java基础-Java集合框架-Map接口- TreeMap、Hashtable、Properties

TreeMap使用方法

• 向TreeMap中添加key-value，要求key必须是同一个类创建的对象

• 因为在TreeMap中要按照key进行排序：自然排序，定制排序

• 使用定制排序：

• package com.jl.java.base.map;
  
  import java.util.Comparator;
  import java.util.TreeMap;
  
  /**
   * @author jiangl
   * @version 1.0
   * @date 2021/4/26 9:28
   */
  public class TreeMapTest {
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          TreeMap<TreeUser,String> map = new TreeMap<>(new Comparator<TreeUser>() {
              @Override
              public int compare(TreeUser o1, TreeUser o2) {
                  return Integer.compare(o1.getAge(),o2.getAge());
              }
          });
          map.put(new TreeUser("ZZ",100),"1");
          map.put(new TreeUser("DD",60),"3");
          map.put(new TreeUser("BB",12),"2");
          map.put(new TreeUser("CC",32),"3");
          map.put(new TreeUser("AA",42),"5");
  
          for(TreeUser i : map.keySet()){
              System.out.println(i + ":"+map.get(i));
          }
  
  
      }
  }
  
  class TreeUser implements Comparable<TreeUser>{
      private String name;
      private int age;
  
      public TreeUser(String name, int age) {
          this.name = name;
          this.age = age;
      }
  
  /*    @Override
      public boolean equals(Object o) {
          if (this == o) {
              return true;
          }
          if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) {
              return false;
          }
          TreeUser treeUser = (TreeUser) o;
          return age == treeUser.age && Objects.equals(name, treeUser.name);
      }
  
      @Override
      public int hashCode() {
          return Objects.hash(name, age);
      }*/
  
      public String getName() {
          return name;
      }
  
      public void setName(String name) {
          this.name = name;
      }
  
      public int getAge() {
          return age;
      }
  
      public void setAge(int age) {
          this.age = age;
      }
  
      @Override
      public String toString() {
          return "TreeUser{" +
                  "name='" + name + '\'' +
                  ", age=" + age +
                  '}';
      }
  
  
      @Override
      public int compareTo(TreeUser o) {
          int i = this.getName().compareTo(o.getName());
          if(i != 0){
              return i;
          }else{
              return Integer.compare(this.getAge(),o.getAge());
          }
      }
  }
  

• 输出结果：

  • TreeUser{name=‘BB’, age=12}:2
    TreeUser{name=‘CC’, age=32}:3
    TreeUser{name=‘AA’, age=42}:5
    TreeUser{name=‘DD’, age=60}:3
    TreeUser{name=‘ZZ’, age=100}:1

• 使用自然排序：

• package com.jl.java.base.map;
  
  import java.util.Comparator;
  import java.util.TreeMap;
  
  /**
   * @author jiangl
   * @version 1.0
   * @date 2021/4/26 9:28
   */
  public class TreeMapTest {
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          TreeMap<TreeUser,String> map = new TreeMap<>();
          map.put(new TreeUser("ZZ",100),"1");
          map.put(new TreeUser("DD",60),"3");
          map.put(new TreeUser("BB",12),"2");
          map.put(new TreeUser("CC",32),"3");
          map.put(new TreeUser("AA",42),"5");
  
          for(TreeUser i : map.keySet()){
              System.out.println(i + ":"+map.get(i));
          }
  
  
      }
  }
  
  class TreeUser implements Comparable<TreeUser>{
      private String name;
      private int age;
  
      public TreeUser(String name, int age) {
          this.name = name;
          this.age = age;
      }
  
  /*    @Override
      public boolean equals(Object o) {
          if (this == o) {
              return true;
          }
          if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) {
              return false;
          }
          TreeUser treeUser = (TreeUser) o;
          return age == treeUser.age && Objects.equals(name, treeUser.name);
      }
  
      @Override
      public int hashCode() {
          return Objects.hash(name, age);
      }*/
  
      public String getName() {
          return name;
      }
  
      public void setName(String name) {
          this.name = name;
      }
  
      public int getAge() {
          return age;
      }
  
      public void setAge(int age) {
          this.age = age;
      }
  
      @Override
      public String toString() {
          return "TreeUser{" +
                  "name='" + name + '\'' +
                  ", age=" + age +
                  '}';
      }
  
  
      @Override
      public int compareTo(TreeUser o) {
          int i = this.getName().compareTo(o.getName());
          if(i != 0){
              return i;
          }else{
              return Integer.compare(this.getAge(),o.getAge());
          }
      }
  }
  

  • 输出结果：
  • TreeUser{name=‘AA’, age=42}:5
    TreeUser{name=‘BB’, age=12}:2
    TreeUser{name=‘CC’, age=32}:3
    TreeUser{name=‘DD’, age=60}:3
    TreeUser{name=‘ZZ’, age=100}:1

Map实现类之四：Hashtable

• Hashtable是个古老的Map实现类，JDK1.0就提供了。不同于HashMap，Hashtable是线程安全的，Hashtable无序。
• Hashtable实现原理和HashMap相同，功能相同。底层使用哈希表架构，查询速度快，很多情况下可以互用。
• 与HashMap不同，Hashtable不允许使用null作为key和value
• 与HashMap一样，Hashtable也不能保证其中Key-Value对的顺序
• Hashtable判断两个key相等、两个value相等的标准，与hashMap一致

Map实现类之五：Properties

• Properties类是Hashtable的子类，该对象用于处理属性文件

  • public
    class Properties extends Hashtable<Object,Object> {
    }
    

• 由于属性文件里的key、value都是字符串类型，所以Properties里的key和value都是字符串类型

• 存取数据时，建议使用setProperties(String key,String value)方法和getProperties(String key)方法

• 构造方法

  • /**
     * Creates an empty property list with no default values.
     */
    public Properties() {
        this(null);
    }
    
    /**
     * Creates an empty property list with the specified defaults.
     *
     * @param   defaults   the defaults.
     */
    public Properties(Properties defaults) {
        this.defaults = defaults;
    }
    

• 使用方法：

• package com.jl.java.base.map;
  
  import org.junit.Test;
  
  import java.io.FileInputStream;
  import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
  import java.io.IOException;
  import java.util.Properties;
  
  /**
   * @author jiangl
   * @version 1.0
   * @date 2021/4/26 9:49
   */
  public class PropertiesTest {
  
      public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
          FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;
          try {
              Properties properties = new Properties();
              fileInputStream = new FileInputStream("jdbc.properties");
              properties.load(fileInputStream);
              System.out.println(properties.getProperty("name"));
              System.out.println(properties.getProperty("password"));
          } catch (IOException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          } finally {
              if(fileInputStream != null){
                  fileInputStream.close();
              }
          }
  
      }
  
  
  }