当前端页面访问jsp和servlet请求资源时,都是调用其中的service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res)方法
第一种:实现javax.servlet.Servlet接口,覆盖service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res)方法
public class Sub2Servlet implements Servlet{
@Override
public void service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res)
throws ServletException, IOException {
String name=req.getParameter("name");
}
第二种:继承javax.servlet.GenericServlet,覆盖 service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res)方法
note: Servlet中变量config是默认调用GenericServlet 中的init(ServletConfig config)方法赋值的
当我们覆盖此方法时,会导致config变量为null,在调用getInitParameter时出现异常
我们应覆盖init()来处理 此时servlet调用: 第一次创建时:构造函数------->GenericServlet.init(ServletConfig config)函数------>覆盖的init()函数
------->service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res)方法
<span style="color:#000000;">public class Sub2Servlet extends GenericServlet{
private String charset;
@Override
public void service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res)
throws ServletException, IOException {
String name=new String(req.getParameter("name").getBytes("ISO8859-1"),charset);
System.out.println(name);
}
@Override
public void init() throws ServletException {
charset=getServletConfig().getInitParameter("charset");
System.out.println(charset);
}</span>
第三种:继承javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet,覆盖doGet/doPost方法
对于HttpServlet属于servlet,必定访问时调用service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res)方法
代码:
@Override
public void service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res)
throws ServletException, IOException {
HttpServletRequest request;
HttpServletResponse response;
try {
request = (HttpServletRequest) req;
response = (HttpServletResponse) res;
} catch (ClassCastException e) {
throw new ServletException("non-HTTP request or response");
}
service(request, response);
}
会根据请求协议判断是否为http协议,调用service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)方法
代码:
protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
String method = req.getMethod();<span style="color:#FF0000;">//获取请求方式,调用相应的doGet/doPost方法/其他方法</span>
if (method.equals(METHOD_GET)) {
long lastModified = getLastModified(req);
if (lastModified == -1) {
// servlet doesn't support if-modified-since, no reason
// to go through further expensive logic
doGet(req, resp);
} else {
long ifModifiedSince;
try {
ifModifiedSince = req.getDateHeader(HEADER_IFMODSINCE);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
// Invalid date header - proceed as if none was set
ifModifiedSince = -1;
}
if (ifModifiedSince < (lastModified / 1000 * 1000)) {
// If the servlet mod time is later, call doGet()
// Round down to the nearest second for a proper compare
// A ifModifiedSince of -1 will always be less
maybeSetLastModified(resp, lastModified);
doGet(req, resp);
} else {
resp.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_MODIFIED);
}
}
} else if (method.equals(METHOD_HEAD)) {
long lastModified = getLastModified(req);
maybeSetLastModified(resp, lastModified);
doHead(req, resp);
} else if (method.equals(METHOD_POST)) {
doPost(req, resp);
} else if (method.equals(METHOD_PUT)) {
doPut(req, resp);
} else if (method.equals(METHOD_DELETE)) {
doDelete(req, resp);
} else if (method.equals(METHOD_OPTIONS)) {
doOptions(req,resp);
} else if (method.equals(METHOD_TRACE)) {
doTrace(req,resp);
} else {
//
// Note that this means NO servlet supports whatever
// method was requested, anywhere on this server.
//
String errMsg = lStrings.getString("http.method_not_implemented");
Object[] errArgs = new Object[1];
errArgs[0] = method;
errMsg = MessageFormat.format(errMsg, errArgs);
resp.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, errMsg);
}
}
然而我们必须要覆盖doGet/doPost方法,否则会报错,是因为源代码程序 的正常报错
代码:
<span style="color:#000000;">protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException
{
String protocol = req.getProtocol();
String msg = lStrings.getString("http.method_get_not_supported");
if (protocol.endsWith("1.1")) {<span style="color:#FF0000;">//无论是否对错都报错</span>
resp.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED, msg);
} else {
resp.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_BAD_REQUEST, msg);
}
}</span>
因此我们要覆盖对应的doGet/doPost方法,使得 service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)方法调用我们自己写的代码
小知识点:服务器路径问题:
当项目src源代码编译后,在启用服务器时 .class字节码文件存放在TOMCAT_HOME/webapps/项目名/WEB-INF/class文件下。
我们可以通过类加载器来获取path路径
<span style="color:#000000;">// 学习一下服务器下的资源路径加载方式(因为我们的资源已经从MyEclipse中发布到Tomcat服务器中了,所以跟原来纯Java项目不一样了)
// 利用当前类找到它的类加载器,然后通过该类加载器再去获得资源路径
path = 类名.class.getClassLoader().getResource("fileName").getPath();</span>