- <result-types>
- <result-type name="chain" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionChainResult"/>
- <result-type name="dispatcher" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ServletDispatcherResult" default="true"/>
- <result-type name="freemarker" class="org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerResult"/>
- <result-type name="httpheader" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.HttpHeaderResult"/>
- <result-type name="redirect" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ServletRedirectResult"/>
- <result-type name="redirectAction" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ServletActionRedirectResult"/>
- <result-type name="stream" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.StreamResult"/>
- <result-type name="velocity" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.VelocityResult"/>
- <result-type name="xslt" class="org.apache.struts2.views.xslt.XSLTResult"/>
- <result-type name="plainText" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.PlainTextResult" />
- </result-types>
1.chain
该类型是请求转发给其他的action,如果为jsp则会报错
需要注意的就是与redirect的区别,请求转发是还在当前请求,
而redirect会响应一次浏览器然后浏览器再根据响应请求重定向的资源,注意看url的变化就明白了!
下面是apache给的示例,这个比较简单,没什么说的,
<span class="code-tag"></span><div class="dp-highlighter bg_html"><div class="bar"><div class="tools"><strong>[html]</strong> <a target=_blank class="ViewSource" title="view plain" href="http://blog.csdn.net/zhouyuqwert/article/details/6765926#">view plain</a><a target=_blank class="CopyToClipboard" title="copy" href="http://blog.csdn.net/zhouyuqwert/article/details/6765926#">copy</a></div></div><ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt"><span><span class="tag"><</span><span class="tag-name">package</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">name</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"public"</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">extends</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"struts-default"</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></span></li><li><span> </span><span class="comments"><!-- Chain creatAccount to login, using the default parameter --></span><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span> </span><span class="tag"><</span><span class="tag-name">action</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">name</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"createAccount"</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">class</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"..."</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li><li><span> </span><span class="tag"><</span><span class="tag-name">result</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">type</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"chain"</span><span class="tag">></span><span>login</span><span class="tag"></</span><span class="tag-name">result</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span> </span><span class="tag"></</span><span class="tag-name">action</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li><li><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span> </span><span class="tag"><</span><span class="tag-name">action</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">name</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"login"</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">class</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"..."</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li><li><span> </span><span class="comments"><!-- Chain to another namespace --></span><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span> </span><span class="tag"><</span><span class="tag-name">result</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">type</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"chain"</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li><li><span> </span><span class="tag"><</span><span class="tag-name">param</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">name</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"actionName"</span><span class="tag">></span><span>dashboard</span><span class="tag"></</span><span class="tag-name">param</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span> </span><span class="tag"><</span><span class="tag-name">param</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">name</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"namespace"</span><span class="tag">></span><span>/secure</span><span class="tag"></</span><span class="tag-name">param</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li><li><span> </span><span class="tag"></</span><span class="tag-name">result</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span> </span><span class="tag"></</span><span class="tag-name">action</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li><li><span></span><span class="tag"></</span><span class="tag-name">package</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span> </span></li><li><span></span><span class="tag"><</span><span class="tag-name">package</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">name</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"secure"</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">extends</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"struts-default"</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">namespace</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"/secure"</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span> </span><span class="tag"><</span><span class="tag-name">action</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">name</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"dashboard"</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">class</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"..."