Java实现简单的图书管理系统

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-17 09:15:00 发布

迪利克雷的火车

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-17 09:15:00 发布

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分类专栏： JavaSE 文章标签： java 开发语言

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/jmy192837465/article/details/135759942

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user通过operation操作book，大致思想如下

在对于图书的操作中，一共出现了三类对象分别是：用户操作书，其中用户分为管理员和普通用户，操作是例如借阅归还等具体动作，书分为书本身以及书架

主函数如上，

第一步，new一个BookList 类型的bookList ，对图书的所有操作基于bookList

第二部，login() 函数回根据你选择的不同，new不同的用户身份，用父类user接收，此处发生向上转型

第三步，根据用户所选的choice，和bookList当成参数完成具体操作

具体代码

user包

User

package user;

import Operation.IOperation;
import book.BookList;

//普通用户和管理员都将继承User
public abstract class User {
    protected String name;
    protected IOperation[] IOperations;
    public User(String name){

        this.name = name;
    }
    public abstract int menu();
    public void doOperation(int choice, BookList bookList){
       // this.ioPerations[choice].work(bookList);
        IOperation ioPeration = this.IOperations[choice];
        ioPeration.work(bookList);
    }
}

AdminUser

package user;

import Operation.*;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class AdminUser extends User {
    public AdminUser(String name){
        super(name);
        this.IOperations = new IOperation[]{
                new ExitOperation(),
                new FindOperation(),
                new AddOperation(),
                new DelOperation(),
                new ShowOperation(),
        };
    }
    public int menu(){
        System.out.println("**********管理员菜单********");
        System.out.println("1.查找图书");
        System.out.println("2.新增图书");
        System.out.println("3.删除图书");
        System.out.println("4.显示图书");
        System.out.println("0.退出系统");
        System.out.println("**************************");
        System.out.println("请输入你的操作：");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }
}

NormalUser

package user;

import Operation.*;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class NormalUser extends User{
   public NormalUser(String name){
        super(name);
        //为什么接口数组能接收对象？因为类实现了该接口，相当于父类引用 引用了子类对象
        this.IOperations = new IOperation[]{
                new ExitOperation(),
                new FindOperation(),
                new BorrowOperation(),
                new ReturnOperatuon(),
                new ShowOperation()
        };
    }
    public int menu(){
       System.out.println("**********普通用户菜单********");
       System.out.println("1.查找图书");
       System.out.println("2.借阅图书");
       System.out.println("3.归还图书");
       System.out.println("4.显示图书");
       System.out.println("0.退出系统");
       System.out.println("**************************");
       System.out.println("请输入你的操作：");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
   }
}

Operation包

IOperation

package Operation;
import book.BookList;
public interface IOperation {
    void work(BookList bookList);
}

AddOpeation

package Operation;

import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class AddOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("新增图书！");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入你要新增图书的书名：");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入你要新增图书的作者：");
        String author = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入你要新增图书的类型：");
        String type = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入你要新增图书的价格：");
        int price  = scanner.nextInt();
        //构造book对象并存放
        Book book = new Book(name,author,type,price);
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0;i<currentSize;i++){
            Book tmp = bookList.getBooks(i);
            if (tmp.getName().equals(name)){//book.getName是什么 name是什么
                System.out.println("存在这本书，信息如下");
                System.out.println(book);
                return;
            }
        }
        //没有重复的书，开始新增
        bookList.setBooks(book,currentSize);
        System.out.println("新增成功！ 新增书的信息如下：");
        System.out.println(book);
        bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize+1);
    }
}

BorrowOperation

package Operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class BorrowOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("借阅图书");
        System.out.println("请输入你要借阅的图书名：");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i<currentSize;i++){
            Book book = bookList.getBooks(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(name)){
                //存在这本书且未被借出
                if(!book.isBorrowed()){
                    book.setBorrowed(true);
                    System.out.println("借阅成功！");
                    return;
                }
            }
        }
        System.out.println("没有此书或者该书已经借出："+name);
    }
}

