yum服务器的搭建与配置

YUM的基本工作流程如下：

       服务器端：在服务器上面存放了所有的RPM软件包，然后以相关的功能去分析每个RPM文件的依赖性关系，将这些数据记录成文件存放在服务器的某特定目录内。

       客户端：如果需要安装某个软件时，先下载服务器上面记录的依赖性关系文件(可通过WWW或FTP方式)，通过对服务器端下载的纪录数据进行分析，然后取得所有相关的软件，一次全部下载下来进行安装。

 

 

我的环境:

CentOS release 5.5 (Final)

 

1.安装yum包

我的系统是默认安装好了，如果没安装的话要找相对应的安装文件了。

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rpm -q yum
yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos

2.复制RPM包

 

[root@localhost repodata]# pwd
/media/CentOS_5.5_Final/repodata

[root@localhost repodata]# ll
total 17107
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   941644 May  6  2010 comps.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  3605890 May  6  2010 filelists.xml.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11743815 May  6  2010 other.xml.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1221980 May  6  2010 primary.xml.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     1296 May  6  2010 repomd.xml
-r--r--r-- 1 root root     1121 May  6  2010 TRANS.TBL

[root@localhost media]# cp -rf CentOS_5.5_Final/ /var/ftp/pub/

3.安装createrepo包并重建包的依赖关系

[root@centos Server]# rpm -q createrepo

package createrepo is not installed

[root@centos Server]# rpm -ivh createrepo-0.4.11-3.el5.noarch.rpm

warning: createrepo-0.4.11-3.el5.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186

Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]

   1:createrepo             ########################################### [100%]

 

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#  rpm -q createrepo
createrepo-0.4.11-3.el5

[root@localhost ftp]# createrepo /var/ftp/pub/CentOS_5.5_Final/
500/3392 - CentOS/tomcat5-servlet-2.4-api-javadoc-5.5.23-0jpp.7.el5_3.2.x86_64.r

706/3392 - CentOS/jakarta-commons-collections-testframework-3.2-2jpp.3.x86_64.rp

2792/3392 - CentOS/yum-NetworkManager-dispatcher-1.1.16-14.el5.centos.1.noarch.r

2851/3392 - CentOS/jakarta-commons-collections-testframework-javadoc-3.2-2jpp.3.

3392/3392 - CentOS/xsane-0.991-5.el5.x86_64.rpm
Saving Primary metadata
Saving file lists metadata
Saving other metadata

[root@localhost repodata]# pwd
/var/ftp/pub/CentOS_5.5_Final/repodata

[root@localhost repodata]# ll
total 16408
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   941644 Jun 13 19:33 comps.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  3561694 Jun 13 19:43 filelists.xml.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11045736 Jun 13 19:43 other.xml.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1209861 Jun 13 19:43 primary.xml.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root      951 Jun 13 19:43 repomd.xml
-r--r--r-- 1 root root     1121 Jun 13 19:33 TRANS.TBL

发现这里的部分文件已更新了。

4.搭建ftp或者apach环境（如果服务器和客户端是同一台机器，此步骤可以忽略）

 

[root@centos Server]# rpm -ivh vsftpd-2.0.5-16.el5.i386.rpm

warning: vsftpd-2.0.5-16.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186

Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]

   1:vsftpd                 ########################################### [100%]

[root@centos Server]# chkconfig vsftpd on

[root@centos Server]# chkconfig vsftpd --list

vsftpd          0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

[root@centos Server]# service vsftpd restart

Shutting down vsftpd:                                      [FAILED]

Starting vsftpd for vsftpd:                                [  OK  ]

[root@centos Server]#

 

5.客户端修改YUM配置文件

在每个客户端使用YUM时，必须需要修改配置文件。

       我们先看文件： /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo。 这个文件名称可以随便定义，但是扩展名必须是repo.

 

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat CentOS-Base.repo

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
baseurl=file:///var/ftp/pub/CentOS_5.5_Final
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
#gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

相关参数说明：

       [ ]：内的是仓库的名字，不重复即可。

       name：仓库的描述.

       baseurl: YUM源地址, 这里配置的是FTP,还可以是HTTP,FILE等。

       enabled ：是否启用这个仓库，1为起用，0为禁用
       gpgcheck ：是否检查GPG签名（验证要安装的包是不是REDHAT官方的）。

 

 

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum update
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Setting up Update Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package telnet.x86_64 1:0.17-39.el5 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=================================================================================================================================
 Package                      Arch                         Version                              Repository                  Size
=================================================================================================================================
Updating:
 telnet                       x86_64                       1:0.17-39.el5                        base                        59 k

Transaction Summary
=================================================================================================================================
Install       0 Package(s)
Upgrade       1 Package(s)

Total download size: 59 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test

Transaction Check Error:
  file /usr/share/man/man1/telnet.1.gz from install of telnet-0.17-39.el5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package telnet-0.17-31.EL4.3.i386

Error Summary
-------------

 

执行yum update时 telnet包出错，是由于之前我强制降级了telnet服务所导致的，这里忽略掉。

 