</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li><li><span> </span><span class="tag"><</span><span class="tag-name">result</span><span class="tag">></span><span>dashboard.jsp</span><span class="tag"></</span><span class="tag-name">result</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span> </span><span class="tag"></</span><span class="tag-name">action</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li><li><span></span><span class="tag"></</span><span class="tag-name">package</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li></ol></div> <strong><span style="font-size:16px;">2.dispatcher</span></strong> 请求转发视图资源,比如jsp,html,如果请求action会找不到资源, 请求转发的问题看1中的说明 apache给的示例。。也没啥说的 <div class="dp-highlighter bg_html"><div class="bar"><div class="tools"><strong>[html]</strong> <a target=_blank class="ViewSource" title="view plain" href="http://blog.csdn.net/zhouyuqwert/article/details/6765926#">view plain</a><a target=_blank class="CopyToClipboard" title="copy" href="http://blog.csdn.net/zhouyuqwert/article/details/6765926#">copy</a></div></div><ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt"><span><span class="tag"><</span><span class="tag-name">result</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">name</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"success"</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">type</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"dispatcher"</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></span></li><li><span> </span><span class="tag"><</span><span class="tag-name">param</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">name</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"location"</span><span class="tag">></span><span>foo.jsp</span><span class="tag"></</span><span class="tag-name">param</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span></span><span class="tag"></</span><span class="tag-name">result</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li></ol></div> <strong><span style="font-size:16px;">3.httpheader</span></strong> 这个挺有意思的,可以随便更改响应状态 比如下面的这个示例 <div class="dp-highlighter bg_html"><div class="bar"><div class="tools"><strong>[html]</strong> <a target=_blank class="ViewSource" title="view plain" href="http://blog.csdn.net/zhouyuqwert/article/details/6765926#">view plain</a><a target=_blank class="CopyToClipboard" title="copy" href="http://blog.csdn.net/zhouyuqwert/article/details/6765926#">copy</a></div></div><ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt"><span><span class="tag"><</span><span class="tag-name">action</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">name</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"test"</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">class</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"com.iss.action.TestAction"</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></span></li><li><span> </span><span class="tag"><</span><span class="tag-name">result</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">name</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"success"</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">type</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"httpheader"</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span> </span><span class="tag"><</span><span class="tag-name">param</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">name</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"status"</span><span class="tag">></span><span>400</span><span class="tag"></</span><span class="tag-name">param</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li><li><span> </span><span class="tag"></</span><span class="tag-name">result</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span> </span><span class="tag"></</span><span class="tag-name">action</span><span class="tag">></span><span> </span></li></ol></div> 当action返回SUCCESS的时候,会将响应状态修改为400,客户端错误的请求, 还有其他的状态可以自行尝试,比如为100时,浏览器会在请求一段时间之后继续当前页面,500则为服务器内部错误等等 具体为什么会产生这样的结果,当然得把源码翻出来了 下面是HttpHeaderResult的一些成员变量,private的可以作为param的name属性 <div class="dp-highlighter bg_java"><div class="bar"><div class="tools"><strong>[java]</strong> <a target=_blank class="ViewSource" title="view plain" href="http://blog.csdn.net/zhouyuqwert/article/details/6765926#">view plain</a><a target=_blank class="CopyToClipboard" title="copy" href="http://blog.csdn.net/zhouyuqwert/article/details/6765926#">copy</a></div></div><ol class="dp-j"><li class="alt"><span><span class="keyword">private</span><span> </span><span class="keyword">static</span><span> </span><span class="keyword">final</span><span> </span><span class="keyword">long</span><span> serialVersionUID = 195648957144219214L; </span></span></li><li><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span></span><span class="comment">/** The default parameter */</span><span> </span></li><li><span></span><span class="keyword">public</span><span> </span><span class="keyword">static</span><span> </span><span class="keyword">final</span><span> String DEFAULT_PARAM = </span><span class="string">"status"</span><span>; </span></li><li