Netty - Netty应用实例-群聊系统

Netty应用实例-群聊系统

  • 实例要求:

    • 编写一个Netty群聊系统,实现服务器和客户端之间的数据简单通讯(非阻塞)
    • 实现多人群聊
    • 服务端:可以监测用户上线,离线,并实现消息转发功能
    • 客户端:通过channel可以无阻塞发送消息给其他所用用户,同时可以接受其他用户发送的消息(由服务器转达得到)
    • 目的:进一步理解Netty非阻塞网络编程机制
  • 代码

    • 服务端GroupChatServer

      • package com.jl.java.web.groupchat;
        
        import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
        import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
        import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
        import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
        import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
        import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
        import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
        import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
        import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
        import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
        
        /**
         * @author jiangl
         * @version 1.0
         * @date 2021/5/24 20:56
         */
        public class GroupChatServer {
        
            private int port;
        
            public GroupChatServer(int port) {
                this.port = port;
            }
        
            //编写run方法,处理客户端的请求
            public void run(){
                NioEventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
                NioEventLoopGroup workGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
                try {
                    ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
        
                    b.group(bossGroup,workGroup)
                            .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                            .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG,128)
                            .childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE,true)
                            .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
        
                                @Override
                                protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                                    ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
                                    //向pipeline加入一个解码器
                                    pipeline.addLast("decoder",new StringDecoder());
                                    //向pipeline加入一个编码器
                                    pipeline.addLast("encoder",new StringEncoder());
                                    //加入自己的业务处理handler
                                    //自己的业务处理handler会被outbound的write方法再次加工处理,然后输出给客户端,outbound的顺序是从后往前的
                                    pipeline.addLast(new GroupChatServerHandler());
                                }
                            });
                    System.out.println("Netty服务器启动....");
                    ChannelFuture channelFuture = b.bind(port).sync();
                    channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } finally {
                    bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
                    workGroup.shutdownGracefully();
                }
            }
        
            public static void main(String[] args) {
                new GroupChatServer(7000).run();
            }
        }
        
    • 服务端Handler

      • package com.jl.java.web.groupchat;
        
        import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
        import io.netty.channel.Channel;
        import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
        import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
        import io.netty.channel.group.ChannelGroup;
        import io.netty.channel.group.DefaultChannelGroup;
        import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
        import io.netty.util.concurrent.GlobalEventExecutor;
        
        import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
        import java.util.Date;
        import java.util.HashMap;
        import java.util.Map;
        
        /**
         * @author jiangl
         * @version 1.0
         * @date 2021/5/24 21:05
         */
        public class GroupChatServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {
        
            //定义一个Channel组,管理所有的channel
            //GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE 是全局的时间执行器,是一个单例
            private static ChannelGroup channelGroup = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);
            SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
        
             private static Map<String,Channel> all = new HashMap<String,Channel>();
        
            /**
             * handlerAdded 表示连接建立,一旦连接,第一个被执行
             * 将当前channel加入到channelGroup
             * @param ctx
             * @throws Exception
             */
            @Override
            public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
                Channel channel = ctx.channel();
                //该方法会将channelGroup中所有的channel遍历,并发送消息
                //不需要自己遍历
                channelGroup.writeAndFlush(sdf.format(new Date())+"\n "+" [客户端]"+channel.remoteAddress()+"加入聊天\n");
                //将客户加入聊天的信息推送给其他在线的客户端
                channelGroup.add(channel);
                all.put(channel.remoteAddress().toString(),channel);
            }
        
            /**
             * 表示Channel处于活动状态,提示xx上线
             * @param ctx
             * @throws Exception
             */
            @Override
            public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
                System.out.println(sdf.format(new Date())+"\n "+ctx.channel().remoteAddress()+" 上线了~");
            }
        