试着安装一个新的包gd-devel，包gd-devel和所有依赖的包都成功安装了！

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install -y  gd-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package gd-devel.i386 0:2.0.33-9.4.el5_4.2 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: freetype-devel for package: gd-devel
--> Processing Dependency: libpng-devel for package: gd-devel
--> Processing Dependency: libXpm-devel for package: gd-devel
--> Processing Dependency: libX11-devel for package: gd-devel
--> Processing Dependency: libjpeg-devel for package: gd-devel
--> Processing Dependency: libgd.so.2 for package: gd-devel
--> Processing Dependency: fontconfig-devel for package: gd-devel
---> Package gd-devel.x86_64 0:2.0.33-9.4.el5_4.2 set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
---> Package fontconfig-devel.x86_64 0:2.4.1-7.el5 set to be updated
---> Package freetype-devel.x86_64 0:2.2.1-21.el5_3 set to be updated
---> Package gd.i386 0:2.0.33-9.4.el5_4.2 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: libXpm.so.4 for package: gd
---> Package libX11-devel.x86_64 0:1.0.3-11.el5 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: xorg-x11-proto-devel >= 7.1-2 for package: libX11-dev                                       el
--> Processing Dependency: libXau-devel for package: libX11-devel
--> Processing Dependency: libXdmcp-devel for package: libX11-devel
---> Package libXpm-devel.x86_64 0:3.5.5-3 set to be updated
---> Package libjpeg-devel.x86_64 0:6b-37 set to be updated
---> Package libpng-devel.x86_64 2:1.2.10-7.1.el5_3.2 set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libXau-devel.x86_64 0:1.0.1-3.1 set to be updated
---> Package libXdmcp-devel.x86_64 0:1.0.1-2.1 set to be updated
---> Package libXpm.i386 0:3.5.5-3 set to be updated
---> Package xorg-x11-proto-devel.x86_64 0:7.1-13.el5 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: mesa-libGL-devel for package: xorg-x11-proto-devel
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mesa-libGL-devel.x86_64 0:6.5.1-7.8.el5 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
 Package                  Arch       Version                     Repository
                                                                           Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 gd-devel                 i386       2.0.33-9.4.el5_4.2          base      97 k
 gd-devel                 x86_64     2.0.33-9.4.el5_4.2          base     102 k
Installing for dependencies:
 fontconfig-devel         x86_64     2.4.1-7.el5                 base     168 k
 freetype-devel           x86_64     2.2.1-21.el5_3              base     146 k
 gd                       i386       2.0.33-9.4.el5_4.2          base     154 k
 libX11-devel             x86_64     1.0.3-11.el5                base     661 k
 libXau-devel             x86_64     1.0.1-3.1                   base      11 k
 libXdmcp-devel           x86_64     1.0.1-2.1                   base     7.5 k
 libXpm                   i386       3.5.5-3                     base      45 k
 libXpm-devel             x86_64     3.5.5-3                     base      32 k
 libjpeg-devel            x86_64     6b-37                       base     105 k
 libpng-devel             x86_64     2:1.2.10-7.1.el5_3.2        base     184 k
 mesa-libGL-devel         x86_64     6.5.1-7.8.el5               base     461 k
 xorg-x11-proto-devel     x86_64     7.1-13.el5                  base     247 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install      14 Package(s)
Upgrade       0 Package(s)

Total download size: 2.4 M
Downloading Packages:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                            43 MB/s | 2.4 MB     00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing     : libXpm                                                  1/14
  Installing     : freetype-devel                                          2/14
  Installing     : fontconfig-devel                                                                               3/14
  Installing     : libjpeg-devel                                                                                  4/14
  Installing     : libpng-devel                                                                                   5/14
  Installing     : libXau-devel                                                                                   6/14
  Installing     : gd                                                                                             7/14
  Installing     : xorg-x11-proto-devel                                                                           8/14
  Installing     : libX11-devel                                                                                   9/14
  Installing     : libXpm-devel                                                                                  10/14
  Installing     : libXdmcp-devel                                                                                11/14
  Installing     : gd-devel                                                                                      12/14
  Installing     : gd-devel                                                                                      13/14
  Installing     : mesa-libGL-devel                                                                              14/14

Installed:
  gd-devel.i386 0:2.0.33-9.4.el5_4.2                        gd-devel.x86_64 0:2.0.33-9.4.el5_4.2

Dependency Installed:
  fontconfig-devel.x86_64 0:2.4.1-7.el5                     freetype-devel.x86_64 0:2.2.1-21.el5_3
  gd.i386 0:2.0.33-9.4.el5_4.2                              libX11-devel.x86_64 0:1.0.3-11.el5
  libXau-devel.x86_64 0:1.0.1-3.1                           libXdmcp-devel.x86_64 0:1.0.1-2.1
  libXpm.i386 0:3.5.5-3                                     libXpm-devel.x86_64 0:3.5.5-3
  libjpeg-devel.x86_64 0:6b-37                              libpng-devel.x86_64 2:1.2.10-7.1.el5_3.2
  mesa-libGL-devel.x86_64 0:6.5.1-7.8.el5                   xorg-x11-proto-devel.x86_64 0:7.1-13.el5

Complete!

此文参考了：

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6113902

http://www.myhack58.com/Article/sort099/sort0102/2012/33520_2.htm