后端返回blob值

前端 

axios({
            method: "post",
            url: "/checkUrl",
            data: {"requestUrl": queryParameters.url},
            headers: {
                "Content-Type": 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
                "Authorization": '......'
            },
            responseType: 'blob'   //重要的是设置responseType
        }).then((res)=>{
            console.log(res);
})

后端

public static void inputStream2File(String fileURL, HttpServletResponse response){
        try {
            String filename = URLEncoder.encode("文件名.pdf", "UTF-8");

            response.setContentType("application/octet-stream");
            response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + filename);//浏览器上提示下载时默认的文件名

            URL url = new URL(fileURL);
            HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            // 设置超时间为3秒
            conn.setConnectTimeout(3 * 1000);
            // 防止屏蔽程序抓取而返回403错误
            conn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.0; Windows NT; DigExt)");

            // 得到输入流
            InputStream inputStream = conn.getInputStream();

            ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            int length;
            while ((length = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                out.write(buffer, 0, length);
            }

            // 关闭输入流和输出流
            inputStream.close();
            out.close();
            out.flush();
        }catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

参考文档：

response.setContentType()的作用及参数-CSDN博客