            /**
             * 断开连接,将XX离开信息,推送给当前在线的客户
             * @param ctx
             * @throws Exception
             */
            @Override
            public void handlerRemoved(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
                channelGroup.writeAndFlush(sdf.format(new Date())+"\n "+"[客户端]"+ctx.channel().remoteAddress()+" 离开了~");
                System.out.println("当前ChannelGroup的大小:"+channelGroup.size());
                all.remove(ctx.channel().remoteAddress().toString());
            }
        
            /**
             * 表示Channel处于不活动状态,提示xx离线
             * @param ctx
             * @throws Exception
             */
            @Override
            public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
                System.out.println(sdf.format(new Date())+"\n "+ctx.channel().remoteAddress()+" 离线了~");
        
            }
        
            /**
             * 读取数据
             * @param ctx
             * @param msg
             * @throws Exception
             */
            @Override
            protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {
                Channel channel = ctx.channel();
                /**
                 * 这里简单判断 如果内容里边包含#那么就是私聊
                 */
                if(msg.contains("#")){
                    String id = msg.split("#")[0];
                    String body = msg.split("#")[1];
                    Channel userChannel = all.get(id);
                    String key = channel.remoteAddress().toString().split(":")[1];
                    userChannel.writeAndFlush(sdf.format(new Date())+"\n 【用户】 "+id+" 私聊你说 : "+body);
                    channel.writeAndFlush(sdf.format(new Date())+"\n [自己]对"+id+"说:"+ body+"\n");
                    return;
                }
                //遍历channelGroup,根据不同的情况,会送不同的消息
                channelGroup.forEach(ch->{
                    if(ch != channel){
                        ch.writeAndFlush(sdf.format(new Date())+"\n [客户]"+channel.remoteAddress()+"说:"+ msg+"\n");
                    }else{
                        ch.writeAndFlush(sdf.format(new Date())+"\n [自己]发送了消息"+channel.remoteAddress()+"说:"+ msg+"\n");
                    }
                });
            }
        
            @Override
            public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
                //关闭通道
                ctx.close();
            }
        }
        
    • 客户端GroupChatClient

      • package com.jl.java.web.groupchat;
        
        import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
        import io.netty.channel.Channel;
        import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
        import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
        import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
        import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
        import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
        import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
        import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
        import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
        
        import java.util.Scanner;
        
        /**
         * @author jiangl
         * @version 1.0
         * @date 2021/5/24 21:39
         */
        public class GroupChatClient {
        
            //属性
            /**
             * 主机地址
             */
            private final String host;
            /**
             * 端口号
             */
            private final int port;
        
            public GroupChatClient(String host, int port) {
                this.host = host;
                this.port = port;
            }
        
            public void run(){
                NioEventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        
                try {
                    Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap().group(group)
                            .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
                            .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                                @Override
                                protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                                    //得到pipeline
                                    ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
                                    //加入解码器
                                    pipeline.addLast("decoder", new StringDecoder());
                                    //加入编码器
                                    pipeline.addLast("encoder", new StringEncoder());
                                    //加入自定义的handler
                                    pipeline.addLast(new GroupChatClientHandler());
                                }
                            });
        
                    ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.connect(host, port).sync();
                    Channel channel = channelFuture.channel();
                    System.out.println("---------------"+channel.remoteAddress()+"---------------");
                    System.out.println("#########################################################");
                    System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/ip:端口号#消息内容,这样就能私聊~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
                    System.out.println("#########################################################");
                    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
                    while(scanner.hasNextLine()){
                        String s = scanner.nextLine();
                        channel.writeAndFlush(s+"\r\n");
                    }
                    channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } finally {
                    group.shutdownGracefully();
                }
            }
        
            public static void main(String[] args) {
                new GroupChatClient("127.0.0.1",7000).run();
            }
        }
        
    • 客户端Handler

      • package com.jl.java.web.groupchat;
        
        import com.sun.xml.internal.ws.message.stream.OutboundStreamHeader;
        import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
        import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
        
        /**
         * @author jiangl
         * @version 1.0
         * @date 2021/5/24 21:44
         */
        public class GroupChatClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {
            @Override
            protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {
                System.out.println(msg.trim());
            }
        }
        

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