linux9下Oracle9i的安装

    网上关于安装Oracle9i的文章实在有蛮多，下面就以我成功安装的过程为例，跟大家做个分享，希望对你有所帮助。本人系统是RHlinux9+Oracle9i(2.0.0.4)，由于没有很扎实的Linux应用经验加上在安装过程中遇到的各种各样的错误，经过2个星期的努力还是把Oracle安装上去了。

一、JDK的安装

下面把安装过程简单罗列一下:

1. 以root身份登录系统

2. 到java.sun.com去下载JDK1.5.0 for LINUX的rpm. 应该是个jdk-1_5_x-rc-linux-i586-rpm.bin的文件

3.通过chmod ＋x jdk-1_5_x-rc-linux-i586-rpm.bin命令使其获得可执行权限

4.通过 rpm –ivh jdk-1_5_x-rc-linux-i586-rpm.bin来进行安装

5.安装完毕,JDK安装在/usr/java/目录下

6.设置环境变量(写入/etc/profile中)

export JAVA_HOME = /usr/java/jdk1.5
export PATH = $PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin
export CLASSPATH=.:/usr/java/jdk1.5/lib:/usr/java/jdk1.5/jre/lib:$CLASSPATH

7.保存设置。。surce  /etc/profile  刷新文件。通过java   看是否安装成功！~~

二、设置交换空间

grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo   可以查看你的物理内存；cat /proc/swaps 查看你的交换空间，由于安装Oracle需要消耗很大的内存空间，一般我们的交换空间要是你物理内存的两倍。此时，如果交换内存不是物理的内存的两陪左右的话，建议你通过

su - root
dd if=/dev/zero of=tmpswap bs=1k count=900000
chmod 600 tmpswap
mkswap tmpswap
swapon tmpswap

来改变你的交换空间进行安装时内存的补充。使用完后通过

su - root
swapoff tmpswap
rm tmpswap

来释放此空间。

三、设置共享空间

通过此设置可以消除在安装时出现的关于ORA-27123: unable to attach to shared memory segment.的错误提示。

$ su - root
# cat /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax
33554432
# echo `expr 1024 /* 1024 /* 1024` > /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax
# cat /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax
1073741824

四、检查和设置/tmp空间

使用 df /tmp 可以查看当前tmp的使用情况，查看你的使用空间。如果你所剩余的空间不足，那你就得做以下的设置了：

If you do not have enough space in the /tmp directory, you can temporarily create a tmp directory in another filesystem. Here is how you can do this: 
su - root
mkdir /<AnotherFilesystem>/tmp
chown root.root /<AnotherFilesystem>/tmp
chmod 1777 /<AnotherFilesystem>/tmp
export TEMP=/<AnotherFilesystem>           # used by Oracle
export TMPDIR=/<AnotherFilesystem>         # used by Linux programs like the linker "ld"
When you are done with your Oracle installation, shutdown Oracle and remove the temporary directory: 
su - root
rmdir /<AnotherFilesystem>/tmp
unset TEMP
unset TMPDIR
四、检查系统以安装的包（这一步很重要，你要确保你所要使用到的包都包含了才好进行下一步，我就是在这一个地方缺少了一个包而耗费了两三天的时间。要是以下包有还没安装的，那你就在linux安装盘里找相应的包进行安装）
rpm -q gcc cpp compat-libstdc++ glibc-devel glibc-kernheaders binutils
For instance, when I installed Red Hat 9.0 and when I used the default packages for the Installation Type "Server", I had to install the following RPMs afterwards: 
su - root
rpm -ivh binutils-2.13.90.0.18-9.i386.rpm /
cpp-3.2.2-5.i386.rpm /
gcc-3.2.2-5.i386.rpm /
glibc-devel-2.3.2-5.i386.rpm /
glibc-kernheaders-2.4-8.10.i386.rpm 
五、建立Oracle用户（由于Oracle不能使用root用户安装，特为Oracle建立个用户）
su - root
groupadd dba          # group of users to be granted with SYSDBA system privilege
groupadd oinstall     # group owner of Oracle files
useradd -c "Oracle software owner" -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle
建立Oracle安装路径：
su - root
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/9.2.0
chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01
                                           
mkdir /var/opt/oracle
chown oracle.dba /var/opt/oracle
chmod 755 /var/opt/oracle
六、设置Oracle环境变量：  
以Oracle用户登陆系统， 在~oracle/.bash_profile 后粘贴：
# Use the "Linuxthreads with floating stacks" implementation instead of NPTL:
export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.1    # for RH 9 and RHEL AS 3

# Oracle Environment
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/9.2.0
export ORACLE_SID=test
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
# export TNS_ADMIN= Set if sqlnet.ora, tnsnames.ora, etc. are not in $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN;
export ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

# Set shell search paths
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
I successfully installed Oracle9iR2 without setting the following CLASSPATH environment variable: 
# CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
# CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
# export CLASSPATH
七、安装（./runInstaller）
Before you run runInstaller, execute e.g. 'xterm' to see if your X setup is really working! If you install Oracle on your desktop PC and not on a remote node, then you can skip step 1 and 3.