class="alt"><span> </span></li><li><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span></span><span class="keyword">private</span><span> </span><span class="keyword">boolean</span><span> parse = </span><span class="keyword">true</span><span>; </span></li><li><span></span><span class="keyword">private</span><span> Map<String,String> headers; </span></li><li class="alt"><span></span><span class="keyword">private</span><span> </span><span class="keyword">int</span><span> status = -</span><span class="number">1</span><span>; </span></li><li><span></span><span class="keyword">private</span><span> </span><span class="keyword">int</span><span> error = -</span><span class="number">1</span><span>; </span></li><li class="alt"><span></span><span class="keyword">private</span><span> String errorMessage; </span></li></ol></div> 下面是具体执行操作过程,可以看到response.setStatus等操作 <div class="dp-highlighter bg_java"><div class="bar"><div class="tools"><strong>[java]</strong> <a target=_blank class="ViewSource" title="view plain" href="http://blog.csdn.net/zhouyuqwert/article/details/6765926#">view plain</a><a target=_blank class="CopyToClipboard" title="copy" href="http://blog.csdn.net/zhouyuqwert/article/details/6765926#">copy</a></div></div><ol class="dp-j"><li class="alt"><span><span class="keyword">public</span><span> </span><span class="keyword">void</span><span> execute(ActionInvocation invocation) </span><span class="keyword">throws</span><span> Exception { </span></span></li><li><span> HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse(); </span></li><li class="alt"><span> ValueStack stack = ActionContext.getContext().getValueStack(); </span></li><li><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span> </span><span class="keyword">if</span><span> (status != -</span><span class="number">1</span><span>) { </span></li><li><span> response.setStatus(status); </span></li><li class="alt"><span> } </span><span class="keyword">else</span><span> </span><span class="keyword">if</span><span> (error != -</span><span class="number">1</span><span>) { </span></li><li><span> </span><span class="keyword">if</span><span> (errorMessage != </span><span class="keyword">null</span><span>) { </span></li><li class="alt"><span> String finalMessage = parse ? TextParseUtil.translateVariables( </span></li><li><span> errorMessage, stack) : errorMessage; </span></li><li class="alt"><span> response.sendError(error, finalMessage); </span></li><li><span> } </span><span class="keyword">else</span><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span> response.sendError(error); </span></li><li><span> } </span></li><li class="alt"><span> </span></li><li><span> </span><span class="keyword">if</span><span> (headers != </span><span class="keyword">null</span><span>) { </span></li><li class="alt"><span> </span><span class="keyword">for</span><span> (Iterator iterator = headers.entrySet().iterator(); </span></li><li><span> iterator.hasNext();) { </span></li><li class="alt"><span> Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry) iterator.next(); </span></li><li><span> String value = (String) entry.getValue(); </span></li><li class="alt"><span> String finalValue = parse ? TextParseUtil.translateVariables(value, stack) : value; </span></li><li><span> response.addHeader((String) entry.getKey(), finalValue); </span></li><li class="alt"><span> } </span></li><li><span> } </span></li><li class="alt"><span> } </span></li></ol></div> <strong><span style="font-size:16px;">4.redirect </span></strong>
重定向操作,与请求转发的区别看1的介绍
让客户端请求另外的网络资源,可以为action,也可以为视图资源
下面是apache的示例
- <result name="success" type="redirect">
- <param name="location">foo.jsp</param>
- <param name="parse">false</param>
- </result>
重定向至Action,与redirect的区别找了好久,但是也没发现比较权威的说明
最明显的区别当然是redirectAction只能请求action,如果请求视图资源会报错
然后还有个小区别就是redirectAction会为url添加.action后缀而redirect不会
有说redirectAction无法通过url传参,但是我测试时完全可以通过request获取到,
此处区别如果有哪位知道的麻烦告知,Thank you!
下面是apache的传参的示例
- <package name="passingRequestParameters" extends="struts-default" namespace="/passingRequestParameters">
- <-- Pass parameters (reportType, width and height) -->
- <!--
- The redirect-action url generated will be :
- /genReport/generateReport.action?reportType=pie&width=100&height=100
- -->
- <action name="gatherReportInfo" class="...">
- <result name="showReportResult" type="redirect-action">
- <param name="actionName">generateReport</param>
- <param name="namespace">/genReport</param>
- <param name="reportType">pie</param>
- <param name="width">100</param>
- <param name="height">100</param>
- </result>
- </action>
- </package>
6.stream
这个返回类型主要用作下载文件或者在浏览器上显示PDF等文档
此处给一个显示PDF文档示例
项目web.xml中
- <mime-mapping>
- <extension>pdf</extension>
- <mime-type>application/pdf</mime-type>
- </mime-mapping>
struts.xml中
- <action name="test" class="com.iss.action.TestAction">
- <result name="success" type="stream">
- <param name="contentType">application/pdf</param>
- <param name="inputName">inputStream</param>
- <param name="contentDisposition">filename="a.pdf"</param>
- </result>
- </action>
TestAction.java中
- public class TestAction extends ActionSupport
- {
- private InputStream inputStream;
- public InputStream getInputStream()
- {
- return inputStream;
- }
- @Override
- public String execute() throws Exception
- {
- inputStream = new FileInputStream("xxxxx/a.pdf");//要下载或显示的文件路径
- return SUCCESS;
- }
- }
7.plainText
响应以plain形式返回给客户端
截取源码的最重要的一部分
- if (charset != null) {
- response.setContentType("text/plain; charset="+charSet);
- }
- else {
- response.setContentType("text/plain");
- }
8.freemarker,velocity,xslt