代码随想录算法训练营第4天| 24. 两两交换链表中的节点 19.删除链表的倒数第N个节点面试题 02.07. 链表相交 142.环形链表II-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/jiuzheshuiping/article/details/135619564

文章介绍了四个与链表操作相关的算法：两两交换链表节点、删除链表的倒数第N个节点、寻找两个链表的交点以及检测环形链表。作者提供了C++代码实现这些链表问题的解决方案。

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24. 两两交换链表中的节点

class Solution {
public:
    ListNode* swapPairs(ListNode* head) {
        ListNode* dummyHead = new ListNode(0); // 设置一个虚拟头结点
        dummyHead->next = head; // 将虚拟头结点指向head，这样方便后面做删除操作
        ListNode* cur = dummyHead;
        while(cur->next != nullptr && cur->next->next != nullptr) {
            ListNode* tmp = cur->next; // 记录临时节点
            ListNode* tmp1 = cur->next->next->next; // 记录临时节点

            cur->next = cur->next->next;    // 步骤一
            cur->next->next = tmp;          // 步骤二
            cur->next->next->next = tmp1;   // 步骤三

            cur = cur->next->next; // cur移动两位，准备下一轮交换
        }
        return dummyHead->next;
    }
};

19.删除链表的倒数第N个节点

class Solution {
public:
    ListNode* removeNthFromEnd(ListNode* head, int n) {
        ListNode* dummyHead = new ListNode(0);
        dummyHead->next = head;
        ListNode* slow = dummyHead;
        ListNode* fast = dummyHead;
        while(n-- && fast != NULL) {
            fast = fast->next;
        }
        fast = fast->next; // fast再提前走一步，因为需要让slow指向删除节点的上一个节点
        while (fast != NULL) {
            fast = fast->next;
            slow = slow->next;
        }
        slow->next = slow->next->next; 
        
        // ListNode *tmp = slow->next;  C++释放内存的逻辑
        // slow->next = tmp->next;
        // delete nth;
        
        return dummyHead->next;
    }
};

面试题 02.07. 链表相交

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    ListNode *getIntersectionNode(ListNode *headA, ListNode *headB) {
        ListNode* curA = headA;
        ListNode* curB = headB;
        int lenA = 0, lenB = 0;
        while (curA != NULL) { // 求链表A的长度
            lenA++;
            curA = curA->next;
        }
        while (curB != NULL) { // 求链表B的长度
            lenB++;
            curB = curB->next;
        }
        curA = headA;
        curB = headB;
        // 让curA为最长链表的头，lenA为其长度
        if (lenB > lenA) {
            swap (lenA, lenB);
            swap (curA, curB);
        }
        int gap = lenA - lenB;
        while(gap--){
            curA = curA->next;
        }
        while(curA != NULL){
            if(curA == curB){
                return curA;
            }
            curB = curB->next;
            curA = curA->next;
        }
        return NULL;
    }
};

142.环形链表II

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    ListNode *detectCycle(ListNode *head) {
        ListNode *fast = head;
        ListNode *slow = head;
        while(fast!=NULL && fast->next!=NULL){
            fast = fast->next->next;
            slow = slow->next;
            if(fast == slow){
                ListNode *index1 = fast;
                ListNode *index = head;
                while(index != index1){
                    index = index->next;
                    index1 = index1->next;
                }
                return index;
            }
        }
        return NULL;
    }
};