Step 1: Allow "oracleserver" to display X information to your desktop PC "yourdesktop":
  yourdesktop:user$ xhost +oracleserver
Step 2: Open a new window and login to the Oracle server "oracleserver" as root. This window will be used for mounting and unmounting the Oracle CDs. 
  oracleserver:$ su - root
  oracleserver:root# mount /mnt/cdrom
Step 3: From the console of your Oracle server "oracleserver" where you will run runInstaller, execute the following commands: 
  oracleserver:$ su - oracle
  oracleserver:oracle$ export DISPLAY=yourdesktop:0.0
Step 4: Now execute runInstaller as "oracle". Do not cd to /mnt/cdrom !! 
  oracleserver:oracle$ /mnt/cdrom/runInstaller
安装完成。！！~~~
我在linux9+Oracle9i(Oracle9.2.0.4);
设置环境后进行安装./runInstaller，
1、找不到 lib6.1-1.so2,解决办法是通过强制链接指向方法ln -sf libstdc++.so.5.0.3  lib6.1-1.so2。没报错了
2、没报错但就是始终停留在。。。。。。。。。please waiting!解决办法是通过修改Disk1/。。/oraparam.ini文件的jre指向，另其指向我们自己新装的jre。问题解决，没报错并出现安装界面。
3、到复制jre的时候进行不下去了报错如下：Exception in thread "Thread-8" java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /tmp/OraInstall2005-12-09_08-29-20AM/libactionFile170.so: /tmp/OraInstall2005-12-09_08-29-20AM/libactionFile170.
so: undefined symbol: stat<p> at java.lang.ClassLoader$NativeLibrary.load(Native Method)<p> at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary0(Unknown Source)<p> at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(Unknown Source)<p> 
at java.lang.Runtime.load0(Unknown Source)<p> at java.lang.System.load(Unknown Source)<p> at ssOiFileClassux170.<clinit>(ssOiFileClassux170.java:25)<p> at copyActionHelperux.setPermissions(copyActionHelperux.java:350)<p> 
at copyActionHelper.copyExpandedGroupFile(copyActionHelper.java:972)<p> at copyActionHelper.copyExpandedGroup(copyActionHelper.java:863)<p> at copyActionHelperux.installCopyGroupAction(copyActionHelperux.java:125)<p> 
at sscopyExpandedGroupux.installAction(sscopyExpandedGroupux.java:42)<p> at oracle.sysman.oii.oiis.OiisCompActions.doActionWithException(OiisCompActions.java:1357)<p> at oracle.sysman.oii.oiis.OiisCompActions.doActionImpl(OiisCompActions.java:1157)<p> 
at oracle.sysman.oii.oiis.OiisCompActions.copyExpandedGroupActionInner(OiisCompActions.java:963)<p> at oracle.sysman.oii.oiis.OiisCompActions.copyGroupAction(OiisCompActions.java:777)<p> at oracle.sysman.oii.oiis.OiisCompActions.doAction(OiisCompActions.java:546)<p> 
at CompActions.doActionP1copyGroup1(CompActions.java:212)<p> at CompActions.stateChangeActions(CompActions.java:102)<p> at oracle.sysman.oii.oiic.OiicInstallActionsPhase$OiilActionThr.run(OiicInstallActionsPhase.java:604)<p>
at oracle.sysman.oii.oiic.OiicInstallActionsPhase.executeProductPhases(OiicInstallActionsPhase.java:2199)<p> at oracle.sysman.oii.oiic.OiicInstallActionsPhase.doInstalls(OiicInstallActionsPhase.java:2052)<p>
at oracle.sysman.oii.oiic.OiicInstallActionsPhase$OiInstRun.run(OiicInstallActionsPhase.java:2945)<p> at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)<p>
要是出现这个问题就是说明你的包没安装完.
   由于在安装过程中还出现比较多的问题，没能及时做好记录，不能一一罗列。实在过意不去啊！
参考文献：http://www.puschitz.com/InstallingOracle9i.shtml