asp.net里导出excel表方法汇总

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1、由dataset生成

public void CreateExcel(DataSet ds,string typeid,string FileName)  
  { 
   HttpResponse resp; 
   resp = Page.Response; 
   resp.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312"); 
   resp.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + FileName);    
   string colHeaders= "", ls_item=""; 
   int i=0; 
 
   //定义表对象与行对像,同时用DataSet对其值进行初始化 
   DataTable dt=ds.Tables[0]; 
   DataRow[] myRow=dt.Select("");  
   // typeid=="1"时导出为EXCEL格式文件;typeid=="2"时导出为XML格式文件 
   if(typeid=="1") 
   { 
    //取得数据表各列标题,各标题之间以\t分割,最后一个列标题后加回车符 
    for(i=0;i     colHeaders+=dt.Columns[i].Caption.ToString()+"\t"; 
    colHeaders +=dt.Columns[i].Caption.ToString() +"\n";    
    //向HTTP输出流中写入取得的数据信息 
    resp.Write(colHeaders);  
    //逐行处理数据   
    foreach(DataRow row in myRow) 
    { 
     //在当前行中,逐列获得数据,数据之间以\t分割,结束时加回车符\n 
     for(i=0;i      ls_item +=row[i].ToString() + "\t";      
     ls_item += row[i].ToString() +"\n"; 
     //当前行数据写入HTTP输出流,并且置空ls_item以便下行数据     
     resp.Write(ls_item); 
     ls_item=""; 
    } 
   } 
   else 
   { 
    if(typeid=="2") 
    {  
     //从DataSet中直接导出XML数据并且写到HTTP输出流中 
     resp.Write(ds.GetXml()); 
    }     
   } 
   //写缓冲区中的数据到HTTP头文件中 
   resp.End(); 
 
 
  } 
2、由datagrid生成

public void ToExcel(System.Web.UI.Control ctl)   
  { 
   HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=Excel.xls"); 
   HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset ="UTF-8";     
   HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding =System.Text.Encoding.Default; 
   HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType ="application/ms-excel";//image/JPEG;text/HTML;image/GIF;vnd.ms-excel/msword 
   ctl.Page.EnableViewState =false;    
   System.IO.StringWriter  tw = new System.IO.StringWriter() ; 
   System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter (tw); 
   ctl.RenderControl(hw); 
   HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tw.ToString()); 
   HttpContext.Current.Response.End(); 
  } 
 
用法:ToExcel(datagrid1); 
 

3、这个用dataview

public void OutputExcel(DataView dv,string str) 

   // 
   // TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑 
   // 
                           //dv为要输出到Excel的数据,str为标题名称 
   GC.Collect(); 
   Application excel;// = new Application(); 
   int rowIndex=4; 
   int colIndex=1; 
 
   _Workbook xBk; 
   _Worksheet xSt; 
 
   excel= new ApplicationClass(); 
   
   xBk = excel.Workbooks.Add(true); 
    
   xSt = (_Worksheet)xBk.ActiveSheet; 
 
   // 
   //取得标题 
   // 
   foreach(DataColumn col in dv.Table.Columns) 
   { 
    colIndex++; 
    excel.Cells[4,colIndex] = col.ColumnName; 
    xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,colIndex],excel.Cells[4,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;//设置标题格式为居中对齐 
   } 
 
