Android中显示数据有多种控件,这节我们来认识下ListView,ListView是Android中最常用的数据显示控件,可以显示简单数据源,也可以显示复杂数据源,我们在Android系统中常看到的列表项,基本都是ListView的功劳。ListView中显示数据,肯定要绑定数据源。数据源的绑定是通过Adapter来完成的,Android中有两种常用的适配器,ArrayAdapter(数组适配器) SimpleAdapter(简单适配器),适配器的作用就是把复杂的数据源显示到istview界面视图上,是数据源和界面之间的桥梁。
这一节我们来认识下这两个适配器,数组适配器用来显示简单的数据,简单适配器主要用来显示复杂的数据。
1. 数组适配器ArrayAdapter
数组适配器显示的数据比较单一,我们看下面的例子
<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?> < LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width = "match_parent" android:layout_height = "match_parent" android:orientation = "vertical" > < ListView android:id = "@+id/listView1" android:layout_width = "match_parent" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" > </ ListView > </ LinearLayout >
package com.example.hellotest; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.ArrayAdapter; import android.widget.ListView; public class FirstListView extends Activity { private ListView lv; private ArrayAdapter<String> adapter; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super .onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.firstlistview); lv=(ListView)findViewById(R.id.listView1); String[] arr={"游响云停工作室1" , "游响云停工作室2" , "游响云停工作室ArrayAdapter演示" , "游响云停交流群207464864" }; adapter=new ArrayAdapter<String>( this ,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,arr); lv.setAdapter(adapter); } }
我们来分析下数组适配器的参数
adapter=new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,arr);
第一个参数为当前上下文对象
第二个参数为布局文件,我们例子中使用的系统自带的布局文件
第三个参数是数据源
2. 简单适配器SimpleAdapter
简单适配器用来显示复杂的数据,我们看下这个示例
首先创建一个LISTVIEW中每项的布局文件listitem.xml
<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?> < LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width = "match_parent" android:layout_height = "100dp" android:orientation = "vertical" android:gravity = "top" > < LinearLayout android:layout_width = "match_parent" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:orientation = "horizontal" > < LinearLayout android:layout_width = "match_parent" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:orientation = "horizontal" android:layout_weight = "7" android:gravity = "center" > < ImageView android:id = "@+id/pic" android:layout_width = "80dp" android:layout_height = "80dp" android:src = "@drawable/ic_launcher" /> </ LinearLayout > < LinearLayout android:layout_width = "match_parent" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:orientation = "vertical" android:layout_weight = "3" > < TextView android:id = "@+id/tvname" android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:layout_marginTop = "5dp" android:text = "商品名称:" /> < TextView android:id = "@+id/tvprice" android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:layout_marginTop = "5dp" android:text = "商品价格:" /> < TextView android:id = "@+id/tvcolor" android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:layout_marginTop = "5dp" android:layout_marginBottom = "5dp" android:text = "商品颜色" /> </ LinearLayout > </ LinearLayout > < LinearLayout android:layout_width = "fill_parent" android:layout_height = "2dp" android:background = "#F0F0F0" > </ LinearLayout > </ LinearLayout >
主页面布局文件
<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?> < LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width = "match_parent" android:layout_height = "match_parent" android:orientation = "vertical" > < ListView android:id = "@+id/listView2" android:layout_width = "match_parent" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" > </ ListView > </ LinearLayout >
package com.example.hellotest; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.ArrayAdapter; import android.widget.ListView; import android.widget.SimpleAdapter; public class SimpleListView extends Activity { private ListView lv; private SimpleAdapter adp; private List<Map<String,Object>> mapList; protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super .onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.simplelistview); lv=(ListView)findViewById(R.id.listView2); mapList=new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>(); for ( int i= 0 ;i< 10 ;i++) { Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<String,Object>(); map.put("pic" ,R.raw.pad); map.put("name" , "商品名称:Ipad Air" ); map.put("price" , "商品价格:$" +i); map.put("color" , "商品颜色:白色" ); mapList.add(map); } adp=new SimpleAdapter( this , mapList,R.layout.listitem, new String[]{ "pic" , "name" , "price" , "color" }, new int []{R.id.pic,R.id.tvname,R.id.tvprice,R.id.tvcolor}); lv.setAdapter(adp); } }
我们来分析下简单适配器的参数
adp=new SimpleAdapter(this, mapList,R.layout.listitem, new String[]{"pic","name","price","color"}, new int[]{R.id.pic,R.id.tvname,R.id.tvprice,R.id.tvcolor});
第一个参数是上下文对象
第二个参数是数据源,数据源的类型是集合
第三个参数是ListView中每一项的布局文件
第四个参数是数组,数组里面每一项对应数据源中MAP的键名称
第五个参数就是ListVIew中对应的子布局文件中对应的控件的ID