java泛型创建数组

在java中，不能通过直接通过T[] tarr=new T[10]的方式来创建数组，最简单的方式便是通过Array.newInstance(Class<t>type,int size)的方式来创建数组例如下面的程序。

    public class ArrayMaker<T> {    
        private Class<T> type;    
        
        public ArrayMaker(Class<T> type) {    
            this.type = type;    
        }    
        
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")    
        T[] createArray(int size) {    
            return (T[]) Array.newInstance(type, size);    
        }    
        
        List<T> createList() {    
            return new ArrayList<T>();    
        }    
        
        /**   
         * @param args   
         */    
        public static void main(String[] args) {    
            /*   
             * Even though kind is stored as Class<T> , erasure means that it is actually just being stored as a Class, with   
             * no parameter. So, when you do some thing with it, as in creating an array, Array.newInstance( ) doesn’t   
             * actually have the type information that’s implied in kind; so it cannot produce the specific result, wh ich   
             * must therefore be cast, which produces a warning that you cannot satisfy.   
             */    
            ArrayMaker<Type> am2 = new ArrayMaker<Type>(Type.class);    
            System.out.println(Arrays.asList(am2.createArray(10)));    
            System.out.println(Arrays.asList(am2.createList()));    
        }    
        
    }    
        
    class Type {    
        @Override    
        public String toString() {    
            return "type";    
        }    
    }   

上面的这个例子比较简单，但是如果你有接触过泛型数组，你便对他的复杂度有一定的了解，由于创建泛型数组比较复杂，所以在实际的应用过程中一般会选择List的对泛型进行存储，如果实在需要使用泛型数组，则需要注意数组的在运行时的类型，think in java这本书中，对泛型数组的处理通过四个小程序对其进行了比较完整的描述。

程序一：这个程序主要说明了，在使用泛型数组中容易出现的问题，由于书中对于程序的说明比较详细，所以只对程序做引用。

    class Generic<T> {    
    }    
        
    public class ArrayofGeneric {    
        public static void main(String[] args) {    
            Generic<Integer>[] genArr;    
            /*   
             * will throw ClassCastException :The problem is that arrays keep track of their actual type, and that type is   
             * established at the point of creation of the array. So even though genArr has been cast to a Generic < Integer   
             * >[] , that information only exists at compile time (and without the @SuppressWarnings annotation, you’d get a   
             * warning for that cast). At run time, it’s still an array of Object, and that causes problems.   
             */    
            // genArr = (Generic<Integer>[]) new Object[] {};    
            /* can not create a generic of array */    
            // genArr=new Generic<Integer>[2];    
            genArr = (Generic<Integer>[]) new Generic[2];    
            System.out.println(genArr);    
        }    
    }  

程序二：这个程序主要是说明在程序的执行过程中，泛型数组的类型信息会被擦除，且在运行的过程中数组的类型有且仅有Object[]，如果我们强制转换成T[]类型的话，虽然在编译的时候不会有异常产生，但是运行时会有ClassCastException抛出。

    /**   
     *    
     * Because of erasure, the runtime type of the array can only be Object[]. If we immediately cast it to T[], then at   
     * compile time the actual type of the array is lost, and the compiler may miss out on some potential error checks.   
     *    
     *    
     *    
     * archive $ProjectName: $   
     *    
     * @author Admin   
     *    
     * @version $Revision: $ $Name: $   
     */    
    public class ArrayOfGeneric2<T> {    
        public T[] ts;    
        
        public ArrayOfGeneric2(int size) {    
            ts = (T[]) new Object[size];    
        }    
        
        public T get(int index) {    
            return ts[index];    
        }    
        
        public T[] rep() {    
            return ts;    
        }    
        
        public void set(int index, T t) {    
            ts[index] = t;    
        }    
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {    
            ArrayOfGeneric2<String> aog2 = new ArrayOfGeneric2<String>(10);    
            Object[] objs = aog2.rep();    
            System.out.println(objs);    
            /* will throw ClassCastException */    
           // String[] strs = aog2.rep();    
            // System.out.println(strs);    
        }    
        
    }   

程序三：主要说明在对象中通过用Object[]来保存数据，则生成对象是，可以对其持有的对象在T和object之间进行转换，但是当设计到数组的转换时，还是会报ClassCastException

    /**   
     *    
     * Initially, this doesn’t look very different compare with ArrayOfGeneric2.java , just that the cast has been moved.   
     * Without the ©SuppressWarnings annotations, you will still get "unchecked" warnings. However, the internal   
     * representation is now Object[] rather than T[]. When get( ) is called, it casts the object to T, which is in fact the   
     * correct type, so that is safe. However, if you call rep( ) , it again attempts to cast the Object[] to a T[], which   
     * is still incorrect, and produces a warning at compile time and an exception at run time. Thus there’s no way to   
     * subvert the type of the underlying array, which can only be Object[]. The advantage of treating array internally as   
     * Object[] instead of T[] is that it’s less likely that you’ll forget the runtime type of the array and accidentally   
     * introduce a bug (although the majority, and perhaps all, of such bugs would be rapidly detected at run time)   
     *    
     *    
     *    
     * archive $ProjectName: $   
     *    
     * @author Admin   
     *    
     * @version $Revision: $ $Name: $   
     */    
    public class ArrayOfGeneric3<T> {    
        Object[] ts;    
        
        public ArrayOfGeneric3(int size) {    
            ts = new Object[size];    
        }    
        
        public T get(int index) {    
            return (T) ts[index];    
        }    
        
        public T[] rep() {    
            return (T[]) ts;    
        }    
        
        public void set(int index, T t) {    
            ts[index] = t;    
        }    
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {    
            ArrayOfGeneric3<Integer> aog2 = new ArrayOfGeneric3<Integer>(10);    
            Object[] objs = aog2.rep();    
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {    
                aog2.set(i, i);    
                System.out.println(aog2.get(i));    
            }    
                Integer[] strs = aog2.rep();    
                System.out.println(strs);    
        }    
    }   

程序四：是对泛型数组相对而言比较完美的解决方案

    /**   
     *    
     * The type token Class<T> is passed into the constructor in order to recover from the erasure, so that we can create   
     * the actual type of array that we need, although the warning from the cast must be suppressed with @SuppressWarnings.   
     * Once we do get the actual type, we can return it and get the desired results, as you see in main( ). The runtime type   
     * of the array is the exact type T[].   
     *    
     * @author Admin   
     *    
     * @version $Revision: $ $Name: $   
     */    
    public class ArrayOfGeneric4<T> {    
        
        T[] ts;    
        
        public ArrayOfGeneric4(Class<T> type, int size) {    
            /* to solution array of generic key code! */    
            ts = (T[]) Array.newInstance(type, size);    
        }    
        
        public T get(int index) {    
            return ts[index];    
        }    
        
        public T[] rep() {    
            return ts;    
        }    
        
        public void set(int index, T t) {    
            ts[index] = t;    
        }    
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {    
            ArrayOfGeneric4<Integer> aog2 = new ArrayOfGeneric4<Integer>(Integer.class, 10);    
            Object[] objs = aog2.rep();    
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {    
                aog2.set(i, i);    
                System.out.println(aog2.get(i));    
            }    
            try {    
                Integer[] strs = aog2.rep();    
                System.out.println("user Array.newInstance to create generci of array was successful!!!!! ");    
            } catch (Exception ex) {    
                ex.printStackTrace();    
            }    
        }    
    }