android中菜单分为三种,分别是,options menu 选项菜单,sub menu 子菜单,context menu 上下文菜单。下面分别举例演示这三种菜单:
新建一个android project,
options menu,第一种方法,通过xml定义选项菜单,在res文件夹中新建一个名为menu的文件夹,在其内新建一个options_menu.xml的文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<item
android:id="@+id/newFile"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:title="@string/newFile"
/>
<!-- android:icon 设置菜单选项的图标
android:title 设置菜单选项的标题 -->
<item
android:id="@+id/exit"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:title="@string/exit"
/>
</menu>
在MenuTestActivity1中:
package cn.sword.activity;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.MenuItem.OnMenuItemClickListener;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MenuTestActivity1 extends Activity implements OnMenuItemClickListener{
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater();
inflater.inflate(R.menu.options_menu, menu);
//第一种响应菜单点击事件的方法
//为每一个菜单选项添加监听事件
//在覆盖的onMenuItemClick()方法中判断并触发监听事件
for(int i=0;i<menu.size();i++){
menu.getItem(i).setOnMenuItemClickListener((OnMenuItemClickListener) this);
}
return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
}
/*第二种响应菜单点击事件的方法 覆盖onOptionsItemSelected()方法
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
switch(item.getItemId()){
case R.id.newFile:
Toast.makeText(this,"new File", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
break;
case R.id.exit:
this.finish();//退出程序
break;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}*/
public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item){
switch(item.getItemId()){
case R.id.newFile:
Toast.makeText(this, "new File", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
break;
case R.id.exit:
this.finish();
}
return false;
}
}
在模拟器中点击Menu键效果:
options menu,第二种方法,动态添加删除菜单
在MenuTestActivity2中:
package cn.class3g.activity;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MenuTestActivity2 extends Activity {
//定义菜单项
private static final int SAVE=1;
private static final int SAVE_AS = SAVE+1;
private static final int DELETE = SAVE+2;
//声明一个menu对象
Menu menu = null;
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
}
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater();
inflater.inflate(R.menu.options_menu, menu);
//向菜单中添加菜单项
menu.add(1, SAVE, 1, "保存");
menu.add(1,SAVE_AS, 2, "另存为");
menu.add(1,DELETE, 3, "删除保存");
//设置菜单项的图标
menu.findItem(SAVE).setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
this.menu = menu;
return true;
}
//动态的修改菜单title
int i=1;
public boolean onPrepareOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
MenuItem item = menu.findItem(SAVE_AS);
item.setTitle(item.getTitle() + "" + i);
i++;
return super.onPrepareOptionsMenu(menu);
}
//响应菜单单击事件
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.newFile:
Toast.makeText(this, "new file", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();//利用Toast弹出文本信息 break; case R.id.exit: // Toast.makeText(this, "exit", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); this.finish();//关闭Activity break; case DELETE:
menu.removeItem(SAVE_AS);//删除一个菜单break;}return true;}} sub menu 子菜单//menu.removeGroup(1);//删除一组菜单
利用xml定义菜单参考options menu。
动态的添加子菜单:
在MenuTestActivity3中:
package cn.sword.activity; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuInflater; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.SubMenu; import android.widget.Toast; public class MenuTestActivity3 extends Activity { //定义菜单项 private static final int SUBMENU = 10; private static final int SUBITEM1 = SUBMENU+1; private static final int SUBITEM2 = SUBMENU+2; private static final int SUBITEM3 = SUBMENU+3; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.main); } public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu){ MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater(); inflater.inflate(R.menu.sub_menu, menu); //添加子菜单 SubMenu subMenu = menu.addSubMenu(1,SUBMENU,1,"子菜单"); subMenu.add(20,SUBITEM1,1,"subitem1"); subMenu.add(20,SUBITEM2,2,"subitem2"); subMenu.add(30,SUBITEM3,3,"subitem3"); subMenu.setGroupCheckable(20, true, false); //第二个参数是否可选 //当第三个参数为true时为这组菜单为互斥(单选)菜单 //当第三个参数为false时为组菜单为复选菜单 MenuItem item = subMenu.getItem(0); //item.setCheckable(false);//设置该项菜单为单选或复选 item.setChecked(true);//设置菜单的默认选项 //subMenu.getItem(0).setCheckable(true); return true; } @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { switch(item.getItemId()){ case R.id.menuitem1: Toast.makeText(this,"menuitem1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case R.id.menuitem2: Toast.makeText(this,"menuitem2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case R.id.subitem1: Toast.makeText(this,"subitem1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case R.id.subitem2: Toast.makeText(this,"subitem2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case SUBITEM1: Toast.makeText(this,"SUBITEM1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case SUBITEM2: Toast.makeText(this,"SUBITEM2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); //this.finish();//退出程序 break; } return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item); } }
在模拟器中点击Menu键:
单击子菜单:
context menu 上下文菜单:context menu需要绑定在TextView上并在其上按2s后显示。
在MenuTestActivity4中:
package cn.sword.activity; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.ContextMenu; import android.view.ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo; import android.view.MenuInflater; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.View; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; public class MenuTestActivity4 extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.main); //将上下文菜单绑定到TextView上 TextView tv = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.textView); this.registerForContextMenu(tv); } @Override public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) { switch(item.getItemId()){ case R.id.subitem1: Toast.makeText(this, "subitem1",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case R.id.subitem2: Toast.makeText(this, "subitem2",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; } return super.onContextItemSelected(item); } //每次上下文菜单显示都会调用 public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) { MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater(); inflater.inflate(R.menu.sub_menu, menu); super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo); } }
运行模拟器,点击文本内容2s后: