CF830B：Cards Sorting（思维）

B. Cards Sorting

time limit per test

1 second

memory limit per test

256 megabytes

input

standard input

output

standard output

Vasily has a deck of cards consisting of n cards. There is an integer on each of the cards, this integer is between 1 and 100 000, inclusive. It is possible that some cards have the same integers on them.

Vasily decided to sort the cards. To do this, he repeatedly takes the top card from the deck, and if the number on it equals the minimum number written on the cards in the deck, then he places the card away. Otherwise, he puts it under the deck and takes the next card from the top, and so on. The process ends as soon as there are no cards in the deck. You can assume that Vasily always knows the minimum number written on some card in the remaining deck, but doesn't know where this card (or these cards) is.

You are to determine the total number of times Vasily takes the top card from the deck.

Input

The first line contains single integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 100 000) — the number of cards in the deck.

The second line contains a sequence of n integers a1, a2, ..., an (1 ≤ ai ≤ 100 000), where ai is the number written on the i-th from top card in the deck.

Output

Print the total number of times Vasily takes the top card from the deck.

Examples

input

4
6 3 1 2

output

7

input

1
1000

output

1

input

7
3 3 3 3 3 3 3

output

7

Note

In the first example Vasily at first looks at the card with number 6 on it, puts it under the deck, then on the card with number 3, puts it under the deck, and then on the card with number 1. He places away the card with 1, because the number written on it is the minimum among the remaining cards. After that the cards from top to bottom are [2, 6, 3]. Then Vasily looks at the top card with number 2 and puts it away. After that the cards from top to bottom are [6, 3]. Then Vasily looks at card 6, puts it under the deck, then at card 3 and puts it away. Then there is only one card with number 6 on it, and Vasily looks at it and puts it away. Thus, in total Vasily looks at 7 cards.

题意：给N张牌你，操作A为拿起牌顶的牌，若当前牌的数值是最小的，就扔掉它，否则将牌放到牌堆底，问扔完所有牌需要多少次操作A。

思路：将牌看成一个数列，A B C D E F G，“将牌放到堆底”仅相当于数列循环左移操作，扔牌不改变余牌的相对位置，若牌C < 牌 E，要扔掉E，必须操作A：distance(E-C)次 - sum([C+1，E]里小于E的牌数目，因为它们已经被扔掉了)，假如另一种情况E B C D E F E，若牌C < 牌 E，要操作A：D+E+F+E+E共5次 -刚才5个数中比E小的牌数目，因为他们已经被扔掉了，那么牌从小到大处理即可，用树状数组维护区间的“已经扔到牌数目”。

# include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int maxn = 1e5;
int a[maxn+3], b[maxn+3];
vector<int>v[maxn+3];
void update(int x, int m)
{
    while(x <= maxn) b[x] += m, x += x&-x;
}
int sum(int x)
{
    int s = 0;
    while(x) s += b[x], x -= x&-x;
    return s;
}
int main()
{
    int n;
    scanf("%d",&n);
    for(int i=1; i<=n; ++i) scanf("%d",&a[i]), v[a[i]].push_back(i);
    int pre = 0;
    long long ans = 0;
    sort(a+1, a+1+n);
    for(int i=1; i<=n;)
    {
        int pos = lower_bound(v[a[i]].begin(), v[a[i]].end(), pre) - v[a[i]].begin();
        if(pos == 0)
        {
            pos = v[a[i]][v[a[i]].size()-1];
            ans += pos - pre - sum(pos) + sum(pre);
        }
        else
        {
            pos = v[a[i]][pos-1];
            ans += n - pre + pos - sum(n) + sum(pre) - sum(pos);
        }
        pre = pos;
        for(int j=0; j<v[a[i]].size(); ++j) update(v[a[i]][j], 1);
        i += v[a[i]].size();
    }
    printf("%lld\n",ans);
    return 0;
}