MySQL使用UDF调用shell脚本

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最新推荐文章于 2025-04-12 22:56:02 发布

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本文介绍如何在CentOS 7.0上安装MySQL 5.7的UDF（用户自定义函数），并详细说明了如何利用这些自定义函数进行数据备份与恢复操作。通过创建存储过程和事件，实现数据的定期迁移。

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前言

在最近的项目中，由于需要使用MySQL的UDF（user defined function），这个特性从未使用过，而且个人觉得这个特性以后应该会经常使用，所以写下博文，记录和分享这个特性的用法。

UDF是mysql的一个拓展接口，UDF（Userdefined function）可翻译为用户自定义函数，这个是用来拓展Mysql的技术手段。

1. 下载

https://github.com/mysqludf/lib_mysqludf_sys

2. 安装

#安装mysql的两个依赖包
[root@dtadmin apollo ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@dtadmin apollo ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
#安装gcc gcc-c++编译器
[root@dtadmin apollo ~]# yum install gcc gcc-c++

3. 解压

[root@dtadmin apollo ~]# unzip lib_mysqludf_sys-master.zip

5. 执行命令

#进入目录
[root@dtadmin apollo ~]# cd lib_mysqludf_sys-master
# 在目录lib_mysqludf_sys-master执行：
[root@dtadmin lib_mysqludf_sys-master ~]# gcc -DMYSQL_DYNAMIC_PLUGIN -fPIC -Wall -I/usr/include/mysql -I. -shared lib_mysqludf_sys.c -o lib_mysqludf_sys.so

4. 把编译后的 lib_mysqludf_sys.so 拷到 /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/

[root@dtadmin lib_mysqludf_sys-master ~]# cp lib_mysqludf_sys.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/

6. 在mysql中执行

[root@dtadmin lib_mysqludf_sys-master ~]# mysql -u root -p --default-character-set=utf8

执行以下脚本：

Drop FUNCTION IF EXISTS lib_mysqludf_sys_info;
Drop FUNCTION IF EXISTS sys_get;
Drop FUNCTION IF EXISTS sys_set;
Drop FUNCTION IF EXISTS sys_exec;
Drop FUNCTION IF EXISTS sys_eval;

Create FUNCTION lib_mysqludf_sys_info RETURNS string SONAME 'lib_mysqludf_sys.so';
Create FUNCTION sys_get RETURNS string SONAME 'lib_mysqludf_sys.so';
Create FUNCTION sys_set RETURNS int SONAME 'lib_mysqludf_sys.so';
Create FUNCTION sys_exec RETURNS int SONAME 'lib_mysqludf_sys.so';
Create FUNCTION sys_eval RETURNS string SONAME 'lib_mysqludf_sys.so';

7.在/var/lib/mysql-files目录下新建脚本

[root@dtadmin lib_mysqludf_sys-master ~]# cd /var/lib/mysql-files
[root@dtadmin mysql-files ~]# load_data_infile.sh

脚本内容如下：

#!/bin/bash
HOSTNAME="192.168.56.101" #mysql hostname
PORT="3306" #mysql port
USERNAME="root" # the username for DBNAME
PASSWORD="Love88me=-.," # the password for USERNAME and DBNAME

DBNAME="subs" #DBNAME


cmd_load_data_infile="LOAD DATA INFILE '$1' REPLACE INTO TABLE $2 FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t\t\t';"
mysql -h${HOSTNAME} -P${PORT} -u${USERNAME} -p${PASSWORD} -D${DBNAME}  -e "${cmd_load_data_infile}"

8.改变文件的执行权限

[root@dtadmin mysql-files ~]# chmod u+x load_data_infile.sh

9.示例，定时备份数据表数据到另一张表

9.1.创建存储过程

use DBNAME;

drop table if exists sbux_nc_request_hist;       
drop table if exists sbux_nc_edm_message_hist;   
drop table if exists sbux_nc_mail_message_hist;  
drop table if exists sbux_nc_push_message_hist;  
drop table if exists sbux_nc_sms_message_hist;   
drop table if exists sbux_nc_wechat_message_hist;
drop table if exists sbux_nc_sys_log_hist;       
drop table if exists sbux_nc_sms_log_hist;       
drop table if exists sbux_nc_push_log_hist;           
drop table if exists sbux_nc_wechat_log_hist;    
drop table if exists sbux_nc_edm_log_hist;       
drop table if exists sbux_nc_mail_log_hist;      


create table sbux_nc_request_hist        like sbux_nc_request;
create table sbux_nc_edm_message_hist    like sbux_nc_edm_message;
create table sbux_nc_mail_message_hist   like sbux_nc_mail_message;
create table sbux_nc_push_message_hist   like sbux_nc_push_message;
create table sbux_nc_sms_message_hist    like sbux_nc_sms_message;
create table sbux_nc_wechat_message_hist like sbux_nc_wechat_message;
create table sbux_nc_sys_log_hist        like sbux_nc_sys_log;
create table sbux_nc_edm_log_hist        like sbux_nc_edm_log;
create table sbux_nc_mail_log_hist       like sbux_nc_mail_log;
create table sbux_nc_push_log_hist       like sbux_nc_push_log;
create table sbux_nc_sms_log_hist        like sbux_nc_sms_log;
create table sbux_nc_wechat_log_hist     like sbux_nc_wechat_log;


drop procedure if exists sbux_nc_data_migrate_p;

delimiter // ;

