springboot与spring framework之间的关系?
spring framework已经升级到5.0了,springboot只是spring framework 5一个封装升级而已。就要体现在:
1、jar包自动依赖。
以前开发spring 项目,需要开发人员自己引入各类jar包,如果包之间引用重复,不兼容,就会报一些莫名其妙的错误。这一点在spring boot项目得到了很好的解决。
当我们在pom.xml文件引入spring-boot-starter-web包时,
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
eclipse或者idea自动把web应用相关的包都帮我们导入了。
如上图,我这里一共导入了6个相关的jar包。打开spring-boot-starter-web-2.13.RELEASE.jar,发现里面就一个MANIFEST.MF说明文件,其他什么都没有。
那么引用的6个jar是如何出来的呢?这里我纠结了很久。一时思路中断,只看到一个jar包,忘记了这个jar包项目是一个maven工程,maven工程就有pom.xml文件,只是eclipse不显示出来而已。
pom文件如下,就是上面的6个jar包。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starters</artifactId>
<version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
<name>Spring Boot Web Starter</name>
<description>Starter for building web, including RESTful, applications using Spring
MVC. Uses Tomcat as the default embedded container</description>
<url>https://projects.spring.io/spring-boot/#/spring-boot-parent/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-web</url>
<organization>
<name>Pivotal Software, Inc.</name>
<url>https://spring.io</url>
</organization>
<licenses>
<license>
<name>Apache License, Version 2.0</name>
<url>http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0</url>
</license>
</licenses>
<developers>
<developer>
<name>Pivotal</name>
<email>info@pivotal.io</email>
<organization>Pivotal Software, Inc.</organization>
<organizationUrl>http://www.spring.io</organizationUrl>
</developer>
</developers>
<scm>
<connection>scm:git:git://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot.git/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-web</connection>
<developerConnection>scm:git:ssh://git@github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot.git/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-web</developerConnection>
<url>http://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-web</url>
</scm>
<issueManagement>
<system>Github</system>
<url>https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/issues</url>
</issueManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-json</artifactId>
<version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate.validator</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>6.0.14.Final</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
maven会自动找到spring-boot-starter-parent,如果项目是继承spring-boot-starter-parent的话。spring-boot-starter-parent再找到spring-boot-dependencies的定义
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath />
</parent>
或者dependencyManagement模块化定义的spring-boot-dependencies定义范围内对应版本的jar包。
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
这里顺便提一下:dependencyManagement模块化定义的好处,将不同版本的模块定义到不同的pom文件里,通过dependencyManagement分类导入的方式,达到按模块需求引入依赖或者按模块需求继承。符合单一职责原则,也解决企业应用的pom的单继承问题。反例则是,父parent中禁止使用dependencies预定义依赖dependency,子pomx会自动继承dependencies中所有预定义依赖,一些公共测试范围的类除外(如junit)。
2、从xml配置转java配置
2.1、mvc配置
@Override
public void onStartup(ServletContext container) {
AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
context.setConfigLocation("com.yss.bi.portal-web.pages");
container.addListener(new ContextLoaderListener(context));
ServletRegistration.Dynamic dispatcher = container.addServlet("dispatcher", new DispatcherServlet(context));
dispatcher.setLoadOnStartup(1);
dispatcher.addMapping("/");
}
@EnableWebMvc
@Configuration
class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
@Bean
public ViewResolver viewResolver() {
InternalResourceViewResolver bean = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
bean.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
bean.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/view/");
bean.setSuffix(".jsp");
return bean;
}
}
不过,现在多数企业都实行前后端分离方式,无需使用mvc模型跳转,采用mvvm模型,通过数据绑定和dom事件监听,实现视图与模型的同步。