最近,可能会用到Spring MVC,特来学习一下。
首先,在网上找了些例子,总结一下。
1.新建Maven的Web项目
具体的操作步骤,可以参照关于Maven的博客。
2.pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.ygy.mvc</groupId>
<artifactId>mvc-helloworld</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>mvc-helloworld Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring.version>3.1.1.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.10</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>3.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>mvc-helloworld</finalName>
</build>
</project>
这里引入了一个sping-webmvc,这是以前没有用过的;这里还需要引入jstl,要不然访问时会报错。
3.web.xml
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>helloworld</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>helloworld</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
这里配置了一个Servlet,这个就是SpringMVC的核心控制器;默认情况下,配置了这个Servlet,还需要在WEB-INF下有一个和servlet-name一致的配置文件
${servlet-name}-servlet.xml,这里面配置了控制器。
4.helloworld-servlet.xml
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd">
<!-- HandlerMapping -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping" />
<!-- HandlerAdapter -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter" />
<!-- ViewResolver -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
其实,这些类是干嘛的,现在我也不太清楚,这个以后明白了,会在博客中分享的。现在的目的是,跑通一个SpringMVC的程序。
这里的ViewResolver,配置了一些返回页面的位置和后缀名。
5.HelloWorldController
package org.ygy.mvc.action;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
public class HelloWorldController implements Controller {
@Override
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws Exception {
System.out.println("-----OK");
// 1、收集参数、验证参数
// 2、绑定参数到命令对象
// 3、将命令对象传入业务对象进行业务处理
// 4、选择下一个页面
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
// 添加模型数据 可以是任意的POJO对象
mv.addObject("message", "路飞");
// 设置逻辑视图名,视图解析器会根据该名字解析到具体的视图页面
mv.setViewName("hello");
return mv;
}
}
修改helloworld-servlet.xml
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd">
<!-- HandlerMapping -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping" />
<!-- HandlerAdapter -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter" />
<!-- ViewResolver -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- 处理器 -->
<bean name="/hello" class="org.ygy.mvc.action.HelloWorldController" />
</beans>
6.hello.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Hello Spring MVC</title>
</head>
<body>
Hello , MVC!<br/><%=request.getAttribute("message") %>
<hr/>
${message }
</body>
</html>
这里还有一个问题,参照的例子中,可以使用EL表达式,我这里显示不出来,暂时 不知道为什么,以后知道了,会分享一下。
结果界面:
7.致谢
参照的博客,感谢分享:
http://jinnianshilongnian.iteye.com/blog/1594806
http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-09/70638.htm