JUC
stampedLock
java.util.concurrent.locks.StampedLock
该类自JDK8加入,是为了进一步优化读性能,它的特点是在使用读锁、写锁时都必须配合【戳】使用
加解读锁
stamp = lock.readLock();
lock.unlockRead(stamp);
加解写锁
long stamp = lock.writeLock();
lock.unlockWrite(stamp);
乐观读,StampedLock支持tryOptimisticRead()方法(乐观读),读取完毕后需要做一次“戳校验”如果校验通过,表示这期间确实没有写操作,数据可以安全使用,如果校验没有通过,需要重新获取读锁(进行锁的升级),保证数据安全。
//获取读锁的戳
long stamp = lock.tryOptimisticRead();
//判断戳是否改变了
if(!lock.validate(stamp)){
//锁升级
}
StampedLock的使用
/**
* @author jiangl
* @version 1.0
* @date 2021/4/15 10:15
*/
@Slf4j(topic = "jl.com.jl.juc.stamplock.StampLockTest")
public class StampLockTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
DataContainerStamped dataContainerStamped = new DataContainerStamped(111);
new Thread(()->{
int read = dataContainerStamped.read(1000);
log.info("get data:{}",read);
},"t1").start();
try {
Thread.sleep(500);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
new Thread(()->{
dataContainerStamped.write(1);
},"t2").start();
}
}
@Slf4j(topic = "c.com.jl.juc.stamplock.DataContainerStamped")
class DataContainerStamped{
private int data;
private final StampedLock lock = new StampedLock();
public DataContainerStamped(int data) {
this.data = data;
}
public int read(int readTime){
//获取读锁的戳
long stamp = lock.tryOptimisticRead();
log.info("optimistic read locking...{}",stamp);
try {
Thread.sleep(readTime);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//判断戳是否改变了
if(lock.validate(stamp)){
//没有改变则内容未被其他线程修改,则正常获取数据,正常返回
log.info("read finish...{}",stamp);
return data;
}
//戳被改变了,进行读锁的升级
log.info("updating to read lock...{}",stamp);
try {
//获取读锁
stamp = lock.readLock();
log.info("read lock {}",stamp);
try {
Thread.sleep(readTime);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
log.info("read finish...{}",stamp);
return data;
} finally {
lock.unlockRead(stamp);
}
}
public void write(int newData){
long stamp = lock.writeLock();
log.info("write lock {}",stamp);
try {
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
this.data = newData;
} finally {
log.info("write unlock {}",stamp);
lock.unlockWrite(stamp);
}
}
}
结果
13:40:33.293 [t1] INFO c.com.jl.juc.stamplock.DataContainerStamped - optimistic read locking…256
13:40:33.794 [t2] INFO c.com.jl.juc.stamplock.DataContainerStamped - write lock 384
13:40:34.310 [t1] INFO c.com.jl.juc.stamplock.DataContainerStamped - updating to read lock…256
13:40:35.807 [t2] INFO c.com.jl.juc.stamplock.DataContainerStamped - write unlock 384
13:40:35.807 [t1] INFO c.com.jl.juc.stamplock.DataContainerStamped - read lock 513
13:40:36.816 [t1] INFO c.com.jl.juc.stamplock.DataContainerStamped - read finish…513
13:40:36.816 [t1] INFO jl.com.jl.juc.stamplock.StampLockTest - get data:1
步骤解析:
1.首先t1线程启动,调用read()方法
2.read()方法中调用lock.tryOptimisticRead()获取乐观锁,获取到戳stamp,打印optimistic read locking…256
3.然后进入Thread.sleep(readTime),线程进入阻塞
4.经过0.5秒后,t2线程启动,t2线程调用write()方法。
5.write()方法中,调用lock.writeLock()获取写锁(乐观读和写锁不互斥),获取成功并返回戳stamp,打印write lock 384
6.然后t2线程进入Thread.sleep(2000)阻塞
7.经过1秒后t1线程被唤醒,继续执行,read()方法中通过调用lock.validate(stamp)进行校验戳(如果此时锁没有被其他线程获取写锁则返回成功)。此时由于t2已经获取了写锁,所以此时llock.validate(stamp)返回失败
8.t1线程进入获取读锁流程(锁升级),t1线程调用lock.readLock()方法获取写锁,由于t2线程写锁还没有释放,此时t1线程获取写锁失败进入阻塞。
9.经过2秒后t2线程被唤醒,执行后续代码,将属性data改为newData,然后释放写锁,释放锁的过程会唤醒等待队列里的阻塞线程(t1由于获取读锁失败进入等待队列,这里将t1唤醒)。
- t1被唤醒后,获得到了读锁,执行后续流程,返回data值,最后释放读锁
注意:
StampedLock不支持条件变量
StampedLock不支持可重入