CREATE PROCEDURE sbux_nc_data_migrate_p()
BEGIN
    DECLARE v_same_date_last_period date;   # 上月同一天
    DECLARE v_max_hist_date date;           # 历史表中的最大时间
    DECLARE v_current_date date;            # 当前日期
    DECLARE v_table_name varchar(50);       # 变量，用来存储游标遍历中的要备份表的表名
    DECLARE v_engine varchar(50);           # 表的存储引擎
    DECLARE v_create_options varchar(50);   # 创建表的选项(是否是分区表)
    DECLARE FLAG int default 0;             # 游标的标记
    DECLARE v_auto_increment int default 0;     # 设置下个自增长列

    DECLARE v_file_path varchar(200) default '/var/lib/mysql-files/';               # MySQL中的存储datafile的路径
    DECLARE v_separator varchar(200) default " fields terminated  by '\\t\\t\\t'";  # 导出文件的分隔符

    DECLARE v_file varchar(500);            # 导出文件的全名(路径+文件名)
    DECLARE v_result int default 0;         # 执行文件的结果标记
    DECLARE v_flag int DEFAULT 0;           # 执行shell脚本的标记





    # 声明游标：查询出要做数据备份的表的列表
    DECLARE cur_table_list CURSOR FOR
    SELECT table_name, engine, create_options
    FROM information_schema.TABLES
    WHERE table_schema='DBMAME'
    AND table_name in
    (
    'sbux_nc_request' ,
    'sbux_nc_edm_message',
    'sbux_nc_mail_message',
    'sbux_nc_push_message',
    'sbux_nc_sms_message',
    'sbux_nc_wechat_message',
    'sbux_nc_sys_log',
    'sbux_nc_edm_log',
    'sbux_nc_mail_log',
    'sbux_nc_push_log',
    'sbux_nc_sms_log',
    'sbux_nc_wechat_log'
    );

    DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET flag=1;      #设置游标退出标记

    SELECT date_sub(current_date(),interval 1 month) INTO v_same_date_last_period; # 查询上月同一天的日期
    SELECT current_date() INTO v_current_date;                                     # 查询当前日期

    # 清空目录下面的文件
    select sys_exec('rm -rf /var/lib/mysql-files/sbux_nc_*') into v_result;

    # 遍历游标
    OPEN cur_table_list;
    FETCH cur_table_list INTO v_table_name,v_engine,v_create_options;
    WHILE(flag<>1) DO

        # 存储原表中所有数据到文件
        SET @stmt = CONCAT('select * into outfile ',"'",v_file_path, v_table_name,'_hist.dat', "'",' ', v_separator, ' from ',v_table_name,';');
        PREPARE stmt FROM @stmt;
        EXECUTE stmt;
        DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;

        # 设置要备份表的时间段
        SET @condition = 
                    case v_table_name
                    when 'sbux_nc_request'          then concat('where request_time between ',"'",v_same_date_last_period,"'", ' and ',"'", v_current_date,"'")
                    when 'sbux_nc_edm_message'      then concat('where send_time between ',"'",v_same_date_last_period,"'", ' and ',"'", v_current_date,"'")
                    when 'sbux_nc_mail_message'     then concat('where send_time between ',"'",v_same_date_last_period, "'",' and ',"'", v_current_date,"'")
                    when 'sbux_nc_push_message'     then concat('where send_time between ',"'",v_same_date_last_period, "'",' and ',"'", v_current_date,"'")
                    when 'sbux_nc_sms_message'      then concat('where send_time between ',"'",v_same_date_last_period, "'",' and ',"'", v_current_date,"'")
                    when 'sbux_nc_wechat_message'   then concat('where send_time between ',"'",v_same_date_last_period, "'",' and ',"'", v_current_date,"'")
                    when 'sbux_nc_sys_log'          then concat('where log_time between ',"'",v_same_date_last_period,"'", ' and ',"'", v_current_date,"'")
                    when 'sbux_nc_edm_log'          then concat('where log_time between ',UNIX_TIMESTAMP(v_same_date_last_period), ' and ', UNIX_TIMESTAMP(v_current_date))
                    when 'sbux_nc_mail_log'         then concat('where log_time between ',UNIX_TIMESTAMP(v_same_date_last_period), ' and ', UNIX_TIMESTAMP(v_current_date))
                    when 'sbux_nc_push_log'         then concat('where log_time between ',UNIX_TIMESTAMP(v_same_date_last_period), ' and ', UNIX_TIMESTAMP(v_current_date))
                    when 'sbux_nc_sms_log'          then concat('where log_time between ',UNIX_TIMESTAMP(v_same_date_last_period), ' and ', UNIX_TIMESTAMP(v_current_date))
                    when 'sbux_nc_wechat_log'       then concat('where log_time between ',UNIX_TIMESTAMP(v_same_date_last_period), ' and ', UNIX_TIMESTAMP(v_current_date))
                    else NULL
                end;