   // 
   //取得表格中的数据 
   // 
   foreach(DataRowView row in dv) 
   { 
    rowIndex ++; 
    colIndex = 1; 
    foreach(DataColumn col in dv.Table.Columns) 
    { 
     colIndex ++; 
     if(col.DataType == System.Type.GetType("System.DateTime")) 
     { 
      excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = (Convert.ToDateTime(row[col.ColumnName].ToString())).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd"); 
      xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex],excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;//设置日期型的字段格式为居中对齐 
     } 
     else 
      if(col.DataType == System.Type.GetType("System.String")) 
     { 
      excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = "'"+row[col.ColumnName].ToString(); 
      xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex],excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;//设置字符型的字段格式为居中对齐 
     } 
     else 
     { 
      excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = row[col.ColumnName].ToString(); 
     } 
    } 
   } 
   // 
   //加载一个合计行 
   // 
   int rowSum = rowIndex + 1; 
   int colSum = 2; 
   excel.Cells[rowSum,2] = "合计"; 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,2]).HorizontalAlignment = XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter; 
   // 
   //设置选中的部分的颜色 
   // 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,colSum],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Select(); 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,colSum],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Interior.ColorIndex = 19;//设置为浅黄色,共计有56种 
   // 
   //取得整个报表的标题 
   // 
   excel.Cells[2,2] = str; 
   // 
   //设置整个报表的标题格式 
   // 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,2]).Font.Bold = true; 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,2]).Font.Size = 22; 
   // 
   //设置报表表格为最适应宽度 
   // 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Select(); 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Columns.AutoFit(); 
   // 
   //设置整个报表的标题为跨列居中 
   // 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,colIndex]).Select(); 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenterAcrossSelection; 
   // 
   //绘制边框 
   // 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders.LineStyle = 1; 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,2]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//设置左边线加粗 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[4,colIndex]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//设置上边线加粗 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,colIndex],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//设置右边线加粗 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//设置下边线加粗 
   // 
   //显示效果 
   // 
   excel.Visible=true; 
 
   //xSt.Export(Server.MapPath(".")+"\\"+this.xlfile.Text+".xls",SheetExportActionEnum.ssExportActionNone,Microsoft.Office.Interop.OWC.SheetExportFormat.ssExportHTML);
   xBk.SaveCopyAs(Server.MapPath(".")+"\\"+this.xlfile.Text+".xls"); 
 
   ds = null; 
            xBk.Close(false, null,null); 
    
            excel.Quit(); 
            System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xBk); 
            System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(excel); 
    System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xSt); 
            xBk = null; 
            excel = null; 
   xSt = null; 
            GC.Collect(); 
   string path = Server.MapPath(this.xlfile.Text+".xls"); 
 
   System.IO.FileInfo file = new System.IO.FileInfo(path); 
   Response.Clear(); 
   Response.Charset="GB2312"; 
   Response.ContentEncoding=System.Text.Encoding.UTF8; 
   // 添加头信息,为"文件下载/另存为"对话框指定默认文件名 
   Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + Server.UrlEncode(file.Name)); 
   // 添加头信息,指定文件大小,让浏览器能够显示下载进度 
   Response.AddHeader("Content-Length", file.Length.ToString()); 
    
   // 指定返回的是一个不能被客户端读取的流,必须被下载 
   Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel"; 
    
   // 把文件流发送到客户端 
   Response.WriteFile(file.FullName); 
   // 停止页面的执行 
   
   Response.End(); 

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

据我现在所知excel有四种方法:
1.自己写的excel接口,客户端不需要装excel,见灵感之源的blog:
http://www.cnblogs.com/unruledboy/archive/2004/07/07/22093.aspx

2.把web上的DataGrid直接导入到excel
public void ExportToExcel(System.Web.UI.Control ctl) 
        { 
            bool CurrCtlVisible=ctl.Visible;
            ctl.Visible=true;        Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=Excel.xls");  
            Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");
            Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel"; 
            ctl.Page.EnableViewState = false; 
            System.IO.StringWriter tw = new System.IO.StringWriter(); 
            System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw = new HtmlTextWriter(tw); 
            ctl.RenderControl(hw); 
            Response.Write(tw.ToString()); 
            Response.End(); 
            
            ctl.Page.EnableViewState = true; 
            ctl.Visible=CurrCtlVisible;
        }
3.在引用里调用Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.dll,原理是把数据存到DataTable、DataView或DataGrid中,然后再把数据一格一格的赋到excel的cell里去。
见如下代码:

public class ExportToExcel
    {

        私有成员#region 私有成员
        // 数据的DataView
        private DataView dv=null;

