基于Django的博客开发——相同标签推荐功能：出现no such column: blog_post.tags

Django说数据库没有tags这一列，查看了数据库确实是。

这时候发现就算在post的模型里面再改做迁移也不行，问题代码出现在视图文件的post_detail:

def post_detail(request, year, month, day, post):
    post = get_object_or_404(Post, slug=post,
                                   status='published',
                                   publish__year=year,
                                   publish__month=month,
                                   publish__day=day)

    # List of active comments for this post
    comments = post.comments.filter(active=True)

    new_comment = None

    if request.method == 'POST':
        # A comment was posted
        comment_form = CommentForm(data=request.POST)
        if comment_form.is_valid():
            # Create Comment object but don't save to database yet
            new_comment = comment_form.save(commit=False)
            # Assign the current post to the comment
            new_comment.post = post
            # Save the comment to the database
            new_comment.save()
    else:
        comment_form = CommentForm()

    # List of similar posts
    post_tags_ids = post.tags.values_list('id', flat=True)
    similar_posts = Post.published.filter(tags__in=post_tags_ids)\
                                  .exclude(id=post.id)
    similar_posts = similar_posts.annotate(same_tags=Count('tags'))\
                                .order_by('-same_tags','-publish')[:4]

    return render(request,
                  'blog/post/detail.html',
                  {'post': post,
                   'comments': comments,
                   'new_comment': new_comment,
                   'comment_form': comment_form,
                   'similar_posts': similar_posts})

好家伙，我们继续用列表推导式重写这个函数。

def post_detail(request, year, month, day, post):
    post = get_object_or_404(Post, slug=post,
                             status='published',
                             publish__year=year,
                             publish__month=month,
                             publish__day=day)

    # 评论列表
    comments = post.comments.filter(active=True)
    new_comment = None
    if request.method == 'POST':
        # 提交一个评论
        comment_form = CommentForm(data=request.POST)
        if comment_form.is_valid():  # 有效
            new_comment = comment_form.save(commit=False)  # 创建一个评论对象,保存到数据库中
            new_comment.post = post
            new_comment.save()
    else:
        comment_form = CommentForm

    # 获取与当前博文有相同标签的其他博文，按发布日期降序排序
    similar_posts = [p for p in Post.published.exclude(id=post.id).all() if
                     any(tag in post.tags.all() for tag in p.tags.all())][:4]

    # 分页逻辑
    paginator = Paginator(similar_posts, 4)  # 4个一页
    page = request.GET.get('page')

    try:
        similar_posts = paginator.page(page)
    except PageNotAnInteger:
        similar_posts = paginator.page(1)
    except EmptyPage:
        similar_posts = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages)

    return render(request,
                  'blog/post/detail.html',
                  {'post': post,
                   'comments': comments,
                   'new_comment': new_comment,
                   'comment_form': comment_form,
                   'similar_posts': similar_posts})

问题解决。

详细解释一下这个列表推导式。

similar_posts = [p for p in Post.published.exclude(id=post.id).all() if any(tag in post.tags.all() for tag in p.tags.all())][:4]

• for p in Post.published.exclude(id=post.id).all(): 遍历Post.published中除了当前博文以外的所有博文。

• if any(tag in post.tags.all() for tag in p.tags.all()): 这里我们使用any()函数和内部的生成器表达式来检查是否有任何标签在p.tags.all()中也存在于post.tags.all()中。如果有，这意味着p和post有至少一个相同的标签。

• [:4]: 最后，我们通过切片只取前4个满足条件的博文。

• 最后效果如图

•