        # 保存最近一个月的数据到文件
        SET @stmt = CONCAT('select * into outfile ',"'", v_file_path, v_table_name,'.dat ', "'", ' ', v_separator, ' from ',v_table_name, ' ', @condition,';');
        PREPARE stmt FROM @stmt;
        EXECUTE stmt;
        DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;

        #获取表的最大增增长列并
        select auto_increment into  v_auto_increment
            from information_schema.TABLES 
            where table_schema='starbucks' 
            and table_name=v_table_name;

        # 删除原来数据
        SET @stmt = CONCAT('truncate table ',v_table_name,';');
        PREPARE stmt FROM @stmt;
        EXECUTE stmt;
        DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;

        #设置下一个增量值
        SET @stmt = CONCAT('alter table ',v_table_name,' auto_increment=',v_auto_increment,';');
        PREPARE stmt FROM @stmt;
        EXECUTE stmt;
        DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;

        # 加载数据到历史数据表中
        # SET @stmt = CONCAT('LOAD DATA INFILE ',"'", v_file_path, v_table_name,'_hist.dat', "'", ' INTO TABLE ', v_table_name,'_hist',' ', v_separator);
        # PREPARE stmt FROM @stmt;
        # EXECUTE stmt;
        # DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;    

        # 设置之前导出的表的数据文件（路径+文件名）
        SET v_file = concat(v_file_path,v_table_name,'_hist.dat');   
        # 执行mysql UFF函数调用shell脚本把数据导入到历史表中
        set @v_load_str = concat('sh /var/lib/mysql-files/load_data_infile.sh',' ',v_file,' ',CONCAT(v_table_name,'_hist'));
        select sys_exec(@v_load_str) into v_flag;

        # 把最近一个月的数据保存到原表中
        # SET @stmt = CONCAT('LOAD DATA INFILE ',"'", v_file_path, v_table_name,'.dat ',"'",' INTO TABLE ',v_table_name,' ', v_separator);
        # PREPARE stmt FROM @stmt;
        # EXECUTE stmt;
        # DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;

        # 设置之前导出的表的近一个月数据文件（路径+文件名）
        SET v_file = concat(v_file_path,v_table_name,'.dat'); 
        # 执行mysql UFF函数调用shell脚本把数据导入到原表中
        set @v_load_str = concat('sh /var/lib/mysql-files/load_data_infile.sh',' ',v_file,' ',v_table_name);
        select sys_exec(@v_load_str) into v_flag;




        # 收集（分析）表的数据
        SET @stmt = CONCAT('analyze table ',v_table_name,';');
        PREPARE stmt FROM @stmt;
        EXECUTE stmt;
        DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt; 

    FETCH cur_table_list INTO v_table_name,v_engine,v_create_options;

    END WHILE;
    CLOSE cur_table_list;
END;
//
delimiter ; //

9.2.新建event,用来定时执行

/*======================================================================================== */
 -- Name:  sbux_nc_auto_migrate_evt
 -- Purpose: 定时任务，自动备份表数据
 -- Interval: Monthly
 -- AT: 每个月1号凌晨2点
 -- Invoker: sbux_nc_data_migrate_p
/*======================================================================================== */
set GLOBAL event_scheduler=1; # MySQL启动event scheduler
drop event if exists sbux_nc_auto_migrate_evt; # 在创建event scheduler前删除已存在的同名的event scheduler.
delimiter // ;
create event sbux_nc_auto_migrate_evt
ON  SCHEDULE  EVERY  1  DAY STARTS date_add(date(curdate() + 1),interval 2 hour) #MONTH  STARTS DATE_ADD(DATE_ADD(DATE_SUB(CURDATE(),INTERVAL DAY(CURDATE())-1 DAY), INTERVAL 1 MONTH),INTERVAL 2 HOUR) -- 每个月的一号凌晨2点
ON completion preserve
ENABLE
DO
 call sbux_nc_data_migrate_p();
//
delimiter ; //