        // 表格标题
        private string title=null;

        // 输出文件路径
        private string outFilePath=null;

 
        // 输入文件名
        private string inputFilePath=System.Windows.Forms.Application.StartupPath+@" emplate.xls";

        #endregion

        公共属性#region 公共属性
        /** <summary>
        /// 数据的DataView
        /// </summary>
        public DataView DV
        {
            set
            {
                dv=value;
            }
        }

        /** <summary>
        /// 表格标题
        /// </summary>
        public string Title
        {
            set
            {
                title=value;
            }
            get
            {
                return title;
            }
        }

        /** <summary>
        /// 输出文件路径
        /// </summary>
        public string OutFilePath
        {
            set
            {
                outFilePath=value;
            }
            get
            {
                return outFilePath;
            }
        }

        /** <summary>
        /// 输入文件路径
        /// </summary>
        private string InputFilePath
        {
            set
            {
                inputFilePath=value;
            }
            get
            {
                return inputFilePath;
            }
        }

        #endregion      

        构造函数#region 构造函数

        public ExportToExcel()
        {
        }

//        public OutputExcel(DataView dv,string title)
//        {
//
//        }

        #endregion

        公共方法#region 公共方法
        /**///
        public void CreateExcel()
        {
            int rowIndex=4;//行起始坐标
            int colIndex=1;//列起始坐标

            ApplicationClass myApp=null;
            Workbook myBook=null;
            Worksheet mySheet=null;

            //如果文件不存在,则将模板文件拷贝一份作为输出文件
            if(!File.Exists(outFilePath))
            {
                File.Copy(inputFilePath,outFilePath,true);
            }

            myApp= new ApplicationClass();
            myApp.Visible=false;
            object oMissiong=System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
            myApp.Workbooks.Open(outFilePath,oMissiong,oMissiong,oMissiong,oMissiong,
                oMissiong,oMissiong,oMissiong,oMissiong,oMissiong,oMissiong,oMissiong,
                oMissiong,oMissiong,oMissiong);
            myBook=myApp.Workbooks[1];
            mySheet=(Worksheet)myBook.ActiveSheet;

            //取得标题
            foreach(DataColumn col in dv.Table.Columns)
            {
                colIndex++;
                mySheet.Cells[4,colIndex] = col.ColumnName;
                mySheet.get_Range(mySheet.Cells[4,colIndex],mySheet.Cells[4,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;//设置标题格式为居中对齐
            }

            //取得表格中的数据
            foreach(DataRowView row in dv)
            {
                rowIndex ++;
                colIndex = 1;
                foreach(DataColumn col in dv.Table.Columns)
                {
                    colIndex ++;
                    if(col.DataType == System.Type.GetType("System.DateTime"))
                    {
                        mySheet.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = (Convert.ToDateTime(row[col.ColumnName].ToString())).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd");
                        mySheet.get_Range(mySheet.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex],mySheet.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;//设置日期型的字段格式为居中对齐
                    }
                    else  if(col.DataType == System.Type.GetType("System.String"))
                    {
                        mySheet.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = "'"+row[col.ColumnName].ToString();
                        mySheet.get_Range(mySheet.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex],mySheet.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;//设置字符型的字段格式为居中对齐
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        mySheet.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = row[col.ColumnName].ToString();
                    }
                }
            }

            //加载一个合计行
            int rowSum = rowIndex + 1;
            int colSum = 2;
            mySheet.Cells[rowSum,2] = "合计";
            mySheet.get_Range(mySheet.Cells[rowSum,2],mySheet.Cells[rowSum,2]).HorizontalAlignment = XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;