DelOperation

import java.util.Scanner;

public class DelOperation implements IOperation {
    public void work(BookList bookList){
        System.out.println("删除图书！");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in) ;
        System.out.println("请输入你要删除的图书名:");
        int index = -1;
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i=0;i<currentSize;i++){
            Book book = bookList.getBooks(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(name)){
                index=i;//找到书，得到该书的下标
                System.out.println("删除成功！ 删除书目为：");
                System.out.println(book);
                break;
            }
        }
        if(index==-1){
            System.out.println("没有你要删除的图书！");
            return;
        }
        //可以删除了
        //移动数据进行覆盖，size--
        for (int j=index;j<currentSize-1;j++){
           // bookList[j]=bookList[j+1];
            //前移 覆盖
            Book book = bookList.getBooks(j+1);
            bookList.setBooks(book,j);
            //图书的size--
            bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize-1);
            //回收被删除的空间
            bookList.setBooks(null,currentSize-1);
        }

    }

}

ExitOperation

package Operation;
import book.BookList;
public class ExitOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("退出系统！");
        //应该还需要对booklist进行资源回收
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

FindOperation

package Operation;

import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class FindOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("查找图书！");
        System.out.println("请写出你要查找的书名：");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        int currentsize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0;i<currentsize;i++){
            Book book = bookList.getBooks(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(name)){
                System.out.println("存在此书，信息如下：");
                System.out.println(book);
                return;
            }
        }
        //代码还没return出去，说明没有找到
        System.out.println("没有找到书名为："+name+"的书");
    }
}

ReturnOperation

package Operation;

import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class ReturnOperatuon implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("归还图书！");
        System.out.println("请输入你要归还的图书名：");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i<currentSize;i++){
            Book book = bookList.getBooks(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(name)){
                //这本书被借出
                if(book.isBorrowed()){
                    //归还
                    book.setBorrowed(false);
                    System.out.println("归还成功！");
                    return;
                }
            }
        }
        System.out.println("没有此书或者该书已经被归还："+name);
    }
}

ShowOperation

package Operation;

import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

public class ShowOperation implements IOperation {
   @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("显示图书！");
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0;i<currentSize;i++){
            Book book = bookList.getBooks(i);
            System.out.println(book);
            System.out.println();
        }
    }
}

book包

Book

package book;

public class Book {
    private String name;//书名
    private String author;//作者
    private String type;//类型
    private int price;//价格
    private  boolean isBorrowed;//是否被借出 默认false


    public Book(String name,String author,String type,int price) {
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
        this.price = price;
        this.type = type;
    }
    public String getName(){
        return this.name;
    }
    public void setName(String name){
        this.name=name;
    }
    public String getAuthor(){
        return this.author;
    }
    public void setAuthor(String author){
        this.author=author;
    }
    public String getType(){
        return this.type;
    }
    public void setType(String type){
        this.type=type;
    }
    public int getPrice(){
        return this.price;
    }
    public void setPrice(int price){
        this.price=price;
    }
    public boolean isBorrowed(){
        return this.isBorrowed;
    }
    public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed){
        this.isBorrowed=borrowed;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "BookList{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", author='" + author + '\'' +
                ", type='" + type + '\'' +
                ", price=" + price +
                ((isBorrowed == true) ? "  已借出" : "  未借出")+
                '}';
    }

}

BookList

package book;

public class BookList {
    private Book[] books;
    private int usedSize;//记录当前书架放了几本书
    public BookList(){
        this.books = new Book[10];
        this.books[0] = new Book("三国演义","罗贯中","小说",10);
        this.books[1] = new Book("水浒传","施耐庵","小说",11);
        this.books[2] = new Book("红楼梦","曹雪芹","小说",12);
        this.books[3] = new Book("西游记","吴承恩","小说",13);
        this.usedSize = 4;
    }

    public int getUsedSize() {
        return usedSize;
    }

    public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {
        this.usedSize = usedSize;
    }
    public Book getBooks(int pos){
        return books[pos];
    }
    public void setBooks(Book book,int pos){
        books[pos] = book;
    }
    public void delBooks(String name){

    }
}

Main

import book.BookList;
import user.AdminUser;
import user.NormalUser;
import user.User;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {
    public static User login(){
        System.out.println("请输入你的姓名：");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入你的身份，1.管理员  2.普通用户  --->");
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        if (choice==1){
            return new AdminUser(name);
        }else {
            return new NormalUser(name);
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //
        BookList bookList = new BookList();
       User user = login();
       while (true){
           int choice = user.menu();
           user.doOperation(choice,bookList);
           //根据菜单返回的choice来执行对应的操作
       }
    }
}