0(config)#spanning-tree vlan 30 root secondary
Switch0(config)#span
Switch0(config)#spanning-tree vlan 100 root pri
Switch0(config)#spanning-tree vlan 100 root primary
Switch0(config)#
核心交换机配置Switch1配置多生成树协议（MSTP）：
Switch1(config-if)#
Switch1(config-if)#exit
Switch1(config)#
Switch1(config)#
Switch1(config)#span
Switch1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 10 root pri
Switch1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 10 root primary
Switch1(config)#span
Switch1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 20 root s
Switch1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 20 root secondary
Switch1(config)#span
Switch1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 30 root pri
Switch1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 30 root primary
Switch1(config)#span
Switch1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 100 root s
Switch1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 100 root secondary
Switch1(config)#
Switch1(config)#
核心交换机Switch0配置默认路由跳转开启路由功能：
Switch0(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 fa0/1
Switch0(config)#ip routing
核心交换机Switch1配置默认路由跳转开启路由功能：
Switch1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 fa0/1
Switch1(config)#ip routing
校园网配置RIP：
核心交换机Switch0配置：
Switch0(config)#rou
Switch0(config)#router r
Switch0(config)#router rip
Switch0(config-router)#v
Switch0(config-router)#version 2
Switch0(config-router)#no a
Switch0(config-router)#no auto-summary
Switch0(config-router)#net
Switch0(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0
Switch0(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0
Switch0(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0
Switch0(config-router)#network 192.168.40.0
Switch0(config-router)#network 192.168.100.0
Switch0(config-router)#
核心交换机Switch1配置：
Switch1(config)#rou
Switch1(config)#router ri
Switch1(config)#router rip
Switch1(config-router)#v
Switch1(config-router)#version 2
Switch1(config-router)#no a
Switch1(config-router)#no auto-summary
Switch1(config-router)#net
Switch1(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0
Switch1(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0
Switch1(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0
Switch1(config-router)#network 192.168.50.0
Switch1(config-router)#network 192.168.100.0
路由器Router0配置：
配置RIP：
Router0(config)#rou
Router0(config)#router ri
Router0(config)#router rip
Router0(config-router)#v
Router0(config-router)#version 2
Router0(config-router)#no a
Router0(config-router)#no auto-summary
Router0(config-router)#net
Router0(config-router)#network 192.168.40.0
Router0(config-router)#network 192.168.50.0
# Router0(config-router)#network 200.10.10.0 #RIP只需要宣告连接内网的接口就可以了，这个就不用
Router0(config-router)#
外网配置OSPF：
路由器Router0配置：
Router0(config)#router osp
Router0(config)#router ospf 10
Router0(config-router)#rou
Router0(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3 #进程id配置不能相同
Router0(config-router)#net
Router0(config-router)#network 192.168.40.0
% Incomplete command.
Router0(config-router)#network 192.168.40.0 0.0.0.255 are
# Router0(config-router)#network 192.168.40.0 0.0.0.255 area 1 #这里宣告的是ospf外网的 路由协议 ，只需要宣告连接外网的接口 ，连接内网的接口用内网的RIP协议宣告
# Router0(config-router)#network 192.168.50.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
Router0(config-router)#network 200.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
Router0(config-router)#
路由器Router1配置：
Router1(config)#rou
Router1(config)#router osp
Router1(config)#router ospf 10
Router1(config-router)#rou
Router1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1 #注意注意进程Id不能相同
Router1(config-router)#net
Router1(config-router)#network 200.10.10.0 255.255.255.0 a 1
Router1(config-router)#network 200.20.20.0 255.255.255.0 a 1
Router1(config-router)#
路由器Router2配置：
Router2#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router2(config)#rou
Router2(config)#router oap
Router2(config)#router os
Router2(config)#router ospf 10
Router2(config-router)#net
Router2(config-router)#network 200.20.20.0 0.0.0.255 a 1
Router2(config-router)#
01:47:40: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 10, Nbr 1.1.1.1 on Serial0/3/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
Router2(config-router)#network 200.30.30.0 0.0.0.255 a 1
Router2(config-router)#rou
Router2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2 #注意注意配置的进程id不能相同
Router2(config-router)#Reload or use "clear ip ospf process" command, for this to tak
配置路由重发布：
在内网和外网交接路由器上配置路由重分布：
Router0(config)#route rip
Router0(config-router)#de
Router0(config-router)#default-information or
Router0(config-router)#default-information originate
Router0(config-router)#red
Router0(config-router)#redistribute os
Router0(config-router)#redistribute ospf ?
<1-65535> Process ID
Router0(config-router)#redistribute ospf 10 ?
match Redistribution of OSPF routes
metric Metric for redistributed routes
<cr>
Router0(config-router)#redistribute ospf 10 met
Router0(config-router)#redistribute ospf 10 metric 10
Router0(config)#route
Router0(config)#router osp
Router0(config)#router ospf 10
Router0(config-router)#de
Router0(config-router)#default-information or
Router0(config-router)#default-information originate
Router0(config-router)#red
Router0(config-router)#redistribute rip
Router0(config-router)#redistribute rip ?
metric Metric for redistributed routes
metric-type OSPF/IS-IS exterior metric type for redistributed routes
subnets Consider subnets for redistribution into OSPF
tag Set tag for routes redistributed into OSPF
<cr>
Router0(config-router)#redistribute rip su
Router0(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets
Router0(config-router)#
配置NAT：
路由器Router0配置端口复用:
Router0(config)#ip nat in
Router0(config)#ip nat inside s
Router0(config)#ip nat inside source li
Router0(config)#ip nat inside source list 1 int se0/3/0 ov
Router0(config)#ip nat inside source list 1 int se0/3/0 overload
Router0(config)#acc
Router0(config)#access-list 1 per
Router0(config)#access-list 1 permit 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
Router0(config)#access-list 1 permit 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
Router0(config)#access-list 1 permit 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255
Router0(config)#access-list 1 permit 192.168.40.0 0.0.0.255
Router0(config)#access-list 1 permit 192.168.50.0 0.0.0.255
Router0(config)#access-list 1 permit 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255
Router0(config)#
路由器Router0配置端口映射：
Router0(config)#ip nat ins
Router0(config)#ip nat inside s
Router0(config)#ip nat inside source st
Router0(config)#ip nat inside source static tcp
Router0(config)#ip nat inside source static tcp 192.168.100.200 80 200.30.30.2 80
验证：
配置成功。
总结：
配置过程中出现过的问题
1.将路由器Router0两个内网接口地址配置反后，最后验证的时候宣告相邻网段会宣告不成功
2.每一个路由器配置OSPF的进程id不相同，相同后也会出现宣告不成功的问题，不配置，他也有默认的。
3.连接的线也不要有问题。
4.方便分别他们，在ospf当中最好使用area 0的区域 如果使用不同区域那么就需要更改 area 的区域
5.配置MSTP和热备（HSRP）的时候，主负要对应相同。
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