            //设置选中的部分的颜色
            mySheet.get_Range(mySheet.Cells[rowSum,colSum],mySheet.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Select();
            mySheet.get_Range(mySheet.Cells[rowSum,colSum],mySheet.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Interior.ColorIndex = 19;//设置为浅黄色,共计有56种

            //取得整个报表的标题
            mySheet.Cells[2,2] = title;

            //设置整个报表的标题格式
            mySheet.get_Range(mySheet.Cells[2,2],mySheet.Cells[2,2]).Font.Bold = true;
            mySheet.get_Range(mySheet.Cells[2,2],mySheet.Cells[2,2]).Font.Size = 22;

            //设置报表表格为最适应宽度
            mySheet.get_Range(mySheet.Cells[4,2],mySheet.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Select();
            mySheet.get_Range(mySheet.Cells[4,2],mySheet.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Columns.AutoFit();

            //设置整个报表的标题为跨列居中
            mySheet.get_Range(mySheet.Cells[2,2],mySheet.Cells[2,colIndex]).Select();
            mySheet.get_Range(mySheet.Cells[2,2],mySheet.Cells[2,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenterAcrossSelection;

            //绘制边框
            mySheet.get_Range(mySheet.Cells[4,2],mySheet.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders.LineStyle = 1;
            mySheet.get_Range(mySheet.Cells[4,2],mySheet.Cells[rowSum,2]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//设置左边线加粗
            mySheet.get_Range(mySheet.Cells[4,2],mySheet.Cells[4,colIndex]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//设置上边线加粗
            mySheet.get_Range(mySheet.Cells[4,colIndex],mySheet.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//设置右边线加粗
            mySheet.get_Range(mySheet.Cells[rowSum,2],mySheet.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//设置下边线加粗
            myBook.Save();
            myBook.Close( true,outFilePath,true);

            System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(mySheet);
            System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(myBook);
            System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(myApp);

            myApp.Quit();
            GC.Collect();
        }
        #endregion

        
    }
4.另外,这就是另外一种方法了,建一个SqlServer的数据源,利用Excel的外部数据源让Excel自己从数据库取数据:

public void ExportToExcel(string pstrSql)
        {
            Excel.Application pApplication;
            Excel._Workbook xBk;
            Excel._Worksheet xSt;
            Excel._QueryTable xQt;
            string ExcelConn = "ODBC;DRIVER=SQL Server;SERVER=localhost;UID=sa;PWD=;APP=Microsoft(R) Windows (R) 2000 Operating System;WSID=me;DATABASE=pubs";
            pApplication = new Excel.ApplicationClass();
            xBk = pApplication.Workbooks.Add(true);
            xSt = (Excel._Worksheet)xBk.ActiveSheet;
            pApplication.Cells[2,2] = this.title;

            xSt.get_Range(pApplication.Cells[2,2],pApplication.Cells[2,2]).Font.Bold = true;
            xSt.get_Range(pApplication.Cells[2,2],pApplication.Cells[2,2]).Font.Name = "黑体";
            xSt.get_Range(pApplication.Cells[2,2],pApplication.Cells[2,2]).Font.Size = 22;
            xQt = xSt.QueryTables.Add(ExcelConn,xSt.get_Range(pApplication.Cells[4,2],pApplication.Cells[4,2]),pstrSql);
            xQt.Name = "导出EXCEL";
            xQt.FieldNames = true;
            xQt.RowNumbers = false;
            xQt.FillAdjacentFormulas = false;
            xQt.PreserveFormatting = false;
            xQt.BackgroundQuery = true;
            xQt.RefreshStyle = Excel.XlCellInsertionMode.xlInsertDeleteCells;
            xQt.AdjustColumnWidth = true;
            xQt.RefreshPeriod = 0;
            xQt.PreserveColumnInfo = true;
            xQt.Refresh(xQt.BackgroundQuery);
            pApplication.Visible = true;
        }
这里的pstrSql指的是sql语句。


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