start() 和 run()的区别说明
start() : 它的作用是启动一个新线程,新线程会执行相应的run()方法。start()不能被重复调用。
run() : run()就和普通的成员方法一样,可以被重复调用。单独调用run()的话,会在当前线程中执行run(),而并不会启动新线程!
下面以代码来进行说明。
class MyThread extends Thread{
public void run(){
...
}
};
MyThread mythread = new MyThread();
mythread.start()会启动一个新线程,并在新线程中运行run()方法。
而mythread.run()则会直接在当前线程中运行run()方法,并不会启动一个新线程来运行run()。
start() 和 run()的区别示例
下面,通过一个简单示例演示它们之间的区别。源码如下:
class MyThread extends Thread{
public MyThread(String name) {
super(name);
}
public void run(){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" is running");
}
};
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread mythread=new MyThread("mythread");
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" call mythread.run()");
mythread.run();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" call mythread.start()");
mythread.start();
}
}运行结果:
main call mythread.run()
main is running
main call mythread.start()
mythread is running
结果说明:
(01) Thread.currentThread().getName()是用于获取“当前线程”的名字。当前线程是指正在cpu中调度执行的线程。
(02) mythread.run()是在“主线程main”中调用的,该run()方法直接运行在“主线程main”上。
(03) mythread.start()会启动“线程mythread”,“线程mythread”启动之后,会调用run()方法;此时的run()方法是运行在“线程mythread”上。
start() 和 run()相关源码(基于JDK1.7.0_80)
Thread.java中start()方法的源码如下:
public synchronized void start() {
// A zero status value corresponds to state "NEW".如果线程不是"NEW",则抛出异常!
if (threadStatus != 0)
throw new IllegalThreadStateException();
// 将线程添加到ThreadGroup中,底层实现:Thread threads[]数组;
group.add(this);
boolean started = false;
try {
// 通过start0()启动线程
start0();//private native void start0();查看open jdk
// 设置started标记
started = true;
} finally {
try {
if (!started) {
group.threadStartFailed(this);
}
} catch (Throwable ignore) {
/* do nothing. If start0 threw a Throwable then
it will be passed up the call stack */
}
}
}
void add(Thread t) {
synchronized (this) {
//判断线程是否销毁
if (destroyed) {
throw new IllegalThreadStateException();
}
//如果线程组为空,则新建一个大小为4的线程组
if (threads == null) {
threads = new Thread[4];
} else if (nthreads == threads.length) {
//nthreads我的理解是线程组中的线程数,当nthreads == threads.length时,就表示已经有8个线程了,再有线程加进来时threadgroup就不够放了,就得扩容,2倍扩容类似于arraylist的扩容方式。
threads = Arrays.copyOf(threads, nthreads * 2);
}
threads[nthreads] = t;
// This is done last so it doesn't matter in case the
// thread is killed不太理解,线程被杀死的操作是什么?本来被放到线程组的线程被杀死后,nthreads还要++??
nthreads++;
// The thread is now a fully fledged member of the group, even
// though it may, or may not, have been started yet. It will prevent
// the group from being destroyed so the unstarted Threads count is
// decremented.
nUnstartedThreads--;
}
}
Thread.java中run()的代码如下:
public void run() {
if (target != null) {
target.run();
}
}
mythread.run()--Threa.Class里的run--Runnable对象(还是回到mythread)的run
说明:target是一个Runnable对象。run()就是直接调用Thread线程的Runnable成员的run()方法,并不会新建一个线程。
to be continued...