了解iPhone应用程序中App目录结构是本文要介绍的内容,不多说,直接进入内容。iPhone的App的目录结构如下:
对于一个运行在iPhone得app,它只能访问自己根目录下得一些文件(所谓sandbox).
一个app发布到iPhone上后,它得目录结构如下:
1、其中得app root可以用 NSHomeDirectory() 访问到;
2、Documents 目录就是我们可以用来写入并保存文件得地方,一般可通过:
- NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory,
- NSUserDomainMask, YES); NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
得到。
3、tmp 目录我们可以在里面写入一些程序运行时需要用得数据,里面写入得数据在程序退出后会没有。可以通过
- NSString *NSTemporaryDirectory(void);
方法得到;
4、文件一些主要操作可以通过NSFileManage 来操作,可以通过 [NSFileManger defaultManger] 得到它得实例。
相关得一些操作:
创建一个目录:比如要在Documents下面创建一个test目录,
- NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
- NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
- NSLog(@”%@”,documentsDirectory);
- NSFileManager *fileManage = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
- NSString *myDirectory = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:@“test”];
- BOOL ok = [fileManage createDirectoryAtPath:myDirectory attributes:nil];
取得一个目录下得所有文件名:(如上面的myDirectory)可用
- NSArray *file = [fileManager subpathsOfDirectoryAtPath: myDirectory error:nil];
或
- NSArray *files = [fileManager subpathsAtPath: myDirectory ];
读取某个文件:
- NSData *data = [fileManger contentsAtPath:myFilePath];
//myFilePath是包含完整路径的文件名
或直接用NSData 的类方法:
- NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentOfPath:myFilePath];
保存某个文件:
可以用 NSFileManager的
- - (BOOL)createFileAtPath:(NSString *)path contents:(NSData *)data attributes:(NSDictionary *)attr;
或 NSData 的
- - (BOOL)writeToFile:(NSString *)path atomically:(BOOL)useAuxiliaryFile;
- - (BOOL)writeToFile:(NSString *)path options:(NSUInteger)writeOptionsMask error:(NSError **)errorPtr;
1、获取程序的Home目录
NSString *path = NSHomeDirectory();
NSLog(@"path:%@",path);
打印结果:
2012-07-11 11:18:16.291 TestProject[2387:f803] path:/Users/username/Library/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/5.1/Applications/BAE91297-A4C6-4DDC-A9DA-7B790B36CE7A
真机上的目录是:
2012-06-17 14:25:47.059 IosSandbox[4281:f803] /var/mobile/Applications/3B8EC78A-5EEE-4C2F-B0CB-4C3F02B996D2
可见,真机上的目录是/var/mobile/Applications/这个目录下的,和模拟器不一样。这个是Home目录,其他的子目录和模拟器一样。
2、获取Document目录
NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
NSString *path = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
NSLog(@"path:%@", path);
打印结果:
2012-07-11 11:21:22.879 TestProject[2417:f803] path:/Users/username/Library/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/5.1/Applications/BAE91297-A4C6-4DDC-A9DA-7B790B36CE7A/Documents
3、获取Cache目录
NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
NSString *path = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
NSLog(@"path:%@", path);
打印结果:
2012-07-11 11:13:36.162 TestProject[2310:f803] path:/Users/username/Library/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/5.1/Applications/BAE91297-A4C6-4DDC-A9DA-7B790B36CE7A/Library/Caches
4、获取Library目录
NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSLibraryDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
NSString *path = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
NSLog(@"path:%@", path);
打印结果:
2012-07-11 11:14:41.138 TestProject[2337:f803] path:/Users/username/Library/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/5.1/Applications/BAE91297-A4C6-4DDC-A9DA-7B790B36CE7A/Library
5、获取Tmp目录
NSString *path = NSTemporaryDirectory();
NSLog(@"%@", path);
打印结果:
2012-07-11 11:16:09.438 TestProject[2358:f803] path:/var/folders/hj/8sgyk0f555l1z_n95p2b2kp00000gn/T/
6、写入文件
NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory,NSUserDomainMask,YES);
NSString *docDir = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
if(!docDir) {
NSLog(@"Documents 目录未找到");
}
NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"内容",@"content",nil];
NSString *filePath = [docDir stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"testFile.txt"];
[array writeToFile:filePath atomically:YES];
7、读取文件
NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory,NSUserDomainMask,YES);
NSString *docDir = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
NSString *filePath = [docDir stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"testFile.txt"];
NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:filePath];
NSLog(@"%@",array);