用C++和Windows的互斥对象(Mutex)来实现线程同步锁
准备知识:1,内核对象互斥体(Mutex)的工作机理,WaitForSingleObject函数的用法,这些可以从MSDN获取详情;2,当两个或 更多线程需要同时访问一个共享资源时,系统需要使用同步机制来确保一次只有一个线程使用该资源。Mutex 是同步基元,它只向一个线程授予对共享资源的独占访问权。如果一个线程获取了互斥体,则要获取该互斥体的第二个线程将被挂起,直到第一个线程释放该互斥体。
下边是我参考开源项目C++ Sockets的代码,写的线程锁类
Lock.h
#ifndef _Lock_H
#define _Lock_H
#include <windows.h>
//锁接口类
class
IMyLock
{
public
:
virtual
~IMyLock() {}
virtual
void
Lock()
const
= 0;
virtual
void
Unlock()
const
= 0;
};
//互斥对象锁类
class
Mutex :
public
IMyLock
{
public
:
Mutex();
~Mutex();
virtual
void
Lock()
const
;
virtual
void
Unlock()
const
;
private
:
HANDLE
m_mutex;
};
//锁
class
CLock
{
public
:
CLock(
const
IMyLock&);
~CLock();
private
:
const
IMyLock& m_lock;
};
#endif
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Lock.cpp
#include "Lock.h"
//创建一个匿名互斥对象
Mutex::Mutex()
{
m_mutex = ::CreateMutex(NULL, FALSE, NULL);
}
//销毁互斥对象,释放资源
Mutex::~Mutex()
{
::CloseHandle(m_mutex);
}
//确保拥有互斥对象的线程对被保护资源的独自访问
void
Mutex::Lock()
const
{
DWORD
d = WaitForSingleObject(m_mutex, INFINITE);
}
//释放当前线程拥有的互斥对象,以使其它线程可以拥有互斥对象,对被保护资源进行访问
void
Mutex::Unlock()
const
{
::ReleaseMutex(m_mutex);
}
//利用C++特性,进行自动加锁
CLock::CLock(
const
IMyLock& m) : m_lock(m)
{
m_lock.Lock();
}
//利用C++特性,进行自动解锁
CLock::~CLock()
{
m_lock.Unlock();
}
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下边是测试代码MyLock.cpp
// MyLock.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
//
#include <iostream>
#include <process.h>
#include "Lock.h"
using
namespace
std;
//创建一个互斥对象
Mutex g_Lock;
//线程函数
unsigned
int
__stdcall StartThread(
void
*pParam)
{
char
*pMsg = (
char
*)pParam;
if
(!pMsg)
{
return
(unsigned
int
)1;
}
//对被保护资源(以下打印语句)自动加锁
//线程函数结束前,自动解锁
CLock lock(g_Lock);
for
(
int
i = 0; i < 5; i++ )
{
cout << pMsg << endl;
Sleep( 500 );
}
return
(unsigned
int
)0;
}
int
main(
int
argc,
char
* argv[])
{
HANDLE
hThread1, hThread2;
unsigned
int
uiThreadId1, uiThreadId2;
char
*pMsg1 =
"First print thread."
;
char
*pMsg2 =
"Second print thread."
;
//创建两个工作线程,分别打印不同的消息
//hThread1 = ::CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)StartThread, (void *)pMsg1, 0, (LPDWORD)&uiThreadId1);
//hThread2 = ::CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)StartThread, (void *)pMsg2, 0, (LPDWORD)&uiThreadId2);
hThread1 = (
HANDLE
)_beginthreadex(NULL, 0, &StartThread, (
void
*)pMsg1, 0, &uiThreadId1);
hThread2 = (
HANDLE
)_beginthreadex(NULL, 0, &StartThread, (
void
*)pMsg2, 0, &uiThreadId2);
//等待线程结束
DWORD
dwRet = WaitForSingleObject(hThread1,INFINITE);
if
( dwRet == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
{
TerminateThread(hThread1,0);
}
dwRet = WaitForSingleObject(hThread2,INFINITE);
if
( dwRet == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
{
TerminateThread(hThread2,0);
}
//关闭线程句柄,释放资源
::CloseHandle(hThread1);
::CloseHandle(hThread2);
system
(
"pause"
);
return
0;
}
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